Nursing 101 Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam 1, Part
3 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. A nursing student gives herself positive messages B) Intrapersonal
regarding her ability to do well on a test. This is an
example of what level of communication? Intrapersonal communication is a powerful form of communication that occurs
A) Public within an individual. Interpersonal communication takes place between people.
B) Intrapersonal Transpersonal communication occurs within a person's spiritual domain. Public
C) Interpersonal communication is interaction with an audience.
D) Transpersonal
The nurse demonstrates active listening by: C) Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the client
A) Agreeing with the client
B) Repeating everything the client says to clarify Active listening means being attentive to what the client is saying both verbally
C) Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the and nonverbally. Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the client
client facilitates listening. Agreeing with the client does not facilitate communication.
D) Smiling and nodding continuously throughout the Repeating everything the client says can become distracting. Smiling and nodding
interview continuously is not responding to what the client says at all times.
During the orientation phase of the helping relationship, A, B, and C
the nurse might do which of the following? (Sellect all
that apply) In the orientation phase of the helping relationship, the nurse and client meet and
A) Discuss the cards and flowers in the room. get to know each other. The nurse reviews the history to identify possible health
B) Work together with the client to establish goals. concerns before meeting the client. During the working phase, the nurse and
C) Review the client's history to identify possible health client work together to solve problems and accomplish goals. Therapeutic
concerns. communication would be used in all stages of the relationship.
D) Use therapeutic communication to manage the client's
confusion.
If the nurse is working with a client who has expressive C) Allow extra time for the client to respond.
aphasia, it would be most helpful for the nurse to:
A) Ask open-ended questions. For clients with aphasia, the nurse should be sure to allow extra time for the client
B) Speak loudly and use simple sentences. to respond. Asking open-ended questions is important, but these questions need
C) Allow extra time for the client to respond. to be developed based on the client's personal communication ability. Speaking
D) Encourage a family member to answer for the client. loudly is not necessary for a client with a diagnosis of aphasia. The client should
be encouraged to answer questions himself or herself and not expect others to
answer for the client, even if it takes longer for the client to do so.
The professional nurse can best be said to be engaging D) Works with colleagues and clients' families to take advantage of combined
in collaboration with others to develop the client's plan of expertise in planning care
care when the nurse:
A) Consults the physician for direction in establishing Collaboration is teamwork in which individuals in multiple disciplines work
goals for clients together, each contributing his or her expertise to the client's care. The physician
B) Depends on the latest literature to complete an will provide medical direction, but teamwork and collaboration require more than
excellent plan of care for clients just medical direction. Consulting the latest literature can help in planning care,
C) Works independently to plan and deliver care and but this is not collaboration. The collaborative team works together to provide
does not depend on other staff for assistance care for the client.
D) Works with colleagues and clients' families to take
advantage of combined expertise in planning care
,The nurse tells the client, "I'm not sure I understand what B) Clarifying
you mean by 'sicker than usual.' What is different now?"
The nurse is using the therapeutic technique of: Clarifying gives the client a chance to be more specific or give more information.
A) Focusing Paraphrasing means restating another's message briefly in one's own words. The
B) Clarifying nurse is not providing information in the remarks given. Focusing is used to bring
C) Paraphrasing attention to key concepts or elements in a message.
D) Providing information
The nurse says to the client, "We've talked a lot about A) Focusing
your medications, but let's look more closely at the
trouble you're having in taking them on time." The nurse is Focusing is used to center attention on key concepts or elements in a message.
using the therapeutic technique of: Clarifying gives the client a chance to be more specific or provide more
A) Focusing information. Paraphrasing means restating another's message briefly in one's own
B) Clarifying words. The nurse is not providing information here.
