NURS 405 - Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
)
The nurse is reviewing a new prescription for propranolol 3
(Inderal) for a patient with coronary heart disease (CHD). Class II beta-blockers such as propranolol are used to reduce heart rate and
The nurse should call the physician and question this myocardial contractility and in the treatment of supraventricular
prescription if the patient's history includes what tachycardia. These drugs may cause bronchospasm and are contraindicated
information? for patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or
other restrictive or obstructive lung diseases. Antioxidants and simvastatin
1. taking antioxidants may be taken concurrently with propranolol. Bleeding disorders are not
2. taking simvastatin (Zocor) associated with propranolol use.
3. asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)
4. bleeding disorders
The nurse is reviewing an electrocardiogram (ECG) 3
rhythm strip. The P waves and QRS complexes are All the measurements are within normal limits. The PR and QRS
regular. The PR interval is 0.16 second and QRS measurements are normal, measuring 0.12 to 0.20 second and 0.06 to 0.10
complexes measure 0.06 second. The overall heart rate is second respectively. There is not enough information to determine if the
64 beats/minute. What should the nurse interpret these patient is experiencing sick sinus syndrome or first-degree heart block.
findings as indicating? Bradycardia is a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute.
1. sinus bradycardia
2. sick sinus syndrome
3. normal heart function
4. first-degree heart block
,The patient's ECG shows the following characteristics: PR 2
interval .08, QRS .08, and isoelectric ST segment. The The PR interval is normally 0.12 second (up to 0.24 second is considered
nurse realizes that these characteristics indicate which normal in patients over age 65). PR intervals greater than 0.20 second
finding? indicate a delay in conduction from the SA note to the ventricles. The
normal duration of a QRS complex is from 0.06 to 0.10 second. QRS
1. faster than normal conduction from the SA node to the complexes greater than 0.10 second indicate delays in transmitting the
ventricles, faster than normal conduction through the impulse through the ventricular conduction system. The ST segment, the
ventricles, and normal ST segment period from the end of the ARS complex to the beginning of the T wave,
2. faster than normal conduction from the SA node to the should be isoelectric. The ST segment, the period from the end of the ARS
ventricles, normal conduction through the ventricles, and
complex to the beginning of the T wave, should be isoelectric.
normal ST segment
3. normal conduction from the SA node to the ventricles,
normal conduction through the ventricles, and normal ST
segment
4. normal conduction from the SA node to the ventricles,
normal conduction through the ventricles, and abnormal
ST segment
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the heart with a 1.
patient scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What
should the nurse explain as the primary factor that Blood flow through the coronary arteries is primarily regulated by the aortic
regulates blood flow through the coronary arteries? blood pressure. Blood vessel dilation is a secondary factor that regulates
1. blood pressure in the aorta blood flow through the coronary arteries. The systemic circulation is a high-
2. blood vessel dilation pressure circulation system. Draining of blood into the coronary sinus by
3. low-pressure systemic circulation the coronary veins does not regulate blood flow through the coronary
4. draining of blood into the coronary sinus by the arteries.
coronary veins
The nurse is explaining cardiac reserve to a patient 2
recovering from a myocardial infarction. Which example
should the nurse use to explain this term? The heart's ability to respond to the body's changing need for cardiac
output is called cardiac reserve. Increasing the pace of walking would place
1. breathing in through the nose and out the mouth while demand on the heart to increase blood flow. The other actions do not place
sitting quietly demand on the heart and therefore do not illustrate cardiac reserve.
2. getting on a treadmill and gradually increasing the
pace of walking
3. sitting in a chair to cool down after completing an
exercise routine
4. at the end of systole, approximately 50 mL of blood
remaining in the ventricles
, Question 7 3
Type: MCSA
A patient being evaluated for cardiac pathology asks the Action potentials of the cardiac muscle involve shifts in potassium, calcium,
nurse why sodium, calcium, and potassium are so and sodium across the cell membrane. There is not enough data to justify a
important in the diet. What is the nurse's best response? response about potassium supplements. Oxygen molecules attach to the
hemoglobin molecule, not electrolytes. The pacemaker is responsible for
1. "Because you are on potassium supplements, it is the heartbeat, but this response does not address the patient's question.
important to monitor electrolytes."
2. "Heart rate is affected by the oxygen levels in your
body, which involves the attachment of oxygen
molecules to these electrolytes."
