MCCANCE & HUETHER’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE RESPONSES
GRADED A+
◉ unipolar. Answer: neurons have one process that branches shortly
after leaving the cell body.
◉ pseudounipolar Answer: neurons that have one process that has
its dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and its axon
portion projecting into the CNS
-typical of sensory neurons in cranial and spinal nerves
◉ bipolar Answer: neurons that have two distinct processes arising
from the cell body; example: neuron connecting rod and cone cells of
the retina
◉ multipolar Answer: neurons that are the most common and have
multiple dendrites and a single axon; example: most motor neurons
◉ sensory Answer: neurons that carry im,pulses from peripheral
sensory receptors to the CNS
, ◉ interneurons Answer: transmit impulses from neuron to neuron
and are also involved in cognitive function
◉ motor Answer: neurons that transmit impulses away from the
CNS to an effector organ
◉ neuroglia Answer: most numerous type of CNS cell
◉ astrocyte Answer: a neuroglial cell that fills spaces between
neurons and surrounds blood vessels in the CNS
◉ oligodendrocyte Answer: a neuroglial cell that functions to
deposit myelin within the CNS; the CNS counterpart of the Schwann
cells
◉ ependymal Answer: neuroglial cell that lines the CSF-filled
cavities in the CNS
◉ microglia Answer: remove debris through phagocytosis in the CNS
◉ Schwann cell Answer: a glial cell that wraps around and covers
axons in the PNS. Forms and maintains the myelin sheath
TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE RESPONSES
GRADED A+
◉ unipolar. Answer: neurons have one process that branches shortly
after leaving the cell body.
◉ pseudounipolar Answer: neurons that have one process that has
its dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and its axon
portion projecting into the CNS
-typical of sensory neurons in cranial and spinal nerves
◉ bipolar Answer: neurons that have two distinct processes arising
from the cell body; example: neuron connecting rod and cone cells of
the retina
◉ multipolar Answer: neurons that are the most common and have
multiple dendrites and a single axon; example: most motor neurons
◉ sensory Answer: neurons that carry im,pulses from peripheral
sensory receptors to the CNS
, ◉ interneurons Answer: transmit impulses from neuron to neuron
and are also involved in cognitive function
◉ motor Answer: neurons that transmit impulses away from the
CNS to an effector organ
◉ neuroglia Answer: most numerous type of CNS cell
◉ astrocyte Answer: a neuroglial cell that fills spaces between
neurons and surrounds blood vessels in the CNS
◉ oligodendrocyte Answer: a neuroglial cell that functions to
deposit myelin within the CNS; the CNS counterpart of the Schwann
cells
◉ ependymal Answer: neuroglial cell that lines the CSF-filled
cavities in the CNS
◉ microglia Answer: remove debris through phagocytosis in the CNS
◉ Schwann cell Answer: a glial cell that wraps around and covers
axons in the PNS. Forms and maintains the myelin sheath
