2026 IATEST UPDATE DOWNLOAD
NUR 254 EXAM 4 REVIEW (Hematology and Oncology) EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND WELL REVISED ANSWERS - LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
Q1. A 10-year-old with type 1 diabetes reports sweating, tremors, and confusion. First
intervention:
A. Give oral glucose if child is conscious
B. Administer insulin
C. Call provider only
D. Encourage exercise
Answer: A. Give oral glucose if child is conscious
Rationale: Hypoglycemia is an emergency. If the child is conscious and can swallow, oral
glucose corrects low blood sugar quickly.
Q2. True or False: Long-term poorly controlled type 1 diabetes can cause microvascular
complications.
Answer: True
Rationale: Chronic hyperglycemia damages small blood vessels (retinopathy, nephropathy,
neuropathy).
Q3. A child with diabetic ketoacidosis should have:
A. IV fluids, insulin, electrolyte replacement
B. Oral glucose only
C. High-fat diet
D. Restrict fluids
Answer: A. IV fluids, insulin, electrolyte replacement
Rationale: Corrects dehydration, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalances.
Q4. True or False: Children with hypothyroidism may have delayed growth, fatigue, and dry
skin.
Answer: True
Rationale: Thyroid hormone deficiency slows metabolism and growth.
,2026 IATEST UPDATE DOWNLOAD
Q5. A child with hyperthyroidism may present with:
A. Tachycardia, weight loss, irritability
B. Bradycardia and fatigue
C. Edema and hypotension
D. Constipation and lethargy
Answer: A. Tachycardia, weight loss, irritability
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism and sympathetic activity.
Q6. True or False: Growth hormone deficiency is treated with daily injections.
Answer: True
Rationale: Hormone replacement supports normal growth patterns.
Q7. A child with Addison’s disease presents with hypotension and hyperpigmentation. Priority
intervention:
A. Administer corticosteroids
B. Restrict fluids
C. Give diuretics
D. Encourage rest
Answer: A. Administer corticosteroids
Rationale: Hormone replacement is lifesaving in adrenal insufficiency.
Q8. True or False: Children receiving long-term corticosteroids are at risk for hyperglycemia and
immunosuppression.
Answer: True
Rationale: Corticosteroids affect glucose metabolism and immune response.
Q9. The earliest sign of hypoglycemia in children is:
A. Irritability
B. Seizure
C. Coma
D. Cyanosis
Answer: A. Irritability
Rationale: Early adrenergic symptoms appear before severe neuroglycopenic signs.
, 2026 IATEST UPDATE DOWNLOAD
Q10. True or False: Insulin should never be skipped in children with type 1 diabetes, even if ill.
Answer: True
Rationale: Omission can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Q11. A child with dehydration from gastroenteritis should receive:
A. Oral rehydration solution
B. High-sugar fluids
C. Carbonated beverages
D. Solid foods immediately
Answer: A. Oral rehydration solution
Rationale: Safely replaces fluid and electrolytes lost in diarrhea/vomiting.
Q12. True or False: Infants are at higher risk for rapid dehydration.
Answer: True
Rationale: Their body water composition and limited reserves increase vulnerability.
Q13. A 6-month-old with pyloric stenosis presents with projectile vomiting. Priority action:
A. Assess hydration and start IV fluids
B. Start solid feeding immediately
C. Give antacids
D. Encourage breastfeeding only
Answer: A. Assess hydration and start IV fluids
Rationale: Correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances before surgery.
Q14. True or False: Hirschsprung disease causes chronic constipation and abdominal distention.
Answer: True
Rationale: Lack of enteric ganglion cells impairs peristalsis.
Q15. A child with celiac disease should avoid:
A. Wheat, barley, rye
B. Rice and corn
NUR 254 EXAM 4 REVIEW (Hematology and Oncology) EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND WELL REVISED ANSWERS - LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
Q1. A 10-year-old with type 1 diabetes reports sweating, tremors, and confusion. First
intervention:
A. Give oral glucose if child is conscious
B. Administer insulin
C. Call provider only
D. Encourage exercise
Answer: A. Give oral glucose if child is conscious
Rationale: Hypoglycemia is an emergency. If the child is conscious and can swallow, oral
glucose corrects low blood sugar quickly.
Q2. True or False: Long-term poorly controlled type 1 diabetes can cause microvascular
complications.
Answer: True
Rationale: Chronic hyperglycemia damages small blood vessels (retinopathy, nephropathy,
neuropathy).
Q3. A child with diabetic ketoacidosis should have:
A. IV fluids, insulin, electrolyte replacement
B. Oral glucose only
C. High-fat diet
D. Restrict fluids
Answer: A. IV fluids, insulin, electrolyte replacement
Rationale: Corrects dehydration, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalances.
Q4. True or False: Children with hypothyroidism may have delayed growth, fatigue, and dry
skin.
Answer: True
Rationale: Thyroid hormone deficiency slows metabolism and growth.
,2026 IATEST UPDATE DOWNLOAD
Q5. A child with hyperthyroidism may present with:
A. Tachycardia, weight loss, irritability
B. Bradycardia and fatigue
C. Edema and hypotension
D. Constipation and lethargy
Answer: A. Tachycardia, weight loss, irritability
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism and sympathetic activity.
Q6. True or False: Growth hormone deficiency is treated with daily injections.
Answer: True
Rationale: Hormone replacement supports normal growth patterns.
Q7. A child with Addison’s disease presents with hypotension and hyperpigmentation. Priority
intervention:
A. Administer corticosteroids
B. Restrict fluids
C. Give diuretics
D. Encourage rest
Answer: A. Administer corticosteroids
Rationale: Hormone replacement is lifesaving in adrenal insufficiency.
Q8. True or False: Children receiving long-term corticosteroids are at risk for hyperglycemia and
immunosuppression.
Answer: True
Rationale: Corticosteroids affect glucose metabolism and immune response.
Q9. The earliest sign of hypoglycemia in children is:
A. Irritability
B. Seizure
C. Coma
D. Cyanosis
Answer: A. Irritability
Rationale: Early adrenergic symptoms appear before severe neuroglycopenic signs.
, 2026 IATEST UPDATE DOWNLOAD
Q10. True or False: Insulin should never be skipped in children with type 1 diabetes, even if ill.
Answer: True
Rationale: Omission can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Q11. A child with dehydration from gastroenteritis should receive:
A. Oral rehydration solution
B. High-sugar fluids
C. Carbonated beverages
D. Solid foods immediately
Answer: A. Oral rehydration solution
Rationale: Safely replaces fluid and electrolytes lost in diarrhea/vomiting.
Q12. True or False: Infants are at higher risk for rapid dehydration.
Answer: True
Rationale: Their body water composition and limited reserves increase vulnerability.
Q13. A 6-month-old with pyloric stenosis presents with projectile vomiting. Priority action:
A. Assess hydration and start IV fluids
B. Start solid feeding immediately
C. Give antacids
D. Encourage breastfeeding only
Answer: A. Assess hydration and start IV fluids
Rationale: Correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances before surgery.
Q14. True or False: Hirschsprung disease causes chronic constipation and abdominal distention.
Answer: True
Rationale: Lack of enteric ganglion cells impairs peristalsis.
Q15. A child with celiac disease should avoid:
A. Wheat, barley, rye
B. Rice and corn
