Test Bank For Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives Third Edition by Theresa Capriotti, Chapters 1-46, Complete Guide A+

i.zIntroductoryConcepts and Clinical Perspectives, 2nd .zi i.z i.z i.z i.z




Edition,TheresaCapriott .zi .zi




Chapter1,TheCellinHealthand Illness 1x 1x




MultipleChoice
Identify thechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementor answersthequestion.
1 x 1x




1 x 1. Whichstatement regardingthesodium–potassiumpumpiscorrect?
i.z 1x x
1




1. Thecell’splasmamembraneismoresolubletosodiumionsthanpotassiumions.
x
1 1x x
1 1x x
1 x
1 1x




2. Theconcentrationofsodiumionsshouldbehigherinsidethecellcompartment. 1x 1x x
1 1x x
1




3. Theconcentrationofpotassium ionsshouldbehigheroutsidethecell x
1 x
1 1x x
1




compartment.
1x




4. Theactivetransportinvolvespumping outthree sodium ionsandpumpingintwo i 1x 1x 1x x
1 x
1




potassiumions.
1x 1x




2. Intheabsenceofoxygen,whichcellularfunction createsthesameamountofenergyas is
x
1 x
1 1x 1x 1x x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 i1 x




created in the presence of oxygen?
1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x




1. Dissipationofpyruvic acid .zi




2. Initiationofthe citricacidcycle 1 x x
1




3. Activationofacetyl-coenzymeA
4. Creationofacidosisvialactic acid x
1 1x




3. Howmanyadenosinetriphosphates(ATPs)areproducedinaerobicenergymetabolism? .zi




1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53

4. Whichcellorganellesdifferintheirnumberaccordingtothecell’senergyneeds?
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria

, 3. Ribonucleicacids .zi




4. Deoxyribonucleic acids 1 x




5. 1 x Whichoptionbest supports the reasonmore energyisproducedwhenapersonisexercising? i1 x i1x 1x 1x x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Exercisecausesanincreasein thesynthesis ofprotein. 1 x 1x




2. Thereisanincreaseintheproductionofpyruvicacidinthecells.
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 1x




3. Theconversionofpyruvicacidtolactic acidisincreasedbyexercise. x
1 1x x
1 i 1x x
1 x
1 x
1




4. Musclecells havemoremitochondria tomeet energydemands. i1 x x
1 1x i1 x x
1




6. When does ribosomal proteinsynthesiscease?
1 x .zi i.z 1x x
1




1. Duringendoplasmicreticulumstress
2. Duringthesynthesisofadenosinetriphosphate(ATP)
3. Duringaseverehypoxicstate
4. Duringtheprocessing ofprohormone 1x




7. 1 x Whichcellularorganellesareresponsibleforpropellingmucusandinhaleddebrisoutofthelungs?
1 x x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles
4. Endoplasmicreticula

8. 1 x 1 x Whicharethekeyproteinsin thecontractileunits ofthemusclecells? x
1 1x 1x x
1




1. Actinandmyosin
2. Prohormoneandtubulin
3. Tubulinandactin x
1




4. Myosinandprohormone x
1




9. WhichdeficiencycausesTay–Sachsdisease? .zi




1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes 1x




1 x 10. 1 x 1 x Whichisa characteristic ofadrenoleukodystrophy?
1x i1x




1. Accumulationofganglioside
2. Cessationofribosomalproteinsynthesis
3. Accelerationofcellularproteasomeactivity
4. Accumulationoflong-chainfattyacidsinthenervoussystem i.z




1 x 11. Whichstatementregardingendoplasmicreticulum(ER)stressiscorrect?
1 x .zi




1. DuringERstress,proteinsarerapidlydegraded.
2. DuringERstress,lipids cannot traveltotheirproperintracellularlocations. i1 x i.z 1x x
1




3. DuringERstress,long-chainfattyacidsaccumulateinthe nervoussystem. 1 x




4. DuringERstress,nondegradedsubstancesaccumulateinthecells.
.zi

,12. Aclient isdiagnosedwithtype1diabetesmellitus.Atacellularlevel,whichfunctionis likelyto be
1x x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 i1x 1x




involved?
1x




1. Inabilityofribosomestoproduceaspecifictypeofprotein
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




2. Incorrect processingofaproteinbytheGolgiapparatus
i 1x x
1 1x x
1 x
1




3. Stagnationofapreviouslydynamicactioninmicrotubules x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




4. Obstructionofthesmoothendoplasmicreticulum x
1 x
1 x
1




13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
1x 1x x
1 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x x
1 1x




componentis examinedtodeterminethecauseandprobability of thediseasebeing genetically
1x 1x 1x 1x 1x




transferred?
1x




1. TransferRNA
2. RibosomalRNA
3. Doublehelix ofDNA 1x




4. Mitochondrial DNA 1x




14. Ahiker experiencesmusclepainandacidosiswhileascendingamountain duringa long,steep
1x x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 1x 1x




climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x




1. Cellularhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema

, 15. WhichfactorprovidesDNAtheuniquemolecularabilitytoreplicate?
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Thepairingofnitrogenousbases x
1 x
1




2. Thepresenceofpyrimidinebases x
1 x
1




3. Thepresenceofnucleotides x
1 x
1




4. Thenitrogenousbaseand phosphatebond x
1




16. Howmanynitrogenousbasescomposeasinglecodon?
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5

17. WhichcomponentsformthestructureofDNA?
x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Nucleotides
2. Aminoacids
3. Fattyacids x
1




4. Phosphates

18. Whichfactor is essentialin orderfor protein synthesis tooccur?
1x 1x 1x x
1 1x x
1 1x 1x 1x x
1




1. Free-standingribosomeswithinthe cell .zi 1x




2. ProteinblueprintfromthecelloftheDNA x
1 x
1 x
1 x
1




3. Specific information fromthenucleusofthecell
i.z 1 x




4. TransferRNA tomovetheproteinout of thecell i.z 1x 1x




19. Tetracyclineantibioticisprescribedforanadultclient with chlamydiainfection.Whichisthe .zi .z .z 1x




mechanism of action of the drug?
1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x




1. Itpreventsthereplicationofbacteria.
2. Italterstheconfigurationofbacterialcytoplasm. .zi




3. Itinterfereswiththefunctionofbacterialribosomes. 1x x
1




4. Itinhibitsthefunctions ofbacterialmitochondria.
x
1 1x




20. Wheredoestheconversionofaprohormoneintoahormone take place?
x
1 x
1 1x i 1x




1. Intheribosomes
x
1 x
1




2. IntheGolgiapparatus
x
1 x
1




3. Inthesecretorygranules
4. Intheendoplasmic reticulum
x
1 1x




21. Whichisthecell’s“mastermind”?
x
1 x
1 x
1




1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgiapparatus
4. Endoplasmicreticulum