Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group* of* nursing* students* are* discussing* the* impact* of* nonnursing* theories* in* clinical*
practice.* The* students* would* be* correct* if* they* chose* which* theory*to* prioritize* patient*
care?
a. Erikson’s* Psychosocial* Theory
b. Paul’s* Critical-Thinking* Theory
c. Maslow’s* Hierarchy* of* Needs
d. Rosenstock’s* Health* Belief* Model
ANS:* C
Maslow’s* hierarchy* of* needs* specifies* the* psychological* and* physiologic* factors* that*
affect* each* person’s* physical* and* mental* health.* The* nurse’s* understanding* of* these*
factors* helps* with* formulating* Nursing* diagnoses* that* address* the* patient’s* needs* and*
values* to* prioritize* care.* Erikson’s* Psychosocial* Theory* of* Development* and*
Socialization* is* based* on* individuals’* interacting* and* learning* about* their* world.* Nurses*
use* concepts* of* developmental* theory* to* critically* think* in* providing* care* for* their*
patients* at* various* stages* of* their* lives.
Rosenstock* (1974)* developed* the* psychological* Health* Belief* Model.* The* model* addresses*
possible* reasons* for* why* a* patient* may* not* comply* with* recommended* health* promotion*
behaviors.* This* model* is* especially* useful* to* nurses* as* they* educate* patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.5 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* CN
a t egR
or y:IS a f G
e* a nB
d * E.f C
f e ct iM
v e * Care* Environment:* Management*
of* Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* CoordinatiU on * S* N* T O
2. A* nursing* student* is* preparing* study* notes* from* a* recent* lecture* in* nursing* history.*
The* student* would* credit* Florence* Nightingale* for* which* definition* of* nursing?
a. The* imbalance* between* the* patient* and* the* environment * decreases* the* capacity*
for* health.
b. The* nurse* needs* to* focus* on* interpersonal* processes* between* nurse* and* patient.
c. The* nurse* assists* the* patient* with* essential* functions* toward* independence.
d. Human* beings* are* interacting* in* continuous* motion* as* energy* fields.
ANS:* A
Florence* Nightingale’s* (1860)* concept* of* the* environment* emphasized* prevention* and*
clean* air,* water,* and* housing.* This* theory* states* that* the* imbalance* between* the* patient*
and* the* environment* decreases* the* capacity* for* health* and* does* not* allow* for* conservation*
of* energy.* Hildegard* Peplau* (1952)* focused* on* the* roles* played* by* the* nurse* and* the*
interpersonal* process* between* a* nurse* and* a* patient.* Virginia* Henderson* described* the*
nurse’s* role* as* substitutive* (doing* for* the* person),* supplementary* (helping* the* person),* or*
complementary* (working* with* the* person),* with* the* goal* of* independence* for* the* patient.*
Martha* Rogers* (1970)* developed* the* Science* of* Unitary* Human* Beings.* She* stated* that*
human* beings* and* their* environments* are* interacting* in* continuous* motion* as* infinite*
energy* fields.
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
DIF: Understanding OBJ:* 1.4 TOP:*
Planning* MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Health* Promotion* and*
Maintenance* NOT:* Concepts:* Health* Promotion
3. The* nurse* identifies* which* nurse* established* the* American* Red* Cross* during* the* Civil* War?
a. Dorothea* Dix
b. Linda* Richards
c. Lena* Higbee
d. Clara* Barton
ANS:* D
Clara* Barton* practiced* nursing* in* the* Civil* War* and* established* the* American* Red* Cross.*
Dorothea* Dix* was* the* head* of* the* U.S.* Sanitary* Commission,* which* was* a* forerunner* of*
the* Army* Nurse* Corps.* Linda* Richards* was* America’s* first* trained* nurse,* graduating*
from* Boston’s* Women’s* Hospital* in* 1873,* and* Lena* Higbee,* superintendent* of* the* U.S.*
Navy* Nurse* Corps,* was* awarded* the* Navy* Cross* in* 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* 1.3 TOP:*
Assessment* MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Health* Promotion* and*
Maintenance
NOT:* Concepts:* Professionalism
4. The* nursing* instructor* is* researching* the* five* proficiencies* regarded* as* essential* for*
students* and* professionals.* The* nursing* instructor* identifies* which* organization* would*
be* found* to* have* added* safety* as* a* sixth* competency?
