Bs 161 Exam 1 Study Questions With Correct Answers Latest Edition

BS 161 EXAM 1 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 1. What is the difference in the bonding between alpha-helix and beta sheets? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonding occurs between the amides of adjacent chains in the sheets instead of between the amides in different parts of the helices. 2. Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and _____ such as -OH and NH2 that can form hydrogen bonds - ANSWER functional groups 3. Phospholipids are made up of: - ANSWER a phosphate, two fatty acids and a glycerol. 4. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called: - ANSWER amino acids. 5. Proteins are created with: - ANSWER peptide bonds. 6. The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. This reaction is referred to as: - ANSWER a dehydration reaction. 7. Common lipids for energy storage are: - ANSWER triglycerides. 8. A DNA strand contains 20 purines and 26 pyrimidines. How many purines will the complementary strand contain? - ANSWER 26 9. α - glucose is present in potatoes and β - glucose is present in wood. Both are glucose molecules but one can be used by humans to synthesize ATP and one cannot. Based on this information, what is the best explanation on why humans can only digest one of the glucose types? - ANSWER α - glucose and β - glucose are stereoisomers with OH groups oriented differently. 10. A symporter is moving glucose and sodium levels are being depleted in extracellular fluids. What can be concluded about the movement of glucose? - ANSWER -Glucose would be moving against its gradient into the cell -Glucose follows the movement of sodium into the cell -ATP is not required directly by the symporter -Energy is needed to move glucose up its concentration gradient -Glucose's movement is considered a part of coupled transport 11. The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source? - ANSWER The sun 12. It is summer, and you are excited about going to your local amusement park, and specifically about riding the new roller coaster that was just built. You imagine waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station, climbing into the car, strapping yourself into the seatbelt, and pulling down the harness. You can imagine the cars slowly chugging up to the top of the first hill, coming down on the other side, and the excitement you expect to feel as you go along for the ride. Of all of the things that you have imagined, which is an example of potential energy? - ANSWER Waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station 13. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be - ANSWER reduced. 14. In a chemical reaction, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + NADH. In this reaction, what happened to NAD+? - ANSWER It was reduced to form NADH 15. Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions. At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, yet not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP. In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. The remaining energy is - ANSWER lost as heat. 16. You return home to find that your baby brother has scattered his toy trains and trucks all over the floor of your room. As you begin to pick up the toys and put them away, you realize that even though he is just a baby, he has clearly mastered - ANSWER the second law of thermodynamics. 17. In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP. The delta G for this reaction is - ANSWER less than zero. 18. The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWER endergonic 19. Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell? - ANSWER Yes. Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 20. For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ. The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K. The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K. The temperature of the reaction is 25oC. The likely conclusion you can draw from this reaction is it is - ANSWER exergonic 21. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of: - ANSWER protons only. 22. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. These negatively or positively charged atoms are known as - ANSWER ions. 23. Atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are known as: - ANSWER ions. 24. Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does the egg white turn from clear to white? - ANSWER The protein becomes denatured. 25. Which chemical group forms hydrogen bonds with water and is most likely to explain why sugars dissolve well in water? - ANSWER -O-HBS 161 EXAM 1 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 1. What is the difference in the bonding between alpha-helix and beta sheets? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonding occurs between the amides of adjacent chains in the sheets instead of between the amides in different parts of the helices. 2. Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and _____ such as -OH and NH2 that can form hydrogen bonds - ANSWER functional groups 3. Phospholipids are made up of: - ANSWER a phosphate, two fatty acids and a glycerol. 4. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called: - ANSWER amino acids. 5. Proteins are created with: - ANSWER peptide bonds. 6. The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. This reaction is referred to as: - ANSWER a dehydration reaction. 7. Common lipids for energy storage are: - ANSWER triglycerides. 8. A DNA strand contains 20 purines and 26 pyrimidines. How many purines will the complementary strand contain? - ANSWER 26 9. α - glucose is present in potatoes and β - glucose is present in wood. Both are glucose molecules but one can be used by humans to synthesize ATP and one cannot. Based on this information, what is the best explanation on why humans can only digest one of the glucose types? - ANSWER α - glucose and β - glucose are stereoisomers with OH groups oriented differently. 10. A symporter is moving glucose and sodium levels are being depleted in extracellular fluids. What can be concluded about the movement of glucose? - ANSWER -Glucose would be moving against its gradient into the cell -Glucose follows the movement of sodium into the cell -ATP is not required directly by the symporter -Energy is needed to move glucose up its concentration gradient -Glucose's movement is considered a part of coupled transport 11. The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source? - ANSWER The sun 12. It is summer, and you are excited about going to your local amusement park, and specifically about riding the new roller coaster that was just built. You imagine waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station, climbing into the car, strapping yourself into the seatbelt, and pulling down the harness. You can imagine the cars slowly chugging up to the top of the first hill, coming down on the other side, and the excitement you expect to feel as you go along for the ride. Of all of the things that you have imagined, which is an example of potential energy? - ANSWER Waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station 13. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be - ANSWER reduced. 14. In a chemical reaction, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + NADH. In this reaction, what happened to NAD+? - ANSWER It was reduced to form NADH 15. Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions. At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, yet not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP. In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. The remaining energy is - ANSWER lost as heat. 16. You return home to find that your baby brother has scattered his toy trains and trucks all over the floor of your room. As you begin to pick up the toys and put them away, you realize that even though he is just a baby, he has clearly mastered - ANSWER the second law of thermodynamics. 17. In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP. The delta G for this reaction is - ANSWER less than zero. 18. The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWER endergonic 19. Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell? - ANSWER Yes. Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 20. For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ. The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K. The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K. The temperature of the reaction is 25oC. The likely conclusion you can draw from this reaction is it is - ANSWER exergonic 21. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of: - ANSWER protons only. 22. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. These negatively or positively charged atoms are known as - ANSWER ions. 23. Atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are known as: - ANSWER ions. 24. Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does the egg white turn from clear to white? - ANSWER The protein becomes denatured. 25. Which chemical group forms hydrogen bonds with water and is most likely to explain why sugars dissolve well in water? - ANSWER -O-HBS 161 EXAM 1 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 1. What is the difference in the bonding between alpha-helix and beta sheets? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonding occurs between the amides of adjacent chains in the sheets instead of between the amides in different parts of the helices. 2. Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and _____ such as -OH and NH2 that can form hydrogen bonds - ANSWER functional groups 3. Phospholipids are made up of: - ANSWER a phosphate, two fatty acids and a glycerol. 4. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called: - ANSWER amino acids. 5. Proteins are created with: - ANSWER peptide bonds. 6. The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. This reaction is referred to as: - ANSWER a dehydration reaction. 7. Common lipids for energy storage are: - ANSWER triglycerides. 8. A DNA strand contains 20 purines and 26 pyrimidines. How many purines will the complementary strand contain? - ANSWER 26 9. α - glucose is present in potatoes and β - glucose is present in wood. Both are glucose molecules but one can be used by humans to synthesize ATP and one cannot. Based on this information, what is the best explanation on why humans can only digest one of the glucose types? - ANSWER α - glucose and β - glucose are stereoisomers with OH groups oriented differently. 10. A symporter is moving glucose and sodium levels are being depleted in extracellular fluids. What can be concluded about the movement of glucose? - ANSWER -Glucose would be moving against its gradient into the cell -Glucose follows the movement of sodium into the cell -ATP is not required directly by the symporter -Energy is needed to move glucose up its concentration gradient -Glucose's movement is considered a part of coupled transport 11. The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source? - ANSWER The sun 12. It is summer, and you are excited about going to your local amusement park, and specifically about riding the new roller coaster that was just built. You imagine waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station, climbing into the car, strapping yourself into the seatbelt, and pulling down the harness. You can imagine the cars slowly chugging up to the top of the first hill, coming down on the other side, and the excitement you expect to feel as you go along for the ride. Of all of the things that you have imagined, which is an example of potential energy? - ANSWER Waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station 13. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be - ANSWER reduced. 14. In a chemical reaction, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + NADH. In this reaction, what happened to NAD+? - ANSWER It was reduced to form NADH 15. Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions. At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, yet not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP. In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. The remaining energy is - ANSWER lost as heat. 16. You return home to find that your baby brother has scattered his toy trains and trucks all over the floor of your room. As you begin to pick up the toys and put them away, you realize that even though he is just a baby, he has clearly mastered - ANSWER the second law of thermodynamics. 17. In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP. The delta G for this reaction is - ANSWER less than zero. 18. The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWER endergonic 19. Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell? - ANSWER Yes. Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 20. For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ. The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K. The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K. The temperature of the reaction is 25oC. The likely conclusion you can draw from this reaction is it is - ANSWER exergonic 21. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of: - ANSWER protons only. 22. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. These negatively or positively charged atoms are known as - ANSWER ions. 23. Atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are known as: - ANSWER ions. 24. Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does the egg white turn from clear to white? - ANSWER The protein becomes denatured. 25. Which chemical group forms hydrogen bonds with water and is most likely to explain why sugars dissolve well in water? - ANSWER -O-HBS 161 EXAM 1 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 1. What is the difference in the bonding between alpha-helix and beta sheets? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonding occurs between the amides of adjacent chains in the sheets instead of between the amides in different parts of the helices. 2. Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and _____ such as -OH and NH2 that can form hydrogen bonds - ANSWER functional groups 3. Phospholipids are made up of: - ANSWER a phosphate, two fatty acids and a glycerol. 4. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called: - ANSWER amino acids. 5. Proteins are created with: - ANSWER peptide bonds. 6. The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. This reaction is referred to as: - ANSWER a dehydration reaction. 7. Common lipids for energy storage are: - ANSWER triglycerides. 8. A DNA strand contains 20 purines and 26 pyrimidines. How many purines will the complementary strand contain? - ANSWER 26 9. α - glucose is present in potatoes and β - glucose is present in wood. Both are glucose molecules but one can be used by humans to synthesize ATP and one cannot. Based on this information, what is the best explanation on why humans can only digest one of the glucose types? - ANSWER α - glucose and β - glucose are stereoisomers with OH groups oriented differently. 