3. "The action potentials of the heart muscle cells are
dependent on the diffusion of sodium, potassium, and
calcium across the cell membrane."
4. "It is the pacemaker of your heart that is responsible for
the heartbeat."
The nurse is planning to calculate a patient's cardiac 1
index (CI). What physical assessment data does the nurse Cardiac index (CI) is the cardiac output adjusted for body size or body
need to make this calculation? surface area. Body surface area is calculated using height and weight
1. weight and height measurements. The waist measurement is not needed to calculate CI.
2. weight only
3. weight and waist measurement
4. waist measurement and height
When auscultating the chest of a 75-year-old patient who 4
recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), the
nurse hears an S3 heart sound immediately following S2. A pathologic S3 (a third heart sound that immediately follows S2, called a
Because of this finding, the nurse should assess for which ventricular gallop) results from myocardial failure and ventricular volume
other condition? overload such as heart failure. Manifestations of MI extension include chest
1. extension of the MI pain and a return of positive laboratory findings (CPK-MB and troponin).
2. renal failure This heart sound is not associated with renal or liver failure.
3. liver failure
4. heart failure
cardiac output is the stroke volume x the number of heart beats a minute
A patient is scheduled for a pericardiocentesis. Which 4
health problem is the patient likely experiencing? In the case of cardiac tamponade, pericardiocentesis is considered an
1. slow heart rhythm emergency procedure. It is done to remove fluid from the pericardial sac,
2. chest pain which is preventing the heart from pumping blood effectively. This
3. suspected damage to a heart valve procedure would not be recommended for patients with chest pain, slow
4. cardiac tamponade heart rhythm, or suspected damage to a heart valve.
The patient is being evaluated for left atrium thrombus 1.
due to a dysrhythmia. Which diagnostic test should the Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows visualization of the left
nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? atrium for thrombus. Pericardiocentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from
1. transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) the pericardial sac. Cardiac catheterization is used to identify coronary
2. pericardiocentesis artery disease (CAD) or valve disease, measure pulmonary artery or heart
3. cardiac catheterization chamber pressures, obtain a biopsy, evaluate artificial valves, or perform
4. computed tomography (CT) angioplasty or stent an area in the coronary arteries. A computed
tomography (CT) scan can show calcium deposits in coronary arteries.
Answers
)
The nurse is reviewing a new prescription for propranolol 3
(Inderal) for a patient with coronary heart disease (CHD). Class II beta-blockers such as propranolol are used to reduce heart rate and
The nurse should call the physician and question this myocardial contractility and in the treatment of supraventricular
prescription if the patient's history includes what tachycardia. These drugs may cause bronchospasm and are contraindicated
information? for patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or
other restrictive or obstructive lung diseases. Antioxidants and simvastatin
1. taking antioxidants may be taken concurrently with propranolol. Bleeding disorders are not
2. taking simvastatin (Zocor) associated with propranolol use.
3. asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)
4. bleeding disorders
The nurse is reviewing an electrocardiogram (ECG) 3
rhythm strip. The P waves and QRS complexes are All the measurements are within normal limits. The PR and QRS
regular. The PR interval is 0.16 second and QRS measurements are normal, measuring 0.12 to 0.20 second and 0.06 to 0.10
complexes measure 0.06 second. The overall heart rate is second respectively. There is not enough information to determine if the
64 beats/minute. What should the nurse interpret these patient is experiencing sick sinus syndrome or first-degree heart block.
findings as indicating? Bradycardia is a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute.
1. sinus bradycardia
2. sick sinus syndrome
3. normal heart function
4. first-degree heart block
,The patient's ECG shows the following characteristics: PR 2
interval .08, QRS .08, and isoelectric ST segment. The The PR interval is normally 0.12 second (up to 0.24 second is considered
nurse realizes that these characteristics indicate which normal in patients over age 65). PR intervals greater than 0.20 second
finding? indicate a delay in conduction from the SA note to the ventricles. The
normal duration of a QRS complex is from 0.06 to 0.10 second. QRS
1. faster than normal conduction from the SA node to the complexes greater than 0.10 second indicate delays in transmitting the
ventricles, faster than normal conduction through the impulse through the ventricular conduction system. The ST segment, the
ventricles, and normal ST segment period from the end of the ARS complex to the beginning of the T wave,
2. faster than normal conduction from the SA node to the should be isoelectric. The ST segment, the period from the end of the ARS
ventricles, normal conduction through the ventricles, and
complex to the beginning of the T wave, should be isoelectric.