a. Quality* and* Safety* Education* for* Nurses* (QSEN)
b. Institute* of* Medicine* (IOM)
c. American* Association* of* Colleges* of* Nursing* (AACN)
d. National* League* for* Nursing* (NLN)
ANS:* A
The* Institute* of* Medicine* r epNo r t ,RHe I GP r oBf e.s sCi o nMs * Education:* A* Bridge* to* Quality* (2003),*
outlines* five* core* competencies. S aNl t*hinclude
U * These * patient-centered* care,* interdisciplinary
teamwork,* use* of* evidence-based* medicine,* quality* improvement,* and* use* of* information*
technology.* QSEN* added* safety* as* a* sixth* competency.* The* Essentials* of* Baccalaureate*
Education* for* Professional* Nursing* Practice* are* provided* and* updated* by* the* American*
Association* of* Colleges* of* Nursing* (AACN)* (2008).* The* document* offers* a* framework* for*
the* education* of* professional* nurses* with* outcomes* for* students* to* meet.* The* National*
League* for* Nursing* (NLN)* outlines* and* updates* competencies* for* practical,* associate,*
baccalaureate,* and* graduate* nursing* education* programs.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.1 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
5. The* nurse* manager* is* interviewing* graduate* nurses* to* fill* existing* staffing* vacancies.*
When* hiring* graduate* nurses,* the* nurse* manager* realizes* that* they* will* probably* not* be*
considered* “competent”* until* they* complete* which* task?
a. They* graduate* and* pass* NCLEX.
b. They* have* worked* 2* to* 3* years.
c. Their* last* year* of* nursing* school.
d. They* are* actually* hired.
ANS:* B
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
Benner’s* model* identifies* five* levels* of* proficiency:* novice,* advanced* beginner,*
competent,* proficient,* and* expert.* The* student* nurse* progresses* from* novice* to* advanced*
beginner* during* nursing* school* and* attains* the* competent* level* after* approximately* 2* to*
3* years* of* work* experience* after* graduation.* To* obtain* the* RN* credential,* a* person* must*
graduate* from* an* approved* school* of* nursing* and* pass* a* state* licensing* examination*
called* the* National* Council* Licensure* Examination* for* Registered* Nurses* (NCLEX-RN)*
usually* taken* soon* after* completion* of* an* approved* nursing* program.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.7 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
6. The* prospective* student* is* considering* options* for* beginning* a* career* in* nursing.*
Which* degree* would* best* match* the* student’s* desire* to* conduct* research* at* the*
university* level?
a. Associate* Degree* in* Nursing* (ADN)
b. Bachelor* of* Science* in* Nursing* (BSN)
c. Doctor* of* Nursing* Practice* (DNP)
d. Doctor* of* Philosophy* in* Nursing* (PhD)
ANS:* D
Doctoral* nursing* education* can* result* in* a* Doctor* of* Philosophy* (PhD)* degree.* This*
degree* prepares* nurses* for* leadership* roles* in* research,* teaching,* and* administration* that*
are* essential* to* advancing* nursing* as* a* profession.* Associate* Degree* in* Nursing* (ADN)*
programs* usually* are* conducted* in* a* community* college* setting.* The* nursing* curriculum*
focuses* on* adult* acute* and* chronic* disease;* maternal/child* health;* pediatrics;* and*
psychiatric/mental* health* nursing.* ADN* RNs* may* return* to* school* to* earn* a* bachelor’s*
degree* or* higher* in* an* RN-to-BSN* or* RN-to-MSN* program.* Bachelor’s* degree* programs*
include* community* health* and N * management
R I G B*.courses
C * beyond* t hUo s eSp r oNv i d Te d * in*
anOassociate* degree* program.* A* newer
practice-focused* doctoral* degree* is* the* Doctor* of* Nursing* practice* (DNP),* which*
concentrates* on* the* clinical* aspects* of* nursing.* DNP* specialties* include* the* four* advanced*
practice* roles* of
NP,* CNS,* CNM,* and* CRNA.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.9 TOP:* Assessment
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
7. During* a* staff* meeting,* the* nurse* manager* announces* that* the* hospital* will* be* seeking*
Magnet* status.* To* explain* the* requirements* for* this* award,* the* nurse* manager* will*
contact* which* organization?
