z
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TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT & C
z z z z z z z
LINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN PRIMARYCARE 6TH EDITION DA
z z z z z z
INS ISBN: 9780323594554 z z
This Test Bank is Directly from The Publisher H
z z z z z z z z
as All Chapters With 100% Correct Answers INS
z z z z z z z
TANT DOWNLOAD z
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
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Test Bank for Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care 6th E
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
dition Dains z
Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-Based Practice, and Symptom Analysis
z z z z z z z z z z
Multiple Choice
z
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Whichztypezofzclinicalzdecision-makingziszmostzreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
2. Whichzofzthezfollowingziszfalse?zTozobtainzadequatezhistory,zhealth-carezproviderszmustzbe:
A. Methodicalzandzsystematic
B. Attentiveztozthezpatient’szverbalzandznonverbalzlanguage
C. Ableztozaccuratelyzinterpretzthezpatient’szresponses
D. Adeptzatzreadingzintozthezpatient’szstatements
3. Essentialzpartszofzazhealthzhistoryzincludezallzofzthezfollowingzexcept:
A. Chiefzcomplaint
B. Historyzofzthezpresentzillness
C. Currentzvitalzsigns
D. Allzofzthezabovezarezessentialzhistoryzcomponents
4. Whichzofzthezfollowingziszfalse?zWhilezperformingzthezphysicalzexamination,zthezexaminerzmustzbezablezto:
A. Differentiatezbetweenznormalzandzabnormalzfindings
B. Recallzknowledgezofzazrangezofzconditionszandztheirzassociatedzsignszandzsymptoms
C. Recognizezhowzcertainzconditionszaffectzthezresponseztozotherzconditions
D. Foreseezunpredictablez findings
5. Thezfollowingziszthezleastzreliablezsourcezofzinformationzforzdiagnosticzstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedz investigations
B. Primaryzreportszofzresearch
C. Estimationzbasedzonzazprovider’szexperience
D. Publishedz meta-analyses
6. Thezfollowingzcanzbezusedztozassistzinzsoundzclinicalzdecision-making:
A. Algorithmzpublishedzinzazpeer-reviewedzjournalzarticle
B. Clinicalzpracticezguidelines
C. Evidence-basedz research
D. Allzofzthezabove
7. Ifzazdiagnosticzstudyzhaszhighzsensitivity,z thiszindicatesza:
A. Highzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult
B. Lowzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult
C. Lowzlikelihoodzofznormalzresultzinzpersonszwithoutzazgivenzcondition
D. Nonezofzthezabove
8. Ifzazdiagnosticzstudyzhaszhighzspecificity,zthiszindicatesza:
A. Lowzpercentagezofzhealthyzindividualszwillzshowzaznormalzresult
B. Highzpercentagezofzhealthyzindividualszwillzshowzaznormalzresult
C. Highzpercentagezofzindividualszwithzazdisorderzwillzshowzaznormalzresult
D. Lowzpercentagezofzindividualszwithzazdisorderzwillzshowzanzabnormalzresult
9. Azlikelihoodzratiozabovez1zindicateszthatzazdiagnosticztestzshowingza:
A. Positivezresultziszstronglyzassociatedzwithzthezdisease
B. Negativezresultziszstronglyzassociatedzwithzabsencezofzthezdisease
C. Positivezresultziszweaklyzassociatedzwithzthezdisease
D. Negativezresultziszweaklyzassociatedzwithzabsencezofzthezdisease
10. Whichzofzthezfollowingzclinicalzreasoningztoolsziszdefinedzaszevidence-
basedzresourcezbasedzonzmathematicalzmodelingztozexpresszthezlikelihoodzofzazconditionzinzselectzsituations,zsettings,zand/orzpatien
ts?
