NRSG 328 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
antenatal care care provided for a mother and her baby before the birth of the baby
gravida -number of times someone has been pregnant
-includes pregnancies that did not result in birth
-includes the current pregnancy
-twins and triplets counted as one
para -number of pregnancies that reached 20 weeks gestation
-includes pregnancies that did not result in birth
gestational age age as measured in weeks from the first day of the mother's last menstrual cycle
age of viability -age the baby can survive outside the womb
-usually around 22-24 weejs
presumptive signs of pregnancy -missed menstrual period
-breast tenderness
-fatigue/drowsiness
-N/V
-unexplained weight gain
positive signs of pregnancy -ultrasound visualization of fetus (around 8-12 weeks)
-fetal movement detected by examiner
-audible fetal heartbeat detected by examiner
term birth number of babies born at term (longer than 37 weeks)
preterm births -number of babies born after 20 but before 37 weeks of gestation
-includes alive and still births
abortion pregnancies aborted before 20 weeks of gestation
estimated date of birth (EDB) -identify the first day of the last menstrual period
-add 7 days
-count forward 9 months
chadwick sign bluish discoloration of cervix that occurs normally in pregnancy at 6 to 8 weeks'
gestation
goodell sign -softening of the cervix
-a probable sign of pregnancy, occurring during the second month
, hormone changes during pregnancy -human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
-estrogen
-progesterone
-relaxin
-human chorionic somatomammotropin
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) -produced in early pregnancy by fertilized ovum and chorionic vili
-stimulates progesterone and estrogen release by corpus luteum
estrogen -produced first by corpus luteum (until day 14) then by placenta
-enlarges uterus, breasts, and genitals
-promotes fat deposit changes
-relaxes pelvic ligaments
-decreases ability of pancreas to produce insulin (mindful of gestational diabetes)
progesterone -produced first by the corpus luteum (until day 14) then by placenta
-maintains endometrium
-inhibits oxytocin and uterine contraction
-prepares breasts for lactation
relaxin -produced first by corpus luteum then the placenta
-causes connective tissue of symphysis pubis to be more moveable and cervix to
soften
-inhibits uterine activity
human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) -produced by placenta
-affects glucose and protein metabolism
-helps balance effects of estrogen by increasing stimulation of pancreas and
increasing insulin
circulatory changes during pregnancy -CO increases by 30-50%
-hematocrit decreases to 0.33 (anemia)
-40-50% increase in blood volume (around 24-32 weeks)
-increased coagulation factors in 2nd and 3rd trimester
-supine hypotension
supine hypotension -when lying flat on back the uterus compresses the inferior vena cava
-also reduced blood return to heart
-can lead to fetal hypoxia
-symptoms = faintness, lightheadedness, dizziness, agitation
-turning to left side relives pressure
frequency of prenatal visits -conception to 28 weeks (every 4 weeks)
-29 to 36 weeks (every 2 to 3 weeks)
-37 weeks to birth (weekly)
fetal heart rate monitoring 6 movements in 2 hours after 26 weeks gestation
isoimmunization -Rh positive blood from baby leaks into the Rh negative mother's circulation
-results in body producing antibodies that destroy Rh positive erythrocytes
-requires RHoGAM given to mother at 28 weeks and within 72 hours of birth
-coombs test done in early pregnancy can determine if Rh positive
CORRECT Answers
antenatal care care provided for a mother and her baby before the birth of the baby
gravida -number of times someone has been pregnant
-includes pregnancies that did not result in birth
-includes the current pregnancy
-twins and triplets counted as one
para -number of pregnancies that reached 20 weeks gestation
-includes pregnancies that did not result in birth
gestational age age as measured in weeks from the first day of the mother's last menstrual cycle
age of viability -age the baby can survive outside the womb
-usually around 22-24 weejs
presumptive signs of pregnancy -missed menstrual period
-breast tenderness
-fatigue/drowsiness
-N/V
-unexplained weight gain
positive signs of pregnancy -ultrasound visualization of fetus (around 8-12 weeks)
-fetal movement detected by examiner
-audible fetal heartbeat detected by examiner
term birth number of babies born at term (longer than 37 weeks)
preterm births -number of babies born after 20 but before 37 weeks of gestation
-includes alive and still births
abortion pregnancies aborted before 20 weeks of gestation
estimated date of birth (EDB) -identify the first day of the last menstrual period
-add 7 days
-count forward 9 months
chadwick sign bluish discoloration of cervix that occurs normally in pregnancy at 6 to 8 weeks'
gestation
goodell sign -softening of the cervix
-a probable sign of pregnancy, occurring during the second month
, hormone changes during pregnancy -human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
-estrogen
-progesterone
-relaxin
-human chorionic somatomammotropin
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) -produced in early pregnancy by fertilized ovum and chorionic vili
-stimulates progesterone and estrogen release by corpus luteum
estrogen -produced first by corpus luteum (until day 14) then by placenta
-enlarges uterus, breasts, and genitals
-promotes fat deposit changes
-relaxes pelvic ligaments
-decreases ability of pancreas to produce insulin (mindful of gestational diabetes)
progesterone -produced first by the corpus luteum (until day 14) then by placenta
-maintains endometrium
-inhibits oxytocin and uterine contraction
-prepares breasts for lactation
relaxin -produced first by corpus luteum then the placenta
-causes connective tissue of symphysis pubis to be more moveable and cervix to
soften
-inhibits uterine activity
human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) -produced by placenta
-affects glucose and protein metabolism
-helps balance effects of estrogen by increasing stimulation of pancreas and
increasing insulin
circulatory changes during pregnancy -CO increases by 30-50%
-hematocrit decreases to 0.33 (anemia)
-40-50% increase in blood volume (around 24-32 weeks)
-increased coagulation factors in 2nd and 3rd trimester
-supine hypotension
supine hypotension -when lying flat on back the uterus compresses the inferior vena cava
-also reduced blood return to heart
-can lead to fetal hypoxia
-symptoms = faintness, lightheadedness, dizziness, agitation
-turning to left side relives pressure
frequency of prenatal visits -conception to 28 weeks (every 4 weeks)
-29 to 36 weeks (every 2 to 3 weeks)
-37 weeks to birth (weekly)
fetal heart rate monitoring 6 movements in 2 hours after 26 weeks gestation
isoimmunization -Rh positive blood from baby leaks into the Rh negative mother's circulation
-results in body producing antibodies that destroy Rh positive erythrocytes
-requires RHoGAM given to mother at 28 weeks and within 72 hours of birth
-coombs test done in early pregnancy can determine if Rh positive
