NURS 533 Test 1 with Questions and Verified Answers

NURS 533 Test 1 with Questions and Verified Answers 1. Which of the following is a true statement regarding nausea and vomiting? Patients with nausea and vomiting experience flushing, bradycardia, and dry mouth Stimulation of serotonin receptors found in the vestibular apparatus causes nausea and vomiting The chemoreceptor trigger zone is protected from blood-borne toxins by the blood−brain barrier making chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting rare Visceral vagal nerve fibers are rich in serotonin receptors and respond to GI distention and mucosal irritation, which contribute to nausea and vomiting ANSWER 1. Answer: D Option A: Incorrect. Nausea and vomiting are associated with pallor, tachycardia, and increased salivation. Option B: Incorrect. Nausea and vomiting, especially when associated with motion sickness, are due in part to stimulation of muscarinic receptors, not serotonin receptors, in the vestibular apparatus. Option C: Incorrect. The chemoreceptor trigger zone is accessible by both cerebrospinal fluid and blood, making it sensitive to blood-borne toxins such as chemotherapy agents that can cause nausea and vomiting. Option D: Correct. Visceral vagal nerve fibers are rich in serotonin receptors and result in nausea and vomiting in response to GI distention and mucosal irritation. 2. The adverse effects of scopolamine include: Salivation, diarrhea, insomnia Dry mouth, constipation, drowsiness Salivation, constipation, insomnia Dry mouth, diarrhea, drowsiness ANSWER 2. Answer: B Option A: Incorrect. Scopolamine does not cause salivation, diarrhea, or insomnia.