,TESTBANK FOR Environmental Science 17th Edition
by G. Tyler Miller
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
1. A major argument against environmental laws is that they hinder economic growth.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. Ecology is an important component of environmental science.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
3. Sustainability refers to the ability of the earth’s natural system and human cultural systems to survive,
thrive, and adapt to changing environmental conditions well into the future.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. Ecosystem services have no economic value.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. Natural resources are considered natural capital, whereas ecosystem services are not.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. Exponential growth occurs when a quantity such as the human population increases at a certain rate
over a specified unit of time, such as 0.5% or 2% per year.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Government subsidies can hide the true environmental costs of doing business.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
8. In contrast to the life-centered worldview, the human-centered environmental worldview considers all
species as having value as participating members of the biosphere regardless of their potential or actual
use to humans.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
9. Biomimicry prioritizes the use of technology to restore natural capital and reduce its degradation and
depletion.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
10. Resource use per person is higher in the United States than it is in middle-income countries like
China.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. The book Silent Spring, by Rachel Carson, described progress in reducing pollution and showed that
pesticides like DDT were no longer a concern due to effective environmental programs.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
12. An ecosystem that is biologically diverse has a greater chance of surviving a change in the
environment, such as a drought.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
13. Inexhaustible resources exist in a fixed quantity, or stock, in the earth’s crust.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. One social science principle of sustainability is that we should leave the planet’s life-support systems
in at least as good a condition as that which we now enjoy, if not better, for future generations.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
15. The tragedy of the commons is a phenomenon that occurs when governments specify a limit for
commonly used resources.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
16. Natural capital degradation is a consequence of living unsustainably.
a. True
b. False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
ANSWER: True
17. In nature, chemicals are recycled rather than becoming waste.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. The per capita ecological footprint is the total ecological footprint for a given country or area.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
19. The negative effects of affluence primarily come from decreased consumption.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
20. Private ownership is likely to be a good solution to prevent the tragedy of the commons.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
21. Which term best describes the overall processes provided by healthy ecosystems that support life and
human economies at no monetary cost to us?
a. biodiversity
b. chemical nutrient cycling
c. sustainable principles
d. natural resources
e. ecosystem services
ANSWER: e
22. The field of environmental science is considered interdisciplinary because it ____.
a. involves rigorous study of the environment
b. includes topics that are not explored in other disciplines
c. often assigns responsibility to those who cause environmental degradation
d. is rapidly evolving over time into a different form of science
e. incorporates work from the fields of biology, chemistry, geology, social sciences, and the
humanities
ANSWER: e
23. What is one of the three goals of environmental science, as proposed by your text?
a. promote political activism
b. understand how we interact with the environment
c. acquire a life-centered environmental worldview
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
d. enhance environmental degradation
e. reduce the use of technology
ANSWER: b
24. Which of the following is the term for the social movement dedicated to sustaining the earth’s life-
support system for all forms of life?
a. ecological engineering
b. environmental science
c. environmentalism
d. biodiversity management
e. sustainability studies
ANSWER: c
25. Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others listed?
a. natural capital
b. natural resources
c. ecosystem services
d. renewable resources
e. nonrenewable resources
ANSWER: a
26. Which of the following scenarios describe the use of a renewable resource?
a. mining of copper
b. using solar-powered lights
c. harvesting lumber from managed forests
d. using geothermal energy to heat homes
e. refining oil for use in transportation
ANSWER: c
27. You are installing solar collectors on the roof of your home to replace your propane gas heating
system. In using solar energy instead of energy from propane, you are using a(n) ____ resource rather
than a(n) ____ resource.
a. renewable; nonrenewable
b. inexhaustible; renewable
c. renewable; inexhaustible
d. nonrenewable; renewable
e. inexhaustible; nonrenewable
ANSWER: e
28. One reason biodiversity is such an important aspect of sustainability is that it ____.
a. maintains a ready supply of new materials for water, soil, and food
b. is the ultimate source of energy for plants
c. provides vital ecosystem services through the interactions among species and keeps any
population from growing too large
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
d. makes life less susceptible to constant adaptation and changing environmental conditions
e. increases ecotourism in less developed countries
ANSWER: c
29. Which process best illustrates an ecosystem service?
a. natural gas fracking
b. pollution cleanup
c. flood control
d. oil mining
e. soil erosion
ANSWER: c
30. The use of which political science principle is important in addressing environmental problems?
a. full-cost pricing
b. long-term planning
c. win–win solutions
d. ethical decision-making
e. environmentalism
ANSWER: c
31. Which of the following best describes the term ecological footprint?
a. total harmful environmental impact of humans
b. net effect of humans on the environment
c. ecological deficits caused by humans
d. human contribution to environmental sustainability
e. effect of an individual’s choices on the environment
ANSWER: a
32. Why is there such little waste in nature?
a. The sun is an inexhaustible resource.
b. Organisms naturally avoid activities that create unnecessary waste.
c. Nutrients must be recycled because Earth is a closed system.
d. Natural waste is highly dispersed throughout the environment and is therefore undetectable.
e. Waste naturally degrades.