C) Paraphrasing
D) Providing information
When working with an older adult, the nurse should B) Shifting from subject to subject
remember to avoid:
A) Touching the client The nurse should avoid shifting from subject to subject, because it can create
B) Shifting from subject to subject confusion. All individuals require touch. Allowing older adults to reminisce can be
C) Allowing the client to reminisce helpful and therapeutic. Asking a client how he or she feels is a method of
D) Asking the client how he or she feels opening communication.
A nurse should consider zones of personal space and C) Be 18 inches to 4 feet from the client
touch when caring for clients. If the nurse is taking the
client's nursing history, she should: The personal zone is 18 inches to 4 feet and is best when the nurse is taking a
A) Sit next to the client client's history. The intimate zone is 0 to 18 inches, and the nurse is in this zone
B) Be 4 to 12 feet from the client when performing assessment. The social zone is 9 to 12 feet and is used when
C) Be 18 inches to 4 feet from the client making rounds with a physician. The public zone is 12 feet or more.
D) Be 12 inches to 3 feet from the client
A pregnant client mentally rehearses giving birth in her B) Intrapersonal communication
mind. This is an example of:
A) Metacommunication Intrapersonal communication is also called self-talk, self-instruction, and inner
B) Intrapersonal communication thought. Self-instruction can provide mental rehearsal for difficult tasks, such as
C) Interpersonal communication labor and delivery, so individuals can deal with them more effectively.
D) Transpersonal communication Interpersonal communication is one-to-one interaction that often occurs face to
face. Transpersonal communication is interaction that occurs in a person's spiritual
domain, such as through prayer or meditation. Metacommunication is looking at
the deeper meaning of what is being said.
11. The nurse may facilitate verbal communication with C) Using short sentences that express an idea simply and directly
clients by:
A) Using words that can have several meanings Verbal communication should be clear and brief. Fewer words result in less
B) Using medical terminology to ensure accuracy confusion. Communication that is simple, brief, and direct is more effective.
C) Using short sentences that express an idea simply and Medical jargon may sound like a foreign language to clients unfamiliar with the
directly health care setting and should be used only with other health team members.
D) Speaking slowly and deliberately and allowing long Nurses should carefully select words that cannot be easily misinterpreted,
pauses in the conversation especially when explaining a client's medical condition or therapy. Speaking
slowly and deliberately can convey an unintended message. Long pauses and
rapid shifts to another subject may give the impression that the nurse is hiding the
truth.
, A nurse feels frustrated because she is behind in D) When there is incongruity between verbal and nonverbal communication, the
administering her clients' medications. She comes to the receiver usually "hears" the nonverbal message as the true message.
client's bedside hurriedly with a frown on her face and
sighs while she is waiting for the client to swallow the It has been estimated that approximately 7% of meaning is transmitted by words,
medication. The nurse then says brightly, "Isn't it a relaxing 38% is transmitted by vocal cues, and 55% is transmitted by body cues. Nonverbal
day?" The nurse should remember that: communication is unconsciously motivated and may more accurately indicate a
A) The client may respond defensively if his or her person's intended meaning than the spoken words. This is what the receiver
personal space is threatened. "hears." Although options 1 and 2 are true, they are not the best statements for
B) Maintaining eye contact during conversation shows explaining incongruity between verbal and nonverbal communication as depicted
respect and willingness to listen. in the question.
C) Most meaning in conversation is transmitted by
spoken words rather than by nonverbal communication.
D) When there is incongruity between verbal and
nonverbal communication, the receiver usually "hears" the
nonverbal message as the true message.
A client's family member wipes her eyes as she cries at C) "Losing a loved one can be really difficult. It looks like you're pretty upset. I'd
the loss of a loved one and says, "It's no big deal. I mean, like to help."
we all have to die sometime, right?" The nurse is
engaging in metacommunication when the nurse Metacommunication uncovers the deeper message beneath what is being overtly
responds: said. Option 3 would be the most therapeutic response by the nurse. In options 1
A) "You are taking this really well." and 2, the nurse is not attending to the nonverbal cues in these responses but
B) "You are exactly right. Dying is inevitable." sounds oblivious to the real feelings being expressed by the family member. The
C) "Losing a loved one can be really difficult. It looks like nurse should allow the client to verbalize those feelings.
you're pretty upset. I'd like to help."