a. American* Nurses* Association* (ANA)
b. American* Nurses* Credentialing* Center* (ANCC)
c. National* League* for* Nursing* (NLN)
d. Joint* Commission
ANS:* B
The* American* Nurses* Credentialing* Center* (ANCC)* awards* Magnet* Recognition* to*
hospitals* that* have* shown* excellence* and* innovation* in* nursing.* The* ANA* is* a*
professional* organization* that* provides* standards* of* nursing* practice.* The* National*
League* for* Nursing* (NLN)* outlines* and* updates* competencies* for* practical,* associate,*
baccalaureate,* and* graduate* nursing* education* programs.* The* Joint* Commission* is* the*
accrediting* organization* for* health* care* facilities* in* the* United* States.
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.1 TOP:* Assessment
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
8. The* nurse* is* caring* for* a* patient* who* refuses* two* units* of* packed* red* blood* cells.*
When* the* nurse* notifies* the* health* care* provider* of* the* patient’s* decision,* the* nurse* is*
acting* in* which* role?
a. Manager
b. Change* agent
c. Advocate
d. Educator
ANS:* C
As* the* patient’s* advocate,* the* nurse* interprets* information* and* provides* the* necessary*
education.* The* nurse* then* accepts* and* respects* the* patient’s* decisions* even* if* they* are*
different* from* the* nurse’s* own* beliefs.* The* nurse* supports* the* patient’s* wishes* and*
communicates* them* to* other* health* care* providers.* A* nurse* manages* all* of* the* activities*
and* treatments* for* patients.* In* the* role* of* change* agent,* the* nurse* works* with* patients* to*
address* their* health* concerns* and* with* staff* members* to* address* change* in* an* organization*
or* within* a* community.* The* nurse* ensures* that* the* patient* receives* sufficient* information*
on* which* to* base* consent* for* care* and* related* treatment.* Education* becomes* a* major*
focus* of* discharge* planning* so* that* patients* will* be* prepared* to* handle* their* own* needs*
at* home.
DIF: Applying OBJ:* * 1.2 TOP:* Implementation
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
NURSINGTB.COM
9. The* nursing* student* develops* a* plan* of* care* based* on* a* recently* published* article* describing
the* effects* of* bed* rest* on* a* patient’s* calcium* blood* levels.* When* creating* the* plan* of* care,* the*
nursing* student* has* the* obligation* to* consider* which* action?
a. Critically*appraise* the* evidence* and* determine* validity.
b. Ensure* that* the* plan* of* care* does* not* alter* current* practice.
c. Change* the* process* even* when* there* is* no* problem* identified.
d. Maintain* the* plan* of* care* regardless* of* initial* outcome.
ANS:* A
Evidence-based* practice* (EBP)* is* an* integration* of* the* best-available* research* evidence*
with* clinical* judgment* about* a* specific* patient* situation.* The* nurse* assesses* current* and*
past* research,* clinical* guidelines,* and* other* resources* to* identify* relevant* literature.* The*
application* of* EBP* includes* critically* appraising* the* evidence* to* assess* its* validity,*
designing* a* change* for* practice,* assessing* the* need* for* change* and* identifying* a* problem,*
and* integrating* and* maintaining* change* while* monitoring* process* and* outcomes* by*
reevaluating* the* application* of* evidence* and* assessing* areas* for* improvement.
