POLESTAR PILATES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

POLESTAR PILATES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. A force couple is defined as: - ANSWER -Muscles working together to create increased stiffness, strength or acceleration Muscular slings are important because they: - ANSWER -Work synergistically together with the fascial system to optimize movement and performance Neutral spine is defined as: - ANSWER -Position of the spine in which every joint is held in an optimal position to allow for equal distribution of force through the entire structure Panjabi defines the "neutral zone" as - ANSWER -A measure of spinal laxity in the vicinity of the neutral position Which muscle provides greater than 2/3 of the stiffness around the L4-5 segment? - ANSWER -multifidus One aspect of Core Control is - ANSWER -The appropriate strength for the desired movement Deep intersegmental muscles of the spine: - ANSWER -Have up to 6 times more muscle spindle fibers than their superficial counterparts How does segmental movement in a safe range of motion help clients - ANSWER -By "waking up" local stabilizers and inhibiting global stabilizers Faulty organization - ANSWER -inappropriate stiffness for anticipated load - neuro excitation- over-recruitment of global muscles, over anticipation of load -neuro inhibition- pain inhibition of intrinsic muscles, reciprocal inhibition caused by over-recruitment of antagonist -Excessive stiffness vs. excessive movement (genetic predisposition, habitual patterns, compensatory patterns) How can clients acquire new or correct movement? - ANSWER -By improving awareness and then practicing the new skill with that heightened awareness According to research, which subgroups with low back pain were most likely to benefit from a Pilates-Based exercise program? - ANSWER -Individuals who: are overweight, have a high BMI, have pain that does not go below the knee, and have pain localized in the lumbar spine According to the lecture the quote "Distribution of Movement Equals Distribution of Force" means: - ANSWER -Segmental movement decreases stress and force that often causes low back pain Cervical joint characteristics - ANSWER -greatest ROM in all planes 50% of cervical ROM from OA and AA Coronal orientation of facets facets at approximately 45 degrees Thoracic joint characteristics - ANSWER -smallest ROM in all planes greatest movement in rotation (transverse) least mobement in lateral flexion coronal orientation of facets facets at approximately 60 degrees lumbar joint characteristics - ANSWER -designed for WB most movement in flexion/extension (sagital) least movement in rotation (transverse) sagital orientation facets at approximately 90 degrees upper thoracic movement pattern - ANSWER -T1-T7: Rotflex/ext SB lower thoracic movement pattern - ANSWER -T8-T12: Flex/EXt SB cervical movement pattern C3-C7 - ANSWER -Rotflex/ext SB cervical movement pattern C1-C2 - ANSWER -50% of motion- flex/ext and rot Fryette's Law says that: - ANSWER -When the slack of a spinal segment is taken up in one direction of movement, there will be less available movement in other planes of movement muscles of inhalation - ANSWER -diaphragm external intercostals the sternocleidomastoid in the neck, and the scaleni, and some of the other small strap muscles muscles of exhalation - ANSWER -abdominals internal intercostals pelvic floor muscles OA joint movement - ANSWER -Flexion/extension and lateral flexion AA joint movement - ANSWER -rotation congruency - ANSWER -Maintaining optimal surface contact at the articulation between boney surfaces of the joint hypermobility - ANSWER -Excessive range of motion with dynamic control when flexing the shoulder the scapular should - ANSWER -Upwardly rotate biomechanics of head neck and shoulder organization - ANSWER -we started having congestion in those Mu Points, or that we had some problems with our lung, gallbladder and some of those meridians before and we lost our posture. That is not what is important right now. What is important is that to restore the normal function is to improve our