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
A. Clinicalzpracticezguideline
B. Clinicalzdecisionzrule
C. Clinicalzalgorithm
Chapter 1: Clinical reasoning, differential diagnosis, evidence-based practice, and symptom ana
z z z z z z z z z z
Answer Section
z
MULTIPLEzCHOICE
1. ANS: B
Croskerryz(2009)zdescribesztwozmajorztypeszofzclinicalzdiagnosticzdecision-making:zintuitivezandzanalytical.zIntuitivezdecision-
zmakingz(similarztozAugenblinkzdecision-
making)ziszbasedzonzthezexperiencezandzintuitionzofzthezclinicianzandziszlesszreliablezandzpairedzwithzfairlyzcommonzerrors.zInzcontra
st,zanalyticalzdecision-makingziszbasedzonzcarefulzconsiderationzandzhaszgreaterzreliabilityzwithzrarezerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
Tozobtainzadequatezhistory,zproviderszmustzbezwellzorganized,zattentiveztozthezpatient’szverbalzandznonverbalzlanguage,zandzableztoz
accuratelyzinterpretzthezpatient’szresponsesztozquestions.zRatherzthanzreadingzintozthezpatient’szstatements,ztheyzclarifyzanyzareaszofz
uncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vitalzsignszarezpartzofzthezphysicalzexaminationzportionzofzpatientzassessment,znotzpartzofzthezhealthzhistory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
Whilezperformingzthezphysicalzexamination,zthezexaminerzmustzbezableztozdifferentiatezbetweenznormalzandzabnormalzfindings,zreca
llzknowledgezofzazrangezofzconditions,zincludingztheirzassociatedzsignszandzsymptoms,zrecognizezhowzcertainzconditionszaffectzthezres
ponseztozotherzconditions,zandzdistinguishzthezrelevancezofzvariedzabnormalzfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sourceszforzdiagnosticzstatisticszincludeztextbooks,zprimaryzreportszofzresearch,zandzpublishedzmeta-
analyses.zAnotherzsourcezofzstatistics,zthezonezthatzhaszbeenzmostzwidelyzusedzandzavailablezforzapplicationztozthezreasoningzprocess,z
iszthezestimationzbasedzonzazprovider’szexperience,zalthoughzthesezarezrarelyzaccurate.zOverzthezpastzdecade,zthezavailabilityzofzevid
encezonzwhichztozbasezclinicalzreasoningziszimproving,z andzthereziszanzincreasingzexpectationzthatzclinicalzreasoningzbezbasedzonzsci
entificzevidence.
Evidence-basedzstatisticszarez alsozincreasinglyzbeingzusedztozdevelopz resourcesztozfacilitatez clinicalz decision-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
Tozassistzinzclinicalzdecision-making,zaznumberzofzevidence-
basedzresourceszhavezbeenzdevelopedztozassistzthezclinician.zResources,zsuchzaszalgorithmszandzclinicalzpracticezguidelines,zassistzin
zclinicalzreasoningzwhenzproperlyzapplied.
PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
Thezsensitivityzofzazdiagnosticzstudyziszthezpercentagezofzindividualszwithztheztargetzconditionzwhozshowzanzabnormal,zorz positive,zres
ult.zAzhighzsensitivityzindicateszthatzazgreaterzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
Thezspecificityzofzazdiagnosticzstudyziszthezpercentagezofznormal,zhealthyzindividualszwhozhavezaznormalzresult.zThezgreaterzthezspec
ificity,zthezgreaterzthezpercentagezofzindividualszwhozwillzhaveznegative,zorznormal,zresultszifztheyzdoznotzhaveztheztargetzcondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
Thezlikelihoodzratioziszthezprobabilityzthatzazpositiveztestzresultzwillzbezassociatedzwithzazpersonzwhozhasztheztargetzconditionzandzazneg
ativezresultzwillzbezassociatedzwithzazhealthyzperson.zAzlikelihoodzratiozabovez1zindicateszthatzazpositivezresultziszassociatedzwithzthez
disease;zazlikelihoodzratiozlesszthanz1zindicateszthatzaznegativezresultziszassociatedzwithzanzabsencezofzthezdisease.
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinicalzdecisionz(orzprediction)zruleszprovidezanotherzsupportzforzclinicalzreasoning.zClinicalzdecisionzruleszarezevidence-
basedzresourceszthatzprovidezprobabilisticzstatementszregardingzthezlikelihoodzthatzazconditionzexistszifzcertainzvariableszarezmetzwit
hzregardztozthezprognosiszofzpatientszwithzspecificzfindings.zDecisionzruleszusezmathematicalzmodelszandzarezspecificztozcertainzsitu
ations,zsettings,zand/orzpatientzcharacteristics.
