NUR 1020 Final Exam 2026 (Fundamentals of Nursing) – Pharmacology, Electrolytes, ABGs & Clinical Skills | 250 Questions and Answers

This document contains approximately 250 comprehensive exam-style questions and expert-verified answers for the NUR 1020 Final Exam 2026. The content spans foundational nursing concepts including objective vs. subjective assessment, focused health assessment, H.E.L.P patient observation model, standard and transmission-based precautions, donning and doffing PPE, and documentation principles. It also integrates detailed cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic, endocrine, renal, and musculoskeletal review material, including vital sign abnormalities, stroke types (ischemic vs. hemorrhagic), Glasgow Coma Scale scoring, gait patterns (2-point, 3-point, 4-point), wound healing stages, pressure ulcer staging, and oxygen delivery systems. A major focus of the guide is pharmacology and electrolyte management. It thoroughly reviews diuretics (loop, thiazide, potassium-sparing), ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, bronchodilators, insulin types (rapid, regular, NPH), anticoagulant considerations, and medication safety principles including the Five Rights of drug administration and peak vs. trough levels. Extensive electrolyte and acid-base content includes normal lab ranges (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphorus), signs and symptoms of hypo/hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypermagnesemia, metabolic acidosis and alkalosis, respiratory acidosis and alkalosis, ABG interpretation, and IV fluid classifications (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic). The document also addresses diabetes management (HbA1c, DKA, hypoglycemia treatment), pain assessment using PQRST, urinary incontinence types, catheter positioning, enteral feeding, enema types, sleep cycles (NREM/REM), palliative vs. hospice care, opioid and NSAID side effects, biguanides (metformin), and legal/ethical concepts such as torts, negligence, malpractice, assault and battery, and incident reporting. The structured Q&A format allows for rapid recall practice, comprehensive systems review, and efficient final exam preparation across multiple nursing domains. This document is particularly relevant for students enrolled in: NUR 1020 Fundamentals of Nursing Medical-Surgical Nursing I Nursing Pharmacology Pathophysiology for Nursing Adult Health Nursing It is ideal for: Pre-licensure ADN and BSN students preparing for cumulative final exams Nursing students reviewing pharmacology and electrolyte management Learners strengthening ABG interpretation and IV fluid knowledge Students preparing for NCLEX-style comprehensive testing Nursing students seeking structured high-yield review material The content aligns closely with core undergraduate nursing textbooks such as Fundamentals of Nursing by Potter & Perry and Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems, commonly adopted in nursing programs. Keywords: NUR 1020 Final Exam 2026, fundamentals of nursing final, nursing pharmacology exam review, electrolyte imbalances nursing, ABG interpretation nursing, acid base balance nursing, diuretics nursing considerations, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, beta blockers nursing, calcium channel blockers, insulin types nursing, DKA signs and treatment, hypoglycemia management nursing, stroke nursing assessment, wound healing stages nursing, pressure ulcer staging, IV fluid types isotonic hypotonic hypertonic, Glasgow Coma Scale scoring, Five rights of medication administration, NCLEX style nursing questions