NURS 5315 RECOMMENDED REVIEW VERSION EXAM 2026 WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS

NURS 5315 RECOMMENDED REVIEW VERSION EXAM 2026 WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS Which pathway carries sensory information toward the central nervous system? Ascending Which type of axon transmits a nerve impulse at the highest rate? Large myelinated Which nerves are capable of regeneration? Myelinated nerves in the peripheral nervous system The neurotransmitter norepinephrine is secreted in the: Sympathetic postganglion Both oligodenroglia and Schwann cells share the ability to: Form a myelin sheath During a synapse, what change occurs after the neurotransmitter binds to the receptor? The permeability of the postsynaptic neuron changes; consequently its membrane potential is changed as well. What name is given to a large network of neurons within the brainstem that is essential for maintaining wakefulness? Reticular activating system Thought and goal-oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the brain? Prefrontal Lobe The region responsible for the motor aspects of speech is located in the: Broca area in the frontal lobe Parkinson and Huntington disease are conditions associated with defects in which area of the brain? Basal ganglia NURS 5315 NURS 5315 Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain? Hypothalamus The ability of the eyes to track moving objects through a visual field is primarily a function of which colliculi? Superior What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and behavioral states? Limbic system and prefrontal cortex Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing, swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain? Medulla oblongata From which part of the midbrain do cranial nerves V to VIII emerge? Pons From which part of the midbrain do cranial nerves IX to XII emerge? Medulla Oblongata Which area of the brain assumes responsibility for conscious and unconscious muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture? Cerebellum Which statement is true regarding upper motor neurons? The modify spinal reflex arcs The membrane that separates the brain's cerebellum from it's cerebrum is the: Tentorium cerebelli The function of arachnoid villi is to: Absorb cerebrospinal fluid into the cerebral venous sinuses Where is the cerebrospinal fluid produced? Choroid plexuses Which of the meninges closely adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord and follows the sulci and fissures? Pia mater Norepinephrine produces what primary response? NURS 5315 NURS 5315 Vasoconstriction What is an effect of the sympathetic nervous system? Increased blood sugar levels The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output? 20% The collateral blood flow to the brain is provided by the: Circle of Willis The nurse recognizes that a patient's diagnosis of a viral infection of the brain's meningeal layer is supported by which diagnostic laboratory result? Leukocytes 10/mm3 Cognitive operations cannot occur without the effective functioning of the brain's: Reticular activating system Which intracerebral disease process is capable of producing diffuse dysfuntion? Infarct emboli What is the most common infratentorial brain disease process that results in the direct destruction of the reticulating activation system (RAS)? Cerebrovascular disease What stimulus causes posthyperventilation apnea (PHVA)? Changes in PaCO2 levels Posthyperventilation apnea (PHVA) ceases and rhythmic breathing is resumed when levels of arterial: Carbon dioxide become normal Cheyne-Stokes respirations are described as a: Crescendo-decrescendo pattern of breathing, followed by a period of apnea Vomiting is associated with central nervous system (CNS) injuries that compress which of the brain's anatomic locations? Vestibular nuclei in the lower brainstem Which midbrain dysfunction causes pupils to be pinpoint size and fixed in position? Pontine dysfunction What characteristic is a medical criterion of brain death? Apnea NURS 5315 NURS 5315 A clinical manifestation caused by damage to the lower pons includes an abnormal: Extension response of the upper and lower extremities Which person is at the greatest risk for developing deliriuim? An individual on the second day after hip replacement A sudden, explosive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons is termed: Seizure A complex partial seizure is described as: Impairment of both consciousness and the ability to react to exogenous stimuli Status epilepticus is considered a medial emergency because of the: Development of cerebral hypoxia The most critical aspect in correctly diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing it's cause is: Health history What type of seizure starts in the fingers and progressively spreads up the arm and extends to the leg? Focial (partial) Jacksonian seizure What area of the brain mediates the executive attention functions? Prefrontal What term describes the loss of the comprehension or production of language? Aphasia With receptive dysphasia (fluent), the individual is able to: Produce verbal speech, but not comprehend language What is the normal intranial pressure (in mmHg)? 5 to 15 Cerebral edema is an increase in the fluid content of the brain's: Tissue What type of cerebral edema occurs when permeability of the capillary endothelium increases after injury to the vascular structure? Vasogenic Which edema is most often observed with noncommunicating hydrocephalus? Interstitial NURS 5315 NURS 5315 Which dyskinesia involves involuntary movements of the face, trunk, and extremities? Tardive Antipsychotic drugs cause tardive dyskinesia by mimicking the effects of increased: Dopamine The existence of regular, deep, and rapid respirations after a severe closed head injury is indicative of neurologic injury to the: Lower Midbrain What type of posturing exists when a person with a severe closed head injury has all four extremities in rigid extension with the forearms in hyperpronation and the legs in plantrar extension? Decerebrate Since his cerebrovascular accident, a man has been denying his left hemiplegia. What term is used to describe this finding? Anosognosia After a cerebrovvascular accident, a man is unable to either feel or identify a comb with his eyes closed. This is an example of: Tactile Agnosia Most dysphasias are associated with cerebrovascular accidents involving which artery? Middle Cerebral Tactile agnosia is related to innury of which area of the brain? Parietal Neurofibrillary tangles characterize which neurologic disorder? Alzheimer disease The body compensates for a rise in intracranial pressure by first displacing the: Cerebrospinal fluid Stage 1 intracranial hypertension is caused by the: Displacement of cerebrospinal fluid, followed by compression of the cerebral venous system Dilated and sluggish pupils, widening pulse pressure, and bradycardia are clinical findings evident of which state of intracranial hypertension? 3 NURS 5315 NURS 5315 Dilation of the ipsilateral pupil, following uncal herniation, is the result of pressure o