ANSWER: c
33. Your text refers to the dependence on solar energy, biodiversity, and chemical cycling as three major
____.
a. resource guidelines
b. ecological footprints
c. environmental tenets
d. scientific principles of sustainability
e. preservationist goals
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
ANSWER: d
34. Which of the following is an ecosystem service that requires biodiversity the most?
a. water purification
b. climate control
c. population control
d. waste treatment
e. soil renewal
ANSWER: c
35. Which of the following resources is most susceptible to tragedy of the commons?
a. hydrothermal energy
b. solar energy
c. copper mine
d. natural lake
e. sugar plantation
ANSWER: d
36. According to the ____, all species have value as participating members of the biosphere, regardless of
their potential or actual use to humans.
a. human-centered environmental worldview
b. earth-centered environmental worldview
c. life-centered environmental worldview
d. sun-centered environmental worldview
e. geo-centered environmental worldview
ANSWER: c
37. Oil is a(n) ____.
a. nonrenewable resource because it cannot be formed on human time scales
b. renewable resource because it can be renewed through human processes
c. inexhaustible resource because it is a form of stored solar energy
d. ecosystem service because oil is a valuable commodity
e. renewable resource because it can be used to make fertilizers that restore soil fertility
ANSWER: a
38. Middle-income countries such as India and China may have low ____, but they have a high ____.
a. population size; population growth rate
b. overall environmental impact; population growth rate
c. population size; resource use per person
d. overall environmental impact; resource use per person
e. resource use per person; overall environmental impact
ANSWER: e
39. Which of the following principles of sustainability gives consumers more information about the
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
harmful environmental impact of products?
a. biodiversification
b. hidden appraisals
c. subsidizing
d. full-cost pricing
e. external valuations
ANSWER: d
40. About 17% of the world’s human population are from economically more-developed countries and
use about _____ of the earth’s natural resources.
a. 30%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 70%
e. 90%
ANSWER: d
41. In the environmental impact model called IPAT, in which of the following countries is population
likely to be the largest factor?
a. Canada
b. United States
c. The Netherlands
d. India
e. Australia
ANSWER: d
42. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between biocapacity and ecological
footprint?
a. Biocapacity is high in areas with large ecological footprints.
b. When the ecological footprint is larger than the biocapacity, the area is in ecological deficit.
c. When the ecological footprint is smaller than the biocapacity, the area is in ecological deficit.
d. When ecological footprints are small, biocapacity is also small.
e. Most economically more-developed countries’ biocapacity is larger than their ecological
footprints.
ANSWER: b
43. Which major cultural change was associated with the fastest growth in human population?
a. hunting and gathering
b. agricultural revolution
c. industrial-medical revolution
d. information-globalization revolution
e. sustainability revolution
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
44. Sustainable yield is the highest rate at which we can use a(n) ____ indefinitely without reducing its
available supply.
a. renewable resource
b. fossil fuel
c. solar energy
d. mineral resource
e. nonrenewable resource
ANSWER: a
45. The tragedy of the commons refers to the ____.
a. overuse of privately held resources
b. degradation of shared common resources
c. human deaths resulting polluted shared resources such as air or water
d. government over-regulation of freshwater use
e. use of nonrenewable resources
ANSWER: b
46. In many parts of the world, renewable forests are shrinking and topsoil is eroding. This fact is
evidence that ____.
a. all forms of technology increase environmental impacts
b. affluence has no impact on the health of the environment
c. point sources of pollution are easy to identify
d. the market prices of goods include the harmful environmental costs of producing them
e. we are living unsustainably
ANSWER: e
47. The term “ecological footprint” can best be described as the ____.
a. average size of the lot on which a family home is built
b. number of acres necessary to grow enough food to support a family
c. geographic area in which a person travels during the course of their average daily activities
d. amount of land and water needed to supply a population or an area with renewable resources
and to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use
e. amount of tillable agricultural land necessary to supply the food requirements of a nation
ANSWER: d
48. When a country’s ecological footprint is larger than its biological capacity to replenish its renewable
resources and absorb the resulting waste and pollution, what is likely true about this country?
a. It has an ecological deficit.
b. It must not have any natural capital.
c. It is a sustainable society.
d. It is most likely a developing country.
e. It can be described as preservationist.
