TEXES SPECIAL EDUCATION EC-12| TOP SCORES MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED
TEST SOLUTIONS!
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Specific Learning Disability (SLD) Answer: learning challenge that affects a student's
ability to reason, listen, speak, read, write, or do math
Examples of SLD Answer: Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Auditory processing disorder
Intellectual Disability Answer: below average intellectual ability that may involve
challenges with communication, social skills, and self-care
Examples of Intellectual Disability Answer: Down syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Other Health Impairment (OHI) Answer: Condition related to a student's energy,
strength, or alertness. An impairment that relates to a student's ability to focus and
maintain attention during instruction
Examples of OHI Answer: ADHD
Asthma
Diabetes
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Answer: Developmental disability that involves a
range of symptoms involving social and communication skills
Examples of Autism Spectrum Disorder Answer: Autism
Asperger's syndrome
Pervasive developmental disorder
Emotional Disturbance Answer: Various mental health issues such as anxiety disorder,
depression, and bipolar disorder
Orthopedic Impairment Answer: Lack of ability or function within the body such as:
Cerebral palsy
Bone tuberculosis
Amputations
Speech of Language Impairment Answer: Struggle with verbal communication such as:
Stuttering
1
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,Impaired articulation
Voice impairment
Visual impairment (including blindness) Answer: Eyesight difficulties that cannot be fully
corrected with lenses
Hearing Impairment Answer: Hearing loss that does not qualify as deafness, students
who use hearing aids that correct the loss can still qualify for services
Deafness Answer: Students who have a diagnosis of deafness, meaning even with a
hearing aid they cannot hear all or most sounds
Deaf-Blindness Answer: Students who have unique communication needs due to
having both severe hearing and vision loss
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Answer: an injury to the brain caused by an accident or
physical trauma
Multiple Disabilities Answer: Students who have disabilities in more than one of the
above categories
What is the most common qualifier for special education under IDEA? Answer: SLD,
specific learning disability
How can students with SLD most benefit? How can we help them the most? (2 ways)
Answer: Direct instruction
Specific learning strategies for that subject area
What must their disability do to qualify a student for sped services? Answer: Affect their
ability to function in a gen ed classroom with their grade-level peers
What are the 8 SLDs? Answer: basic reading skills
listening comprehension
math calculation
math problem solving
oral expression
reading comprehension
reading fluency
written expression
Dyscalculia Answer: difficulty with math and numbers
Dysgraphia Answer: difficulty with writing and written language
2
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,Dyslexia Answer: struggles with accurate and fluent letter and word recognition and
poor spelling and decoding abilities
Learning strategies for SLD Answer: -direct instructional support
-adapted or modified assignments
-brain breaks
-task lists
-reduced student workload
-information cards (index card w/ notes)
-multiple ways to access the learning material
IEP stands for Answer: Individualized Education Program
Intellectual Disability Answer: significantly below sub-average intelligence, typically
measured by IQ. Must be seen before the age of 18 and present with adaptive delays,
adaptive skills and behavior
Mild intellectual disability Answer: having an IQ in the range of 50-55 up to 70
Moderate Intellectual Disability Answer: having an IQ in the range of 35-45 up to 50-55
Severe Intellectual Disability Answer: having an IQ range of 20-25 up to 35-45
Profound Intellectual Disability Answer: an IQ below 20-25
You typically see Executive Functioning abilities with what disability? Answer:
Intellectual Disability
What is Executive Functioning abilities? Answer: it affects an individual's ability to plan
and execute daily tasks, maintain self-control and access working memory. It often
correlates with adaptive deficits and a person's ability to appropriately care for themself
What are the learning strategies for students with Intellectual Disabilities? Answer: -
provide concrete, real-life, and simplified tasks
-teach one concept at a time
-slowly build skills after mastering the previous concept
-hands-on learning opportunities with real-life applications
Examples of Real-Life scenarios to help build adaptive and social skills in students with
intellectual disabilities Answer: -social interactions
-job skills
-money handling
3
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, -daily life tasks (making the bed, brush teeth, cook food)
What are the 3 causes for intellectual disability? Answer: 1. Down Syndrome
2. Fragile X
3. Fetal alcohol syndrome
Down syndrome and fragile x syndrome are Answer: genetic abnormalities that affects
a person's chromosomes and cannot be prevented
Fetal alcohol syndrome occurs how? Answer: By the mother consuming alcohol while
pregnant
What is a Learning Style? Answer: how a student learns, how they take in information
the best
What are the 3 main learning styles? Answer: 1. Auditory - learn by hearing
2. Visual - learn by seeing
3. Tactile/Kinesthetic - learn by doing
Examples of Auditory Learning Style Answer: -reading aloud
-verbal instructions
-discussions
-hearing something spelled for you
Examples of Visual Learning Style Answer: -charts
-graphs
-graphic organizers
-visual aids (pictures / presentations)
-seeing things spelled out
Examples of Tactile / Kinesthetic Learning Style Answer: -hands-on activities
-body movement (simon says to learn body parts)
-move while working
-use manipulatives to move pieces around (sentence fragments cutting them out and
making sentences)
-play-doh
-magnetic letters
What is a Learning Theory? Answer: explains how people learn and how they
