Biology 2260 exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Albumen Protein presented in animal and plant physiology fluids and tissues.
arrhythmia irregular heartbeat
atrioventricular valves This valve type closes during ventricular systole and prevents backflow of blood
into the atrium.
P In an EKG, this peak describes when the atrial depolarize and contract.
Anemia Either the percentage of erythrocytes is lower than normal or the oxygen-
carrying capacity is reduced.
adenylate cyclase converts ATP to cAMP
Amplification The strengthening of stimulus energy during transduction.
Antibody a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen.
Antigen A toxin that stimulates an immune response in the body.
Bilirubin Yellowish pigment in bile
bicuspid valve valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Bradycardia slow heart rate
biogenic amines Neurotransmitters derived from amino acids
Bound hormone a hormone attached to a transport protein
Blood Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Basophil 0.5-1% of leukocytes. Bilobed nucleus.
Blood smear Reveals the components of formed elements.
Buffy coat white blood cells and platelets
Carrier protein A membrane protein, specifically a transport protein, that holds onto molecules
and changes their shapes in a way that shuttles them across the membrane.
cardiac output The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute.
, cardiac reserve difference between resting and maximal CO
chordae tendineae thin bands of fibrous tissue that attach to the valves in the heart and prevent them
from inverting
chronotropic agents factors that change heart rate
coronary sinus enlarged vessel on the posterior aspect of the heart that empties blood into the
right atrium
cortex outer region of an organ. Release of hormones controlled by ACTH.
Diastole Relaxation of the heart
down regulation target cells lose receptors in response to the hormone
edema swelling
epicardium outer layer of the heart
endocardium inner lining of the heart
Eicosanoids biologically active compounds that regulate body functions
Eosinophil white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic
reactions.
Erthryocyte red blood cell
Erthropoietin (EPO) hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by
bone marrow.
first messenger Initiates events by binding to receptor
fibrillation chaotic, irregular contractions of the heart, as in atrial or ventricular fibrillation
fibrin protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
Fibrogen plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
formed elements erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
Glucocorticoids hormones that regulate blood sugar
Gonadocorticoids sex hormones
CORRECT Answers
Albumen Protein presented in animal and plant physiology fluids and tissues.
arrhythmia irregular heartbeat
atrioventricular valves This valve type closes during ventricular systole and prevents backflow of blood
into the atrium.
P In an EKG, this peak describes when the atrial depolarize and contract.
Anemia Either the percentage of erythrocytes is lower than normal or the oxygen-
carrying capacity is reduced.
adenylate cyclase converts ATP to cAMP
Amplification The strengthening of stimulus energy during transduction.
Antibody a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen.
Antigen A toxin that stimulates an immune response in the body.
Bilirubin Yellowish pigment in bile
bicuspid valve valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Bradycardia slow heart rate
biogenic amines Neurotransmitters derived from amino acids
Bound hormone a hormone attached to a transport protein
Blood Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Basophil 0.5-1% of leukocytes. Bilobed nucleus.
Blood smear Reveals the components of formed elements.
Buffy coat white blood cells and platelets
Carrier protein A membrane protein, specifically a transport protein, that holds onto molecules
and changes their shapes in a way that shuttles them across the membrane.
cardiac output The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute.
, cardiac reserve difference between resting and maximal CO
chordae tendineae thin bands of fibrous tissue that attach to the valves in the heart and prevent them
from inverting
chronotropic agents factors that change heart rate
coronary sinus enlarged vessel on the posterior aspect of the heart that empties blood into the
right atrium
cortex outer region of an organ. Release of hormones controlled by ACTH.
Diastole Relaxation of the heart
down regulation target cells lose receptors in response to the hormone
edema swelling
epicardium outer layer of the heart
endocardium inner lining of the heart
Eicosanoids biologically active compounds that regulate body functions
Eosinophil white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic
reactions.
Erthryocyte red blood cell
Erthropoietin (EPO) hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by
bone marrow.
first messenger Initiates events by binding to receptor
fibrillation chaotic, irregular contractions of the heart, as in atrial or ventricular fibrillation
fibrin protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
Fibrogen plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
formed elements erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
Glucocorticoids hormones that regulate blood sugar
Gonadocorticoids sex hormones