normal ST segment
3. normal conduction from the SA node to the ventricles,
normal conduction through the ventricles, and normal ST
segment
4. normal conduction from the SA node to the ventricles,
normal conduction through the ventricles, and abnormal
ST segment
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the heart with a 1.
patient scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What
should the nurse explain as the primary factor that Blood flow through the coronary arteries is primarily regulated by the aortic
regulates blood flow through the coronary arteries? blood pressure. Blood vessel dilation is a secondary factor that regulates
1. blood pressure in the aorta blood flow through the coronary arteries. The systemic circulation is a high-
2. blood vessel dilation pressure circulation system. Draining of blood into the coronary sinus by
3. low-pressure systemic circulation the coronary veins does not regulate blood flow through the coronary
4. draining of blood into the coronary sinus by the arteries.
coronary veins
The nurse is explaining cardiac reserve to a patient 2
recovering from a myocardial infarction. Which example
should the nurse use to explain this term? The heart's ability to respond to the body's changing need for cardiac
output is called cardiac reserve. Increasing the pace of walking would place
1. breathing in through the nose and out the mouth while demand on the heart to increase blood flow. The other actions do not place
sitting quietly demand on the heart and therefore do not illustrate cardiac reserve.
2. getting on a treadmill and gradually increasing the
pace of walking
3. sitting in a chair to cool down after completing an
exercise routine
4. at the end of systole, approximately 50 mL of blood
remaining in the ventricles
, Question 7 3
Type: MCSA
A patient being evaluated for cardiac pathology asks the Action potentials of the cardiac muscle involve shifts in potassium, calcium,
nurse why sodium, calcium, and potassium are so and sodium across the cell membrane. There is not enough data to justify a
important in the diet. What is the nurse's best response? response about potassium supplements. Oxygen molecules attach to the
hemoglobin molecule, not electrolytes. The pacemaker is responsible for
1. "Because you are on potassium supplements, it is the heartbeat, but this response does not address the patient's question.
important to monitor electrolytes."
2. "Heart rate is affected by the oxygen levels in your
body, which involves the attachment of oxygen
molecules to these electrolytes."
3. "The action potentials of the heart muscle cells are
dependent on the diffusion of sodium, potassium, and
calcium across the cell membrane."
4. "It is the pacemaker of your heart that is responsible for
the heartbeat."
The nurse is planning to calculate a patient's cardiac 1
index (CI). What physical assessment data does the nurse Cardiac index (CI) is the cardiac output adjusted for body size or body
need to make this calculation? surface area. Body surface area is calculated using height and weight
1. weight and height measurements. The waist measurement is not needed to calculate CI.
2. weight only
3. weight and waist measurement
4. waist measurement and height
When auscultating the chest of a 75-year-old patient who 4
recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), the
nurse hears an S3 heart sound immediately following S2. A pathologic S3 (a third heart sound that immediately follows S2, called a
Because of this finding, the nurse should assess for which ventricular gallop) results from myocardial failure and ventricular volume
other condition? overload such as heart failure. Manifestations of MI extension include chest
1. extension of the MI pain and a return of positive laboratory findings (CPK-MB and troponin).
2. renal failure This heart sound is not associated with renal or liver failure.
3. liver failure
4. heart failure
cardiac output is the stroke volume x the number of heart beats a minute
A patient is scheduled for a pericardiocentesis. Which 4
health problem is the patient likely experiencing? In the case of cardiac tamponade, pericardiocentesis is considered an
1. slow heart rhythm emergency procedure. It is done to remove fluid from the pericardial sac,
2. chest pain which is preventing the heart from pumping blood effectively. This
3. suspected damage to a heart valve procedure would not be recommended for patients with chest pain, slow
4. cardiac tamponade heart rhythm, or suspected damage to a heart valve.
The patient is being evaluated for left atrium thrombus 1.
due to a dysrhythmia. Which diagnostic test should the Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows visualization of the left
nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? atrium for thrombus. Pericardiocentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from
1. transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) the pericardial sac. Cardiac catheterization is used to identify coronary
2. pericardiocentesis artery disease (CAD) or valve disease, measure pulmonary artery or heart
3. cardiac catheterization chamber pressures, obtain a biopsy, evaluate artificial valves, or perform
4. computed tomography (CT) angioplasty or stent an area in the coronary arteries. A computed
tomography (CT) scan can show calcium deposits in coronary arteries.
