Data Analytics Final Exam Questions
and All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Three advanced data analytics techniques - Answer decision trees
clustering
association rules
Decision trees - Answer Type of classification method to determine membership of cases or
values of an outcome variable based on one or more predictor variables
What predicts whether a company will go bankrupt?
(using different variables to predict)
How likely is it going to rain tomorrow?
Outcome variable is categorical
In a real situation, the decision tree software has to deal with instances where - Answer The
same set of predictors resulting in different outcomes
Multiple paths result in the same outcome
Not every combination of predictors is in the training set
Clustering - Answer Used to determine distinct groups of data
Based on data across multiple dimensions
Uses:
-customer segmentation
-identifying patient care groups
-performance of business sectors
1. define variables
2. install and load packages
3. read csv data
4. preprocressing data
-remove missing data
,-normalizing
-remove outliers
5. cluster analysis
-comparing different solutions with number of clusters
-running cluster analysis with given number of clusters
-interpreting the results
Can we group our website visitors into types based on their online behaviors?
Can we identify different product markets based on customer demographics
Association rules - Answer Find out which events predict the occurrence of other events
Often used to see which products are bought together
Express relationships between itemsets
Uses:
-what products are bought together?
-Amazon's recommendation engine
-telephone calling patterns
-Facebook: who you may know
-where to place items on grocery store shelves
aka:
affinity analysis
market basket analysis
when someone gets an A in this class, what other classes do they get an A in?
(same type of things to predict others)
If someone upgrades to an iPhone, do they also buy a new case?
(similar products, compliment each other)
Advanced data analytics - Answer the examination of data or content using sophisticated
techniques and tools, to discover deeper insights, make predictions, or generate
reccomendations
Goals:
1. extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data
, 2. exploration and analysis of large data sets to discover meaningful patterns
3. prediction of future events based on historical data
NOT:
-sales analysis
-profitability analysis
-sales force analysis
How does advanced data analytics differ from OLAP analysis? - Answer OLAP can tell you
what is happening, or what has happened
Summary of what happened in the past
-pivot tables
-sum
-avg
-min
-max
-time trend
Whatever can be done using pivot tables is NOT data analytics
Advanced data analytics can tell you why it is happening, and help predict what will happen
-r
-decision trees
-clustering
-association rules
R - Answer Software development platform that allows for anyone to create special
modules(addons), and programming language
Open source, free
Many, many statistical add-on "packages" that perform data analysis
-the base/ engine
-don't need to touch
variable assignment
and All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Three advanced data analytics techniques - Answer decision trees
clustering
association rules
Decision trees - Answer Type of classification method to determine membership of cases or
values of an outcome variable based on one or more predictor variables
What predicts whether a company will go bankrupt?
(using different variables to predict)
How likely is it going to rain tomorrow?
Outcome variable is categorical
In a real situation, the decision tree software has to deal with instances where - Answer The
same set of predictors resulting in different outcomes
Multiple paths result in the same outcome
Not every combination of predictors is in the training set
Clustering - Answer Used to determine distinct groups of data
Based on data across multiple dimensions
Uses:
-customer segmentation
-identifying patient care groups
-performance of business sectors
1. define variables
2. install and load packages
3. read csv data
4. preprocressing data
-remove missing data
,-normalizing
-remove outliers
5. cluster analysis
-comparing different solutions with number of clusters
-running cluster analysis with given number of clusters
-interpreting the results
Can we group our website visitors into types based on their online behaviors?
Can we identify different product markets based on customer demographics
Association rules - Answer Find out which events predict the occurrence of other events
Often used to see which products are bought together
Express relationships between itemsets
Uses:
-what products are bought together?
-Amazon's recommendation engine
-telephone calling patterns
-Facebook: who you may know
-where to place items on grocery store shelves
aka:
affinity analysis
market basket analysis
when someone gets an A in this class, what other classes do they get an A in?
(same type of things to predict others)
If someone upgrades to an iPhone, do they also buy a new case?
(similar products, compliment each other)
Advanced data analytics - Answer the examination of data or content using sophisticated
techniques and tools, to discover deeper insights, make predictions, or generate
reccomendations
Goals:
1. extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data
, 2. exploration and analysis of large data sets to discover meaningful patterns
3. prediction of future events based on historical data
NOT:
-sales analysis
-profitability analysis
-sales force analysis
How does advanced data analytics differ from OLAP analysis? - Answer OLAP can tell you
what is happening, or what has happened
Summary of what happened in the past
-pivot tables
-sum
-avg
-min
-max
-time trend
Whatever can be done using pivot tables is NOT data analytics
Advanced data analytics can tell you why it is happening, and help predict what will happen
-r
-decision trees
-clustering
-association rules
R - Answer Software development platform that allows for anyone to create special
modules(addons), and programming language
Open source, free
Many, many statistical add-on "packages" that perform data analysis
-the base/ engine
-don't need to touch
variable assignment