DIF: Applying OBJ:* * 1.2 TOP:* Implementation
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
PRIMEXAM.COM
Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group* of* nursing* students* are* discussing* the* impact* of* nonnursing* theories* in* clinical*
practice.* The* students* would* be* correct* if* they* chose* which* theory*to* prioritize* patient*
care?
a. Erikson’s* Psychosocial* Theory
b. Paul’s* Critical-Thinking* Theory
c. Maslow’s* Hierarchy* of* Needs
d. Rosenstock’s* Health* Belief* Model
ANS:* C
Maslow’s* hierarchy* of* needs* specifies* the* psychological* and* physiologic* factors* that*
affect* each* person’s* physical* and* mental* health.* The* nurse’s* understanding* of* these*
factors* helps* with* formulating* Nursing* diagnoses* that* address* the* patient’s* needs* and*
values* to* prioritize* care.* Erikson’s* Psychosocial* Theory* of* Development* and*
Socialization* is* based* on* individuals’* interacting* and* learning* about* their* world.* Nurses*
use* concepts* of* developmental* theory* to* critically* think* in* providing* care* for* their*
patients* at* various* stages* of* their* lives.
Rosenstock* (1974)* developed* the* psychological* Health* Belief* Model.* The* model* addresses*
possible* reasons* for* why* a* patient* may* not* comply* with* recommended* health* promotion*
behaviors.* This* model* is* especially* useful* to* nurses* as* they* educate* patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.5 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* CN
a t egR
or y:IS a f G
e* a nB
d * E.f C
f e ct iM
v e * Care* Environment:* Management*
of* Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* CoordinatiU on * S* N* T O
2. A* nursing* student* is* preparing* study* notes* from* a* recent* lecture* in* nursing* history.*
The* student* would* credit* Florence* Nightingale* for* which* definition* of* nursing?
a. The* imbalance* between* the* patient* and* the* environment * decreases* the* capacity*
for* health.
b. The* nurse* needs* to* focus* on* interpersonal* processes* between* nurse* and* patient.
c. The* nurse* assists* the* patient* with* essential* functions* toward* independence.
d. Human* beings* are* interacting* in* continuous* motion* as* energy* fields.
ANS:* A
Florence* Nightingale’s* (1860)* concept* of* the* environment* emphasized* prevention* and*
clean* air,* water,* and* housing.* This* theory* states* that* the* imbalance* between* the* patient*
and* the* environment* decreases* the* capacity* for* health* and* does* not* allow* for* conservation*
of* energy.* Hildegard* Peplau* (1952)* focused* on* the* roles* played* by* the* nurse* and* the*
interpersonal* process* between* a* nurse* and* a* patient.* Virginia* Henderson* described* the*
nurse’s* role* as* substitutive* (doing* for* the* person),* supplementary* (helping* the* person),* or*
complementary* (working* with* the* person),* with* the* goal* of* independence* for* the* patient.*
Martha* Rogers* (1970)* developed* the* Science* of* Unitary* Human* Beings.* She* stated* that*
human* beings* and* their* environments* are* interacting* in* continuous* motion* as* infinite*
energy* fields.
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
DIF: Understanding OBJ:* 1.4 TOP:*
Planning* MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Health* Promotion* and*