D) "Let's not talk about it. That will help you feel better.
After all, God won't give you more than you can handle."
In a nurse-client helping relationship, the nurse should: D) Convey nonjudgmental acceptance with a willingness to hear a message or to
A) Problem solve for the client. acknowledge feelings.
B) Distort the truth when the client is to receive bad news
to protect the client. The nurse-client helping relationship is characterized by the nurse's
C) Convey acceptance by always agreeing with the client nonjudgmental acceptance of the client. Acceptance conveys a willingness to
or approving of the client's decisions or actions. hear a message or to acknowledge feelings even if the nurse does not agree with
D) Convey nonjudgmental acceptance with a willingness the client. Acceptance does not mean the nurse must always agree with the client.
to hear a message or to acknowledge feelings. The nurse should allow others the opportunity to make choices and help them
problem solve, but not make decisions for them. The nurse acts as an advocate,
keeping the client informed and providing support in decision making. Lying or
distorting the truth violates both legal and ethical standards of practice.
A client with diabetes is hospitalized with a sore on his B) The client's pain
foot that has failed to heal. The nurse is gathering a
videotape and some printed material on diabetes to A referent motivates one person to communicate with another. In this case,
begin teaching the client when he calls the nurse asking sensations and perceptions of pain initiated communication. The videotape and
for something to decrease his pain. In terms of the printed material are means of conveying and receiving messages, called
elements of the communication process, the referent in channels. The nurse is the receiver, the person who receives and decodes the
this situation is: message. The sociocultural background of the client and nurse are interpersonal
A) The nurse variables that influence communication.
B) The client's pain
C) The videotape and printed material on diabetes
D) The client's and nurse's sociocultural background
3 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. A nursing student gives herself positive messages B) Intrapersonal
regarding her ability to do well on a test. This is an
example of what level of communication? Intrapersonal communication is a powerful form of communication that occurs
A) Public within an individual. Interpersonal communication takes place between people.
B) Intrapersonal Transpersonal communication occurs within a person's spiritual domain. Public
C) Interpersonal communication is interaction with an audience.
D) Transpersonal
The nurse demonstrates active listening by: C) Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the client
A) Agreeing with the client
B) Repeating everything the client says to clarify Active listening means being attentive to what the client is saying both verbally
C) Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the and nonverbally. Assuming a relaxed posture and leaning toward the client
client facilitates listening. Agreeing with the client does not facilitate communication.
D) Smiling and nodding continuously throughout the Repeating everything the client says can become distracting. Smiling and nodding
interview continuously is not responding to what the client says at all times.
During the orientation phase of the helping relationship, A, B, and C
the nurse might do which of the following? (Sellect all
that apply) In the orientation phase of the helping relationship, the nurse and client meet and
A) Discuss the cards and flowers in the room. get to know each other. The nurse reviews the history to identify possible health
B) Work together with the client to establish goals. concerns before meeting the client. During the working phase, the nurse and
C) Review the client's history to identify possible health client work together to solve problems and accomplish goals. Therapeutic
concerns. communication would be used in all stages of the relationship.
D) Use therapeutic communication to manage the client's
confusion.
If the nurse is working with a client who has expressive C) Allow extra time for the client to respond.
aphasia, it would be most helpful for the nurse to:
A) Ask open-ended questions. For clients with aphasia, the nurse should be sure to allow extra time for the client
B) Speak loudly and use simple sentences. to respond. Asking open-ended questions is important, but these questions need
C) Allow extra time for the client to respond. to be developed based on the client's personal communication ability. Speaking
D) Encourage a family member to answer for the client. loudly is not necessary for a client with a diagnosis of aphasia. The client should
be encouraged to answer questions himself or herself and not expect others to
answer for the client, even if it takes longer for the client to do so.