PTS: 1
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT & C
z z z z z z z
LINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN PRIMARYCARE 6TH EDITION DA
z z z z z z
INS ISBN: 9780323594554 z z
This Test Bank is Directly from The Publisher H
z z z z z z z z
as All Chapters With 100% Correct Answers INS
z z z z z z z
TANT DOWNLOAD z
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
Test Bank for Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care 6th E
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
dition Dains z
Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-Based Practice, and Symptom Analysis
z z z z z z z z z z
Multiple Choice
z
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Whichztypezofzclinicalzdecision-makingziszmostzreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
2. Whichzofzthezfollowingziszfalse?zTozobtainzadequatezhistory,zhealth-carezproviderszmustzbe:
A. Methodicalzandzsystematic
B. Attentiveztozthezpatient’szverbalzandznonverbalzlanguage
C. Ableztozaccuratelyzinterpretzthezpatient’szresponses
D. Adeptzatzreadingzintozthezpatient’szstatements
3. Essentialzpartszofzazhealthzhistoryzincludezallzofzthezfollowingzexcept:
A. Chiefzcomplaint
B. Historyzofzthezpresentzillness
C. Currentzvitalzsigns
D. Allzofzthezabovezarezessentialzhistoryzcomponents
4. Whichzofzthezfollowingziszfalse?zWhilezperformingzthezphysicalzexamination,zthezexaminerzmustzbezablezto:
A. Differentiatezbetweenznormalzandzabnormalzfindings
B. Recallzknowledgezofzazrangezofzconditionszandztheirzassociatedzsignszandzsymptoms
C. Recognizezhowzcertainzconditionszaffectzthezresponseztozotherzconditions
D. Foreseezunpredictablez findings
5. Thezfollowingziszthezleastzreliablezsourcezofzinformationzforzdiagnosticzstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedz investigations
B. Primaryzreportszofzresearch
C. Estimationzbasedzonzazprovider’szexperience
D. Publishedz meta-analyses
6. Thezfollowingzcanzbezusedztozassistzinzsoundzclinicalzdecision-making:
A. Algorithmzpublishedzinzazpeer-reviewedzjournalzarticle
B. Clinicalzpracticezguidelines
C. Evidence-basedz research
D. Allzofzthezabove
7. Ifzazdiagnosticzstudyzhaszhighzsensitivity,z thiszindicatesza:
A. Highzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult
B. Lowzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult
C. Lowzlikelihoodzofznormalzresultzinzpersonszwithoutzazgivenzcondition
D. Nonezofzthezabove
8. Ifzazdiagnosticzstudyzhaszhighzspecificity,zthiszindicatesza:
A. Lowzpercentagezofzhealthyzindividualszwillzshowzaznormalzresult
B. Highzpercentagezofzhealthyzindividualszwillzshowzaznormalzresult
C. Highzpercentagezofzindividualszwithzazdisorderzwillzshowzaznormalzresult
D. Lowzpercentagezofzindividualszwithzazdisorderzwillzshowzanzabnormalzresult
9. Azlikelihoodzratiozabovez1zindicateszthatzazdiagnosticztestzshowingza:
A. Positivezresultziszstronglyzassociatedzwithzthezdisease
B. Negativezresultziszstronglyzassociatedzwithzabsencezofzthezdisease
C. Positivezresultziszweaklyzassociatedzwithzthezdisease
D. Negativezresultziszweaklyzassociatedzwithzabsencezofzthezdisease
10. Whichzofzthezfollowingzclinicalzreasoningztoolsziszdefinedzaszevidence-
basedzresourcezbasedzonzmathematicalzmodelingztozexpresszthezlikelihoodzofzazconditionzinzselectzsituations,zsettings,zand/orzpatien
ts?
