1
Study Guide
Respiratory Emergencies
,Adequate Breathing
• No obvious distress
• Full sentences
• Color
• Mental status
• Oriented
• Rate, rhythm, quality
- Adult 12-20 - Child 15-30
- Infant 25-50
• Breath sounds are present an equal
Inadequate Breathing
• Unable to support life
• Brady or tachy
• Irregular rhythm
• Diminished or absent lung sounds
• Poor tidal volume
Inadequate breathing in pediatrics
• Nasal flaring
• Grunting
• Seesaw respirations
• Retractions
Pediatric Airway
• Smaller and cone shaped
Tongue takes up more of the airway
Trachea is more flexible
Cricoid cartilage is the narrowest part
Diaphragm
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• EMT MOD Exam 1 Study Guide Respiratory Emergencies
, Dyspnea
• Patient perception
• Labored or difficulty breathing
• Perception may not reflect condition
Observation
• Mental status
• Unusual anatomy - Barrel chest
- Clubbing
• Positioning - Tripod
- Sniffing
- Feet dangling
- Leaning forward
• Work of breathing - Retractions
- Flared nostrils
- Pursed lips
- Number of words patients can say per sentence
• Skin color
• Pedal edema
• Sacral edema
• Coughing
Vitals
• Changes in pulse
Changes in respiratory rate
Changes in rhythm
Blood pressure ranges
Oxygen saturation
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