The professional nurse can best be said to be engaging D) Works with colleagues and clients' families to take advantage of combined
in collaboration with others to develop the client's plan of expertise in planning care
care when the nurse:
A) Consults the physician for direction in establishing Collaboration is teamwork in which individuals in multiple disciplines work
goals for clients together, each contributing his or her expertise to the client's care. The physician
B) Depends on the latest literature to complete an will provide medical direction, but teamwork and collaboration require more than
excellent plan of care for clients just medical direction. Consulting the latest literature can help in planning care,
C) Works independently to plan and deliver care and but this is not collaboration. The collaborative team works together to provide
does not depend on other staff for assistance care for the client.
D) Works with colleagues and clients' families to take
advantage of combined expertise in planning care
,The nurse tells the client, "I'm not sure I understand what B) Clarifying
you mean by 'sicker than usual.' What is different now?"
The nurse is using the therapeutic technique of: Clarifying gives the client a chance to be more specific or give more information.
A) Focusing Paraphrasing means restating another's message briefly in one's own words. The
B) Clarifying nurse is not providing information in the remarks given. Focusing is used to bring
C) Paraphrasing attention to key concepts or elements in a message.
D) Providing information
The nurse says to the client, "We've talked a lot about A) Focusing
your medications, but let's look more closely at the
trouble you're having in taking them on time." The nurse is Focusing is used to center attention on key concepts or elements in a message.
using the therapeutic technique of: Clarifying gives the client a chance to be more specific or provide more
A) Focusing information. Paraphrasing means restating another's message briefly in one's own
B) Clarifying words. The nurse is not providing information here.
C) Paraphrasing
D) Providing information
When working with an older adult, the nurse should B) Shifting from subject to subject
remember to avoid:
A) Touching the client The nurse should avoid shifting from subject to subject, because it can create
B) Shifting from subject to subject confusion. All individuals require touch. Allowing older adults to reminisce can be
C) Allowing the client to reminisce helpful and therapeutic. Asking a client how he or she feels is a method of
D) Asking the client how he or she feels opening communication.
A nurse should consider zones of personal space and C) Be 18 inches to 4 feet from the client
touch when caring for clients. If the nurse is taking the
client's nursing history, she should: The personal zone is 18 inches to 4 feet and is best when the nurse is taking a
A) Sit next to the client client's history. The intimate zone is 0 to 18 inches, and the nurse is in this zone
B) Be 4 to 12 feet from the client when performing assessment. The social zone is 9 to 12 feet and is used when
C) Be 18 inches to 4 feet from the client making rounds with a physician. The public zone is 12 feet or more.
D) Be 12 inches to 3 feet from the client
A pregnant client mentally rehearses giving birth in her B) Intrapersonal communication
mind. This is an example of:
A) Metacommunication Intrapersonal communication is also called self-talk, self-instruction, and inner
B) Intrapersonal communication thought. Self-instruction can provide mental rehearsal for difficult tasks, such as
C) Interpersonal communication labor and delivery, so individuals can deal with them more effectively.
D) Transpersonal communication Interpersonal communication is one-to-one interaction that often occurs face to
face. Transpersonal communication is interaction that occurs in a person's spiritual
domain, such as through prayer or meditation. Metacommunication is looking at
the deeper meaning of what is being said.
11. The nurse may facilitate verbal communication with C) Using short sentences that express an idea simply and directly
clients by:
A) Using words that can have several meanings Verbal communication should be clear and brief. Fewer words result in less
B) Using medical terminology to ensure accuracy confusion. Communication that is simple, brief, and direct is more effective.
C) Using short sentences that express an idea simply and Medical jargon may sound like a foreign language to clients unfamiliar with the
directly health care setting and should be used only with other health team members.
