BIOD 121: Module 5 Exam Portage Learning Questions and
Answers 2026
1. Physical fitness is defined as the ability to perform moderate to vigorous
activity without:
A) Any increase in heart rate.
B) Undue fatigue.
C) Consuming any calories.
D) Using muscle glycogen.
Answer: B
Rationale: Fitness is the body's ability to handle physical stress effectively while
maintaining enough energy for daily tasks.
2. Which of the following is an example of an "Anaerobic" activity?
A) A 2-hour hike.
B) A 100-meter sprint.
C) A slow 30-minute jog.
D) Yoga.
Answer: B
Rationale: Anaerobic activities are high-intensity and short-duration, meaning the body
produces energy without relying on oxygen.
3. The "F" in the FITT principle stands for:
A) Fat-burning.
B) Frequency.
C) Flexibility.
D) Force.
Answer: B
Rationale: Frequency refers to how many days per week an individual performs a
specific exercise.
4. What is the primary source of energy for the body during rest?
A) Glucose.
B) Protein.
C) Fatty acids (Fat).
D) Phosphocreatine.
Answer: C
,Rationale: At rest and during low-intensity activity, the body efficiently burns fat as its
primary fuel source.
5. Which molecule is considered the "energy currency" of the cell?
A) DNA.
B) ATP.
C) Glucose.
D) Pyruvate.
Answer: B
Rationale: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the immediate source of energy for all
muscular contractions.
6. Phosphocreatine (PCr) is used to resupply ATP for activities lasting
approximately:
A) 1–10 seconds.
B) 5–10 minutes.
C) 1–2 hours.
D) All day.
Answer: A
Rationale: PCr is a quick-burst energy source used for explosive movements like a
shot-put throw or a 50-yard dash.
7. "Hitting the wall" is a term used when an athlete depletes their stores of:
A) Body fat.
/B) Liver and muscle glycogen.
C) Essential amino acids.
D) Water.
Answer: B
Rationale: When glycogen (stored carbohydrates) runs out, the body struggles to
maintain high-intensity pace, leading to extreme fatigue.
8. Which macronutrient is the most important for muscle repair and synthesis
after a workout?
A) Fat.
B) Carbohydrate.
C) Protein.
D) Fiber.
Answer: C
Rationale: Amino acids from protein are the building blocks used to repair muscle fibers
damaged during exercise.
, 9. For a 30-year-old individual, what is the estimated Maximum Heart Rate (MHR)?
A) 220 bpm.
B) 190 bpm.
C) 150 bpm.
D) 120 bpm.
Answer: B
Rationale: Calculated as 220 minus the age (220 - 30 = 190).
10. What is the "Target Zone" percentage for aerobic heart rate training?
A) 20–30% of MHR.
B) 60–90% of MHR.
C) 95–100% of MHR.
D) 10–15% of MHR.
Answer: B
Rationale: To improve cardiovascular fitness, the heart rate must be elevated to 60-90%
of its maximum capacity.
11. Which of the following is a symptom of "Heat Exhaustion"?
A) Lack of sweating.
/B) Profuse sweating and dizziness.
C) A core temperature of 107°F.
D) Hallucinations.
Answer: B
Rationale: Heat exhaustion is a warning sign of overheating, characterized by heavy
sweat and a rapid pulse.
12. "Pyruvate" is produced during which metabolic pathway?
A) Beta-oxidation.
B) Glycolysis.
C) The Electron Transport Chain.
D) Lipolysis.
Answer: B
Rationale: Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate to release energy.
13. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into:
A) Acetyl-CoA.
B) Lactate (Lactic Acid).
C) Water.
D) Urea.
Answer: B
Answers 2026
1. Physical fitness is defined as the ability to perform moderate to vigorous
activity without:
A) Any increase in heart rate.
B) Undue fatigue.
C) Consuming any calories.
D) Using muscle glycogen.
Answer: B
Rationale: Fitness is the body's ability to handle physical stress effectively while
maintaining enough energy for daily tasks.
2. Which of the following is an example of an "Anaerobic" activity?
A) A 2-hour hike.
B) A 100-meter sprint.
C) A slow 30-minute jog.
D) Yoga.
Answer: B
Rationale: Anaerobic activities are high-intensity and short-duration, meaning the body
produces energy without relying on oxygen.
3. The "F" in the FITT principle stands for:
A) Fat-burning.
B) Frequency.
C) Flexibility.
D) Force.
Answer: B
Rationale: Frequency refers to how many days per week an individual performs a
specific exercise.
4. What is the primary source of energy for the body during rest?
A) Glucose.
B) Protein.
C) Fatty acids (Fat).
D) Phosphocreatine.
Answer: C
,Rationale: At rest and during low-intensity activity, the body efficiently burns fat as its
primary fuel source.
5. Which molecule is considered the "energy currency" of the cell?
A) DNA.
B) ATP.
C) Glucose.
D) Pyruvate.
Answer: B
Rationale: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the immediate source of energy for all
muscular contractions.
6. Phosphocreatine (PCr) is used to resupply ATP for activities lasting
approximately:
A) 1–10 seconds.
B) 5–10 minutes.
C) 1–2 hours.
D) All day.
Answer: A
Rationale: PCr is a quick-burst energy source used for explosive movements like a
shot-put throw or a 50-yard dash.
7. "Hitting the wall" is a term used when an athlete depletes their stores of:
A) Body fat.
/B) Liver and muscle glycogen.
C) Essential amino acids.
D) Water.
Answer: B
Rationale: When glycogen (stored carbohydrates) runs out, the body struggles to
maintain high-intensity pace, leading to extreme fatigue.
8. Which macronutrient is the most important for muscle repair and synthesis
after a workout?
A) Fat.
B) Carbohydrate.
C) Protein.
D) Fiber.
Answer: C
Rationale: Amino acids from protein are the building blocks used to repair muscle fibers
damaged during exercise.
, 9. For a 30-year-old individual, what is the estimated Maximum Heart Rate (MHR)?
A) 220 bpm.
B) 190 bpm.
C) 150 bpm.
D) 120 bpm.
Answer: B
Rationale: Calculated as 220 minus the age (220 - 30 = 190).
10. What is the "Target Zone" percentage for aerobic heart rate training?
A) 20–30% of MHR.
B) 60–90% of MHR.
C) 95–100% of MHR.
D) 10–15% of MHR.
Answer: B
Rationale: To improve cardiovascular fitness, the heart rate must be elevated to 60-90%
of its maximum capacity.
11. Which of the following is a symptom of "Heat Exhaustion"?
A) Lack of sweating.
/B) Profuse sweating and dizziness.
C) A core temperature of 107°F.
D) Hallucinations.
Answer: B
Rationale: Heat exhaustion is a warning sign of overheating, characterized by heavy
sweat and a rapid pulse.
12. "Pyruvate" is produced during which metabolic pathway?
A) Beta-oxidation.
B) Glycolysis.
C) The Electron Transport Chain.
D) Lipolysis.
Answer: B
Rationale: Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate to release energy.
13. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into:
A) Acetyl-CoA.
B) Lactate (Lactic Acid).
C) Water.
D) Urea.
Answer: B
