SHS 250 FINAL EXAM KNOWLEDGE
CHECKS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH FULL SOLUTIONS, GUARANTEED
A+, UPDATED 2026
Q: T/F: As an SLP, you would rely upon articulatory phonetics to teach
someone how to produce a sound. ANSWER: True. ✔✔
Why: Articulatory phonetics focuses on the physical placement of the
speech organs (tongue, lips, jaw). To correct a sound, an SLP must explain
exactly where the "articulators" need to go.
Q: T/F: A child who uses "w" instead of an "r" (e.g., "wabbit" instead of
"rabbit") is an example of a distortion. ANSWER: False. (Substitution). ✔✔
The "SODA" Classification:
o Substitution: One sound is replaced by another (e.g., /w/ for /r/).
o Omission: A sound is left out (e.g., "at" for "cat").
o Distortion: The correct sound is attempted but produced "off-target"
(e.g., a slushy or lateral /s/).
o Addition: An extra sound is added (e.g., "buhlue" for "blue").
Q: T/F: Kit and cat are minimal pairs. ANSWER: True. ✔✔
Definition: Minimal pairs are words that differ by only one phoneme,
which changes the meaning. In this case, the vowels /ɪ/ and /æ/ are the
distinguishing factors.
Q: A symbol which allows you to indicate fine detail in a transcription is
called a: ANSWER: Diacritic (or Diacritics). ✔✔
, Usage: Diacritics are small marks added to IPA symbols to show specific
nuances, such as nasalization, dentalization, or aspiration.
Q: T/F: The IPA’s main principle is that there are multiple symbols for one
sound so that transcribers have options. ANSWER: False. ✔✔
The Real Principle: The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is based on
a one-to-one relationship. There is exactly one symbol for one sound,
regardless of how a word is spelled in a specific language. This ensures
universal accuracy across all languages.
Phonology -ANSWER✔✔The speech sound patterns in language
Semantics -ANSWER✔✔Meaning of words and sentences
Syntax -ANSWER✔✔The way words combine to form sentences
Phonetics -ANSWER✔✔speech sounds
Morphology -ANSWER✔✔The structure of words
Morpheme -ANSWER✔✔smallest unit of meaning
Phoneme -ANSWER✔✔The smallest unit of sound that can distinguish between
morphemes
Taxonomy -ANSWER✔✔Breaking a large thing down into smaller components
CHECKS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH FULL SOLUTIONS, GUARANTEED
A+, UPDATED 2026
Q: T/F: As an SLP, you would rely upon articulatory phonetics to teach
someone how to produce a sound. ANSWER: True. ✔✔
Why: Articulatory phonetics focuses on the physical placement of the
speech organs (tongue, lips, jaw). To correct a sound, an SLP must explain
exactly where the "articulators" need to go.
Q: T/F: A child who uses "w" instead of an "r" (e.g., "wabbit" instead of
"rabbit") is an example of a distortion. ANSWER: False. (Substitution). ✔✔
The "SODA" Classification:
o Substitution: One sound is replaced by another (e.g., /w/ for /r/).
o Omission: A sound is left out (e.g., "at" for "cat").
o Distortion: The correct sound is attempted but produced "off-target"
(e.g., a slushy or lateral /s/).
o Addition: An extra sound is added (e.g., "buhlue" for "blue").
Q: T/F: Kit and cat are minimal pairs. ANSWER: True. ✔✔
Definition: Minimal pairs are words that differ by only one phoneme,
which changes the meaning. In this case, the vowels /ɪ/ and /æ/ are the
distinguishing factors.
Q: A symbol which allows you to indicate fine detail in a transcription is
called a: ANSWER: Diacritic (or Diacritics). ✔✔
, Usage: Diacritics are small marks added to IPA symbols to show specific
nuances, such as nasalization, dentalization, or aspiration.
Q: T/F: The IPA’s main principle is that there are multiple symbols for one
sound so that transcribers have options. ANSWER: False. ✔✔
The Real Principle: The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is based on
a one-to-one relationship. There is exactly one symbol for one sound,
regardless of how a word is spelled in a specific language. This ensures
universal accuracy across all languages.
Phonology -ANSWER✔✔The speech sound patterns in language
Semantics -ANSWER✔✔Meaning of words and sentences
Syntax -ANSWER✔✔The way words combine to form sentences
Phonetics -ANSWER✔✔speech sounds
Morphology -ANSWER✔✔The structure of words
Morpheme -ANSWER✔✔smallest unit of meaning
Phoneme -ANSWER✔✔The smallest unit of sound that can distinguish between
morphemes
Taxonomy -ANSWER✔✔Breaking a large thing down into smaller components
