NUR356 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
◉What are some signs indicating airway obstruction? Answer:
swelling of the throat or tongue, vomiting, presence of blood, respiratory
distress, difficulty swallowing, stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, choking,
apnea, gurgling sounds, and snoring.
◉What nursing interventions can be implemented for specific signs of
airway obstruction? Answer: Suctioning, Oxygen therapy, Head tilt,
chin lift, or use of oropharyngeal airway (Guedel).
• For choking :Back thrusts.
• For seizures: Place the individual in the recovery position.
• For stridor: Administration of steroids such as prednisolone,
dexamethasone, or adrenaline.
◉What are the different airway interventions available, and when should
they be utilized? Answer: Suctioning: Utilized for removing secretions,
vomit, or blood obstructing the airway.
,• Oropharyngeal airway (Guedel): Contraindicated in conscious
individuals; used during unconsciousness to maintain airway patency.
• Nasopharyngeal airway: Contraindicated in cases of skull injury.
• Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or i-gel: Utilized in advanced life
support situations.
• Endotracheal tube (ETT): Inserted into the trachea to secure the airway
in critical situations.
◉What is a Bag Valve Mask , and what are its functions? Answer: A
Bag Valve Mask (BVM) is a manual resuscitator device used to provide
positive pressure ventilation to patients. Its functions include:
• Administering high-flow oxygen up to 15 L/min.
• Providing Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) to prevent
complete lung deflation during expiration.
• Allowing controlled ventilation to support breathing.
◉What are the main differences between Advanced Life Support (ALS)
and Basic Life Support (BLS)? Answer: Advanced Life Support (ALS)
, involves more complex interventions, such as manually defibrillating
patients, administering specific drugs like adrenaline and amiodarone,
and managing advanced airway devices like endotracheal tubes. In
contrast, Basic Life Support (BLS) focuses on foundational skills like
chest compressions, rescue breathing, and early defibrillation using
automated external defibrillators (AEDs
◉How do you discriminate between the shockable and non-shockable
algorithm in advanced life support? Answer: shockable rhythms
include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
(VT), which require defibrillation. Non-shockable rhythms include
asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA), which require CPR and
administration of medications like adrenaline.
◉What are the characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF)? Answer:
Presents as chaotic electrical activity in the heart, resulting in a lack of
coordinated contractions and absence of a palpable pulse.
◉What are the characteristics of ventricular tachycardia (VT)? Answer:
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) is characterized by rapid,
disorganized electrical activity in the ventricles, often leading to
unconsciousness and absence of a pulse
◉What are the characteristics of Asystole Answer: also known as
flatline, is the absence of any electrical activity in the heart, resulting in
the absence of a palpable pulse and no cardiac output.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
◉What are some signs indicating airway obstruction? Answer:
swelling of the throat or tongue, vomiting, presence of blood, respiratory
distress, difficulty swallowing, stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, choking,
apnea, gurgling sounds, and snoring.
◉What nursing interventions can be implemented for specific signs of
airway obstruction? Answer: Suctioning, Oxygen therapy, Head tilt,
chin lift, or use of oropharyngeal airway (Guedel).
• For choking :Back thrusts.
• For seizures: Place the individual in the recovery position.
• For stridor: Administration of steroids such as prednisolone,
dexamethasone, or adrenaline.
◉What are the different airway interventions available, and when should
they be utilized? Answer: Suctioning: Utilized for removing secretions,
vomit, or blood obstructing the airway.
,• Oropharyngeal airway (Guedel): Contraindicated in conscious
individuals; used during unconsciousness to maintain airway patency.
• Nasopharyngeal airway: Contraindicated in cases of skull injury.
• Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or i-gel: Utilized in advanced life
support situations.
• Endotracheal tube (ETT): Inserted into the trachea to secure the airway
in critical situations.
◉What is a Bag Valve Mask , and what are its functions? Answer: A
Bag Valve Mask (BVM) is a manual resuscitator device used to provide
positive pressure ventilation to patients. Its functions include:
• Administering high-flow oxygen up to 15 L/min.
• Providing Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) to prevent
complete lung deflation during expiration.
• Allowing controlled ventilation to support breathing.
◉What are the main differences between Advanced Life Support (ALS)
and Basic Life Support (BLS)? Answer: Advanced Life Support (ALS)
, involves more complex interventions, such as manually defibrillating
patients, administering specific drugs like adrenaline and amiodarone,
and managing advanced airway devices like endotracheal tubes. In
contrast, Basic Life Support (BLS) focuses on foundational skills like
chest compressions, rescue breathing, and early defibrillation using
automated external defibrillators (AEDs
◉How do you discriminate between the shockable and non-shockable
algorithm in advanced life support? Answer: shockable rhythms
include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
(VT), which require defibrillation. Non-shockable rhythms include
asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA), which require CPR and
administration of medications like adrenaline.
◉What are the characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF)? Answer:
Presents as chaotic electrical activity in the heart, resulting in a lack of
coordinated contractions and absence of a palpable pulse.
◉What are the characteristics of ventricular tachycardia (VT)? Answer:
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) is characterized by rapid,
disorganized electrical activity in the ventricles, often leading to
unconsciousness and absence of a pulse
◉What are the characteristics of Asystole Answer: also known as
flatline, is the absence of any electrical activity in the heart, resulting in
the absence of a palpable pulse and no cardiac output.