ANSWER: a
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
by G. Tyler Miller
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
1. A major argument against environmental laws is that they hinder economic growth.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. Ecology is an important component of environmental science.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
3. Sustainability refers to the ability of the earth’s natural system and human cultural systems to survive,
thrive, and adapt to changing environmental conditions well into the future.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. Ecosystem services have no economic value.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. Natural resources are considered natural capital, whereas ecosystem services are not.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. Exponential growth occurs when a quantity such as the human population increases at a certain rate
over a specified unit of time, such as 0.5% or 2% per year.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Government subsidies can hide the true environmental costs of doing business.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
8. In contrast to the life-centered worldview, the human-centered environmental worldview considers all
species as having value as participating members of the biosphere regardless of their potential or actual
use to humans.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
9. Biomimicry prioritizes the use of technology to restore natural capital and reduce its degradation and
depletion.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
10. Resource use per person is higher in the United States than it is in middle-income countries like
China.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. The book Silent Spring, by Rachel Carson, described progress in reducing pollution and showed that
pesticides like DDT were no longer a concern due to effective environmental programs.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
12. An ecosystem that is biologically diverse has a greater chance of surviving a change in the
environment, such as a drought.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
13. Inexhaustible resources exist in a fixed quantity, or stock, in the earth’s crust.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. One social science principle of sustainability is that we should leave the planet’s life-support systems
in at least as good a condition as that which we now enjoy, if not better, for future generations.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
15. The tragedy of the commons is a phenomenon that occurs when governments specify a limit for
commonly used resources.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
16. Natural capital degradation is a consequence of living unsustainably.
a. True
b. False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
ANSWER: True
17. In nature, chemicals are recycled rather than becoming waste.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. The per capita ecological footprint is the total ecological footprint for a given country or area.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
19. The negative effects of affluence primarily come from decreased consumption.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
20. Private ownership is likely to be a good solution to prevent the tragedy of the commons.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
21. Which term best describes the overall processes provided by healthy ecosystems that support life and
human economies at no monetary cost to us?
a. biodiversity
b. chemical nutrient cycling
c. sustainable principles
d. natural resources
e. ecosystem services
ANSWER: e
22. The field of environmental science is considered interdisciplinary because it ____.
a. involves rigorous study of the environment
b. includes topics that are not explored in other disciplines
c. often assigns responsibility to those who cause environmental degradation
d. is rapidly evolving over time into a different form of science
e. incorporates work from the fields of biology, chemistry, geology, social sciences, and the
humanities
ANSWER: e
23. What is one of the three goals of environmental science, as proposed by your text?
a. promote political activism
b. understand how we interact with the environment
c. acquire a life-centered environmental worldview
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
d. enhance environmental degradation
e. reduce the use of technology
ANSWER: b
24. Which of the following is the term for the social movement dedicated to sustaining the earth’s life-
support system for all forms of life?
a. ecological engineering
b. environmental science
c. environmentalism
d. biodiversity management
e. sustainability studies
ANSWER: c
25. Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others listed?
a. natural capital
b. natural resources
c. ecosystem services
d. renewable resources
e. nonrenewable resources
ANSWER: a
26. Which of the following scenarios describe the use of a renewable resource?
a. mining of copper
b. using solar-powered lights
c. harvesting lumber from managed forests
d. using geothermal energy to heat homes
e. refining oil for use in transportation
ANSWER: c
27. You are installing solar collectors on the roof of your home to replace your propane gas heating
system. In using solar energy instead of energy from propane, you are using a(n) ____ resource rather
than a(n) ____ resource.
a. renewable; nonrenewable
b. inexhaustible; renewable
c. renewable; inexhaustible
d. nonrenewable; renewable
e. inexhaustible; nonrenewable
ANSWER: e
28. One reason biodiversity is such an important aspect of sustainability is that it ____.
a. maintains a ready supply of new materials for water, soil, and food
b. is the ultimate source of energy for plants
c. provides vital ecosystem services through the interactions among species and keeps any
population from growing too large
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
d. makes life less susceptible to constant adaptation and changing environmental conditions
e. increases ecotourism in less developed countries
ANSWER: c
29. Which process best illustrates an ecosystem service?
a. natural gas fracking
b. pollution cleanup
c. flood control
d. oil mining
e. soil erosion
ANSWER: c
30. The use of which political science principle is important in addressing environmental problems?
a. full-cost pricing
b. long-term planning
c. win–win solutions
d. ethical decision-making
e. environmentalism
ANSWER: c
31. Which of the following best describes the term ecological footprint?
a. total harmful environmental impact of humans
b. net effect of humans on the environment
c. ecological deficits caused by humans
d. human contribution to environmental sustainability
e. effect of an individual’s choices on the environment
ANSWER: a
32. Why is there such little waste in nature?
a. The sun is an inexhaustible resource.
b. Organisms naturally avoid activities that create unnecessary waste.
c. Nutrients must be recycled because Earth is a closed system.
d. Natural waste is highly dispersed throughout the environment and is therefore undetectable.
e. Waste naturally degrades.