10. A symporter is moving glucose and sodium levels are being depleted in extracellular fluids. What can be concluded about the movement of glucose? - ANSWER -Glucose would be moving against its gradient into the cell -Glucose follows the movement of sodium into the cell -ATP is not required directly by the symporter -Energy is needed to move glucose up its concentration gradient -Glucose's movement is considered a part of coupled transport 11. The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source? - ANSWER The sun 12. It is summer, and you are excited about going to your local amusement park, and specifically about riding the new roller coaster that was just built. You imagine waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station, climbing into the car, strapping yourself into the seatbelt, and pulling down the harness. You can imagine the cars slowly chugging up to the top of the first hill, coming down on the other side, and the excitement you expect to feel as you go along for the ride. Of all of the things that you have imagined, which is an example of potential energy? - ANSWER Waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station 13. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be - ANSWER reduced. 14. In a chemical reaction, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + NADH. In this reaction, what happened to NAD+? - ANSWER It was reduced to form NADH 15. Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions. At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, yet not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP. In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. The remaining energy is - ANSWER lost as heat. 16. You return home to find that your baby brother has scattered his toy trains and trucks all over the floor of your room. As you begin to pick up the toys and put them away, you realize that even though he is just a baby, he has clearly mastered - ANSWER the second law of thermodynamics. 17. In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP. The delta G for this reaction is - ANSWER less than zero. 18. The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWER endergonic 19. Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell? - ANSWER Yes. Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 20. For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ. The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K. The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K. The temperature of the reaction is 25oC. The likely conclusion you can draw from this reaction is it is - ANSWER exergonic 21. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of: - ANSWER protons only. 22. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. These negatively or positively charged atoms are known as - ANSWER ions. 23. Atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are known as: - ANSWER ions. 24. Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does the egg white turn from clear to white? - ANSWER The protein becomes denatured. 25. Which chemical group forms hydrogen bonds with water and is most likely to explain why sugars dissolve well in water? - ANSWER -O-HBS 161 EXAM 1 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 1. What is the difference in the bonding between alpha-helix and beta sheets? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonding occurs between the amides of adjacent chains in the sheets instead of between the amides in different parts of the helices. 2. Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and _____ such as -OH and NH2 that can form hydrogen bonds - ANSWER functional groups 3. Phospholipids are made up of: - ANSWER a phosphate, two fatty acids and a glycerol. 4. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called: - ANSWER amino acids. 5. Proteins are created with: - ANSWER peptide bonds. 6. The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. This reaction is referred to as: - ANSWER a dehydration reaction. 7. Common lipids for energy storage are: - ANSWER triglycerides. 8. A DNA strand contains 20 purines and 26 pyrimidines. How many purines will the complementary strand contain? - ANSWER 26 9. α - glucose is present in potatoes and β - glucose is present in wood. Both are glucose molecules but one can be used by humans to synthesize ATP and one cannot. Based on this information, what is the best explanation on why humans can only digest one of the glucose types? - ANSWER α - glucose and β - glucose are stereoisomers with OH groups oriented differently. 10. A symporter is moving glucose and sodium levels are being depleted in extracellular fluids. What can be concluded about the movement of glucose? - ANSWER -Glucose would be moving against its gradient into the cell -Glucose follows the movement of sodium into the cell -ATP is not required directly by the symporter -Energy is needed to move glucose up its concentration gradient -Glucose's movement is considered a part of coupled transport 11. The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source? - ANSWER The sun 12. It is summer, and you are excited about going to your local amusement park, and specifically about riding the new roller coaster that was just built. You imagine waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station, climbing into the car, strapping yourself into the seatbelt, and pulling down the harness. You can imagine the cars slowly chugging up to the top of the first hill, coming down on the other side, and the excitement you expect to feel as you go along for the ride. Of all of the things that you have imagined, which is an example of potential energy? - ANSWER Waiting at the top of the stairs for the roller coaster to pull into the station 13. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be - ANSWER reduced. 14. In a chemical reaction, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + NADH. In this reaction, what happened to NAD+? - ANSWER It was reduced to form NADH 15. Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions. At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, yet not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP. In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. The remaining energy is - ANSWER lost as heat. 16. You return home to find that your baby brother has scattered his toy trains and trucks all over the floor of your room. As you begin to pick up the toys and put them away, you realize that even though he is just a baby, he has clearly mastered - ANSWER the second law of thermodynamics. 17. In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP. The delta G for this reaction is - ANSWER less than zero. 18. The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWER endergonic 19. Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell? - ANSWER Yes. Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 20. For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ. The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K. The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K. The temperature of the reaction is 25oC. The likely conclusion you can draw from this reaction is it is - ANSWER exergonic 21. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of: - ANSWER protons only. 22. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. These negatively or positively charged atoms are known as - ANSWER ions. 23. Atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are known as: - ANSWER ions. 24. Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does the egg white turn from clear to white? - ANSWER The protein becomes denatured. 25. Which chemical group forms hydrogen bonds with water and is most likely to explain why sugars dissolve well in water? - ANSWER -O-H