incorporate experiences to expand on their own knowledge
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
Specific Learning Disability (SLD) Answer: learning challenge that affects a student's
ability to reason, listen, speak, read, write, or do math
Examples of SLD Answer: Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Auditory processing disorder
Intellectual Disability Answer: below average intellectual ability that may involve
challenges with communication, social skills, and self-care
Examples of Intellectual Disability Answer: Down syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Other Health Impairment (OHI) Answer: Condition related to a student's energy,
strength, or alertness. An impairment that relates to a student's ability to focus and
maintain attention during instruction
Examples of OHI Answer: ADHD
Asthma
Diabetes
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Answer: Developmental disability that involves a
range of symptoms involving social and communication skills
Examples of Autism Spectrum Disorder Answer: Autism
Asperger's syndrome
Pervasive developmental disorder
Emotional Disturbance Answer: Various mental health issues such as anxiety disorder,
depression, and bipolar disorder
Orthopedic Impairment Answer: Lack of ability or function within the body such as:
Cerebral palsy
Bone tuberculosis
Amputations
Speech of Language Impairment Answer: Struggle with verbal communication such as:
Stuttering
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Impaired articulation
Voice impairment
Visual impairment (including blindness) Answer: Eyesight difficulties that cannot be fully
corrected with lenses
Hearing Impairment Answer: Hearing loss that does not qualify as deafness, students
who use hearing aids that correct the loss can still qualify for services
Deafness Answer: Students who have a diagnosis of deafness, meaning even with a
hearing aid they cannot hear all or most sounds
Deaf-Blindness Answer: Students who have unique communication needs due to
having both severe hearing and vision loss
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Answer: an injury to the brain caused by an accident or
physical trauma
Multiple Disabilities Answer: Students who have disabilities in more than one of the
above categories
What is the most common qualifier for special education under IDEA? Answer: SLD,
specific learning disability
How can students with SLD most benefit? How can we help them the most? (2 ways)
Answer: Direct instruction
Specific learning strategies for that subject area
What must their disability do to qualify a student for sped services? Answer: Affect their
ability to function in a gen ed classroom with their grade-level peers
What are the 8 SLDs? Answer: basic reading skills
listening comprehension
math calculation
math problem solving
oral expression
reading comprehension
reading fluency
written expression
Dyscalculia Answer: difficulty with math and numbers
Dysgraphia Answer: difficulty with writing and written language
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Dyslexia Answer: struggles with accurate and fluent letter and word recognition and
poor spelling and decoding abilities
Learning strategies for SLD Answer: -direct instructional support
-adapted or modified assignments
-brain breaks
-task lists
-reduced student workload
-information cards (index card w/ notes)
-multiple ways to access the learning material
IEP stands for Answer: Individualized Education Program
Intellectual Disability Answer: significantly below sub-average intelligence, typically
measured by IQ. Must be seen before the age of 18 and present with adaptive delays,
adaptive skills and behavior
Mild intellectual disability Answer: having an IQ in the range of 50-55 up to 70
Moderate Intellectual Disability Answer: having an IQ in the range of 35-45 up to 50-55
Severe Intellectual Disability Answer: having an IQ range of 20-25 up to 35-45
Profound Intellectual Disability Answer: an IQ below 20-25
You typically see Executive Functioning abilities with what disability? Answer:
Intellectual Disability
What is Executive Functioning abilities? Answer: it affects an individual's ability to plan
and execute daily tasks, maintain self-control and access working memory. It often
correlates with adaptive deficits and a person's ability to appropriately care for themself
What are the learning strategies for students with Intellectual Disabilities? Answer: -
provide concrete, real-life, and simplified tasks
-teach one concept at a time
-slowly build skills after mastering the previous concept
-hands-on learning opportunities with real-life applications
Examples of Real-Life scenarios to help build adaptive and social skills in students with
intellectual disabilities Answer: -social interactions
-job skills
-money handling
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, -daily life tasks (making the bed, brush teeth, cook food)
What are the 3 causes for intellectual disability? Answer: 1. Down Syndrome
2. Fragile X
3. Fetal alcohol syndrome
Down syndrome and fragile x syndrome are Answer: genetic abnormalities that affects
a person's chromosomes and cannot be prevented
Fetal alcohol syndrome occurs how? Answer: By the mother consuming alcohol while
pregnant
What is a Learning Style? Answer: how a student learns, how they take in information
the best
What are the 3 main learning styles? Answer: 1. Auditory - learn by hearing
2. Visual - learn by seeing
3. Tactile/Kinesthetic - learn by doing
Examples of Auditory Learning Style Answer: -reading aloud
-verbal instructions
-discussions
-hearing something spelled for you
Examples of Visual Learning Style Answer: -charts
-graphs
-graphic organizers
-visual aids (pictures / presentations)
-seeing things spelled out
Examples of Tactile / Kinesthetic Learning Style Answer: -hands-on activities
-body movement (simon says to learn body parts)
-move while working
-use manipulatives to move pieces around (sentence fragments cutting them out and
making sentences)
-play-doh
-magnetic letters
What is a Learning Theory? Answer: explains how people learn and how they
incorporate experiences to expand on their own knowledge
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