ANSWER: c
33. Your text refers to the dependence on solar energy, biodiversity, and chemical cycling as three major
____.
a. resource guidelines
b. ecological footprints
c. environmental tenets
d. scientific principles of sustainability
e. preservationist goals
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
ANSWER: d
34. Which of the following is an ecosystem service that requires biodiversity the most?
a. water purification
b. climate control
c. population control
d. waste treatment
e. soil renewal
ANSWER: c
35. Which of the following resources is most susceptible to tragedy of the commons?
a. hydrothermal energy
b. solar energy
c. copper mine
d. natural lake
e. sugar plantation
ANSWER: d
36. According to the ____, all species have value as participating members of the biosphere, regardless of
their potential or actual use to humans.
a. human-centered environmental worldview
b. earth-centered environmental worldview
c. life-centered environmental worldview
d. sun-centered environmental worldview
e. geo-centered environmental worldview
ANSWER: c
37. Oil is a(n) ____.
a. nonrenewable resource because it cannot be formed on human time scales
b. renewable resource because it can be renewed through human processes
c. inexhaustible resource because it is a form of stored solar energy
d. ecosystem service because oil is a valuable commodity
e. renewable resource because it can be used to make fertilizers that restore soil fertility
ANSWER: a
38. Middle-income countries such as India and China may have low ____, but they have a high ____.
a. population size; population growth rate
b. overall environmental impact; population growth rate
c. population size; resource use per person
d. overall environmental impact; resource use per person
e. resource use per person; overall environmental impact
ANSWER: e
39. Which of the following principles of sustainability gives consumers more information about the
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
harmful environmental impact of products?
a. biodiversification
b. hidden appraisals
c. subsidizing
d. full-cost pricing
e. external valuations
ANSWER: d
40. About 17% of the world’s human population are from economically more-developed countries and
use about _____ of the earth’s natural resources.
a. 30%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 70%
e. 90%
ANSWER: d
41. In the environmental impact model called IPAT, in which of the following countries is population
likely to be the largest factor?
a. Canada
b. United States
c. The Netherlands
d. India
e. Australia
ANSWER: d
42. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between biocapacity and ecological
footprint?
a. Biocapacity is high in areas with large ecological footprints.
b. When the ecological footprint is larger than the biocapacity, the area is in ecological deficit.
c. When the ecological footprint is smaller than the biocapacity, the area is in ecological deficit.
d. When ecological footprints are small, biocapacity is also small.
e. Most economically more-developed countries’ biocapacity is larger than their ecological
footprints.
ANSWER: b
43. Which major cultural change was associated with the fastest growth in human population?
a. hunting and gathering
b. agricultural revolution
c. industrial-medical revolution
d. information-globalization revolution
e. sustainability revolution
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
44. Sustainable yield is the highest rate at which we can use a(n) ____ indefinitely without reducing its
available supply.
a. renewable resource
b. fossil fuel
c. solar energy
d. mineral resource
e. nonrenewable resource
ANSWER: a
45. The tragedy of the commons refers to the ____.
a. overuse of privately held resources
b. degradation of shared common resources
c. human deaths resulting polluted shared resources such as air or water
d. government over-regulation of freshwater use
e. use of nonrenewable resources
ANSWER: b
46. In many parts of the world, renewable forests are shrinking and topsoil is eroding. This fact is
evidence that ____.
a. all forms of technology increase environmental impacts
b. affluence has no impact on the health of the environment
c. point sources of pollution are easy to identify
d. the market prices of goods include the harmful environmental costs of producing them
e. we are living unsustainably
ANSWER: e
47. The term “ecological footprint” can best be described as the ____.
a. average size of the lot on which a family home is built
b. number of acres necessary to grow enough food to support a family
c. geographic area in which a person travels during the course of their average daily activities
d. amount of land and water needed to supply a population or an area with renewable resources
and to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use
e. amount of tillable agricultural land necessary to supply the food requirements of a nation
ANSWER: d
48. When a country’s ecological footprint is larger than its biological capacity to replenish its renewable
resources and absorb the resulting waste and pollution, what is likely true about this country?
a. It has an ecological deficit.
b. It must not have any natural capital.
c. It is a sustainable society.
d. It is most likely a developing country.
e. It can be described as preservationist.
ANSWER: a
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