D) Speaking slowly and deliberately and allowing long Nurses should carefully select words that cannot be easily misinterpreted,
pauses in the conversation especially when explaining a client's medical condition or therapy. Speaking
slowly and deliberately can convey an unintended message. Long pauses and
rapid shifts to another subject may give the impression that the nurse is hiding the
truth.
, A nurse feels frustrated because she is behind in D) When there is incongruity between verbal and nonverbal communication, the
administering her clients' medications. She comes to the receiver usually "hears" the nonverbal message as the true message.
client's bedside hurriedly with a frown on her face and
sighs while she is waiting for the client to swallow the It has been estimated that approximately 7% of meaning is transmitted by words,
medication. The nurse then says brightly, "Isn't it a relaxing 38% is transmitted by vocal cues, and 55% is transmitted by body cues. Nonverbal
day?" The nurse should remember that: communication is unconsciously motivated and may more accurately indicate a
A) The client may respond defensively if his or her person's intended meaning than the spoken words. This is what the receiver
personal space is threatened. "hears." Although options 1 and 2 are true, they are not the best statements for
B) Maintaining eye contact during conversation shows explaining incongruity between verbal and nonverbal communication as depicted
respect and willingness to listen. in the question.
C) Most meaning in conversation is transmitted by
spoken words rather than by nonverbal communication.
D) When there is incongruity between verbal and
nonverbal communication, the receiver usually "hears" the
nonverbal message as the true message.
A client's family member wipes her eyes as she cries at C) "Losing a loved one can be really difficult. It looks like you're pretty upset. I'd
the loss of a loved one and says, "It's no big deal. I mean, like to help."
we all have to die sometime, right?" The nurse is
engaging in metacommunication when the nurse Metacommunication uncovers the deeper message beneath what is being overtly
responds: said. Option 3 would be the most therapeutic response by the nurse. In options 1
A) "You are taking this really well." and 2, the nurse is not attending to the nonverbal cues in these responses but
B) "You are exactly right. Dying is inevitable." sounds oblivious to the real feelings being expressed by the family member. The
C) "Losing a loved one can be really difficult. It looks like nurse should allow the client to verbalize those feelings.
you're pretty upset. I'd like to help."
D) "Let's not talk about it. That will help you feel better.
After all, God won't give you more than you can handle."
In a nurse-client helping relationship, the nurse should: D) Convey nonjudgmental acceptance with a willingness to hear a message or to
A) Problem solve for the client. acknowledge feelings.
B) Distort the truth when the client is to receive bad news
to protect the client. The nurse-client helping relationship is characterized by the nurse's
C) Convey acceptance by always agreeing with the client nonjudgmental acceptance of the client. Acceptance conveys a willingness to
or approving of the client's decisions or actions. hear a message or to acknowledge feelings even if the nurse does not agree with
D) Convey nonjudgmental acceptance with a willingness the client. Acceptance does not mean the nurse must always agree with the client.
to hear a message or to acknowledge feelings. The nurse should allow others the opportunity to make choices and help them
problem solve, but not make decisions for them. The nurse acts as an advocate,
keeping the client informed and providing support in decision making. Lying or
distorting the truth violates both legal and ethical standards of practice.
A client with diabetes is hospitalized with a sore on his B) The client's pain
foot that has failed to heal. The nurse is gathering a
videotape and some printed material on diabetes to A referent motivates one person to communicate with another. In this case,
begin teaching the client when he calls the nurse asking sensations and perceptions of pain initiated communication. The videotape and
for something to decrease his pain. In terms of the printed material are means of conveying and receiving messages, called
elements of the communication process, the referent in channels. The nurse is the receiver, the person who receives and decodes the
this situation is: message. The sociocultural background of the client and nurse are interpersonal
A) The nurse variables that influence communication.
B) The client's pain
C) The videotape and printed material on diabetes
D) The client's and nurse's sociocultural background