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
A. Clinicalzpracticezguideline
B. Clinicalzdecisionzrule
C. Clinicalzalgorithm
Chapter 1: Clinical reasoning, differential diagnosis, evidence-based practice, and symptom ana
z z z z z z z z z z
Answer Section
z
MULTIPLEzCHOICE
1. ANS: B
Croskerryz(2009)zdescribesztwozmajorztypeszofzclinicalzdiagnosticzdecision-making:zintuitivezandzanalytical.zIntuitivezdecision-
zmakingz(similarztozAugenblinkzdecision-
making)ziszbasedzonzthezexperiencezandzintuitionzofzthezclinicianzandziszlesszreliablezandzpairedzwithzfairlyzcommonzerrors.zInzcontra
st,zanalyticalzdecision-makingziszbasedzonzcarefulzconsiderationzandzhaszgreaterzreliabilityzwithzrarezerrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
Tozobtainzadequatezhistory,zproviderszmustzbezwellzorganized,zattentiveztozthezpatient’szverbalzandznonverbalzlanguage,zandzableztoz
accuratelyzinterpretzthezpatient’szresponsesztozquestions.zRatherzthanzreadingzintozthezpatient’szstatements,ztheyzclarifyzanyzareaszofz
uncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vitalzsignszarezpartzofzthezphysicalzexaminationzportionzofzpatientzassessment,znotzpartzofzthezhealthzhistory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
Whilezperformingzthezphysicalzexamination,zthezexaminerzmustzbezableztozdifferentiatezbetweenznormalzandzabnormalzfindings,zreca
llzknowledgezofzazrangezofzconditions,zincludingztheirzassociatedzsignszandzsymptoms,zrecognizezhowzcertainzconditionszaffectzthezres
ponseztozotherzconditions,zandzdistinguishzthezrelevancezofzvariedzabnormalzfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sourceszforzdiagnosticzstatisticszincludeztextbooks,zprimaryzreportszofzresearch,zandzpublishedzmeta-
analyses.zAnotherzsourcezofzstatistics,zthezonezthatzhaszbeenzmostzwidelyzusedzandzavailablezforzapplicationztozthezreasoningzprocess,z
iszthezestimationzbasedzonzazprovider’szexperience,zalthoughzthesezarezrarelyzaccurate.zOverzthezpastzdecade,zthezavailabilityzofzevid
encezonzwhichztozbasezclinicalzreasoningziszimproving,z andzthereziszanzincreasingzexpectationzthatzclinicalzreasoningzbezbasedzonzsci
entificzevidence.
Evidence-basedzstatisticszarez alsozincreasinglyzbeingzusedztozdevelopz resourcesztozfacilitatez clinicalz decision-making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
Tozassistzinzclinicalzdecision-making,zaznumberzofzevidence-
basedzresourceszhavezbeenzdevelopedztozassistzthezclinician.zResources,zsuchzaszalgorithmszandzclinicalzpracticezguidelines,zassistzin
zclinicalzreasoningzwhenzproperlyzapplied.
PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
Thezsensitivityzofzazdiagnosticzstudyziszthezpercentagezofzindividualszwithztheztargetzconditionzwhozshowzanzabnormal,zorz positive,zres
ult.zAzhighzsensitivityzindicateszthatzazgreaterzpercentagezofzpersonszwithzthezgivenzconditionzwillzhavezanzabnormalzresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
Thezspecificityzofzazdiagnosticzstudyziszthezpercentagezofznormal,zhealthyzindividualszwhozhavezaznormalzresult.zThezgreaterzthezspec
ificity,zthezgreaterzthezpercentagezofzindividualszwhozwillzhaveznegative,zorznormal,zresultszifztheyzdoznotzhaveztheztargetzcondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
Thezlikelihoodzratioziszthezprobabilityzthatzazpositiveztestzresultzwillzbezassociatedzwithzazpersonzwhozhasztheztargetzconditionzandzazneg
ativezresultzwillzbezassociatedzwithzazhealthyzperson.zAzlikelihoodzratiozabovez1zindicateszthatzazpositivezresultziszassociatedzwithzthez
disease;zazlikelihoodzratiozlesszthanz1zindicateszthatzaznegativezresultziszassociatedzwithzanzabsencezofzthezdisease.
, z
lOMoARcPSD| 126 567
z 13
PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinicalzdecisionz(orzprediction)zruleszprovidezanotherzsupportzforzclinicalzreasoning.zClinicalzdecisionzruleszarezevidence-
basedzresourceszthatzprovidezprobabilisticzstatementszregardingzthezlikelihoodzthatzazconditionzexistszifzcertainzvariableszarezmetzwit
hzregardztozthezprognosiszofzpatientszwithzspecificzfindings.zDecisionzruleszusezmathematicalzmodelszandzarezspecificztozcertainzsitu
ations,zsettings,zand/orzpatientzcharacteristics.
PTS: 1