Maintenance* NOT:* Concepts:* Health* Promotion
3. The* nurse* identifies* which* nurse* established* the* American* Red* Cross* during* the* Civil* War?
a. Dorothea* Dix
b. Linda* Richards
c. Lena* Higbee
d. Clara* Barton
ANS:* D
Clara* Barton* practiced* nursing* in* the* Civil* War* and* established* the* American* Red* Cross.*
Dorothea* Dix* was* the* head* of* the* U.S.* Sanitary* Commission,* which* was* a* forerunner* of*
the* Army* Nurse* Corps.* Linda* Richards* was* America’s* first* trained* nurse,* graduating*
from* Boston’s* Women’s* Hospital* in* 1873,* and* Lena* Higbee,* superintendent* of* the* U.S.*
Navy* Nurse* Corps,* was* awarded* the* Navy* Cross* in* 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* 1.3 TOP:*
Assessment* MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Health* Promotion* and*
Maintenance
NOT:* Concepts:* Professionalism
4. The* nursing* instructor* is* researching* the* five* proficiencies* regarded* as* essential* for*
students* and* professionals.* The* nursing* instructor* identifies* which* organization* would*
be* found* to* have* added* safety* as* a* sixth* competency?
a. Quality* and* Safety* Education* for* Nurses* (QSEN)
b. Institute* of* Medicine* (IOM)
c. American* Association* of* Colleges* of* Nursing* (AACN)
d. National* League* for* Nursing* (NLN)
ANS:* A
The* Institute* of* Medicine* r epNo r t ,RHe I GP r oBf e.s sCi o nMs * Education:* A* Bridge* to* Quality* (2003),*
outlines* five* core* competencies. S aNl t*hinclude
U * These * patient-centered* care,* interdisciplinary
teamwork,* use* of* evidence-based* medicine,* quality* improvement,* and* use* of* information*
technology.* QSEN* added* safety* as* a* sixth* competency.* The* Essentials* of* Baccalaureate*
Education* for* Professional* Nursing* Practice* are* provided* and* updated* by* the* American*
Association* of* Colleges* of* Nursing* (AACN)* (2008).* The* document* offers* a* framework* for*
the* education* of* professional* nurses* with* outcomes* for* students* to* meet.* The* National*
League* for* Nursing* (NLN)* outlines* and* updates* competencies* for* practical,* associate,*
baccalaureate,* and* graduate* nursing* education* programs.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.1 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
5. The* nurse* manager* is* interviewing* graduate* nurses* to* fill* existing* staffing* vacancies.*
When* hiring* graduate* nurses,* the* nurse* manager* realizes* that* they* will* probably* not* be*
considered* “competent”* until* they* complete* which* task?
a. They* graduate* and* pass* NCLEX.
b. They* have* worked* 2* to* 3* years.
c. Their* last* year* of* nursing* school.
d. They* are* actually* hired.
ANS:* B
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
Benner’s* model* identifies* five* levels* of* proficiency:* novice,* advanced* beginner,*
competent,* proficient,* and* expert.* The* student* nurse* progresses* from* novice* to* advanced*
beginner* during* nursing* school* and* attains* the* competent* level* after* approximately* 2* to*
3* years* of* work* experience* after* graduation.* To* obtain* the* RN* credential,* a* person* must*
graduate* from* an* approved* school* of* nursing* and* pass* a* state* licensing* examination*
called* the* National* Council* Licensure* Examination* for* Registered* Nurses* (NCLEX-RN)*
usually* taken* soon* after* completion* of* an* approved* nursing* program.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.7 TOP:* Planning
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
6. The* prospective* student* is* considering* options* for* beginning* a* career* in* nursing.*
Which* degree* would* best* match* the* student’s* desire* to* conduct* research* at* the*
university* level?
a. Associate* Degree* in* Nursing* (ADN)
b. Bachelor* of* Science* in* Nursing* (BSN)
c. Doctor* of* Nursing* Practice* (DNP)
d. Doctor* of* Philosophy* in* Nursing* (PhD)
ANS:* D
Doctoral* nursing* education* can* result* in* a* Doctor* of* Philosophy* (PhD)* degree.* This*
degree* prepares* nurses* for* leadership* roles* in* research,* teaching,* and* administration* that*
are* essential* to* advancing* nursing* as* a* profession.* Associate* Degree* in* Nursing* (ADN)*
programs* usually* are* conducted* in* a* community* college* setting.* The* nursing* curriculum*
focuses* on* adult* acute* and* chronic* disease;* maternal/child* health;* pediatrics;* and*
psychiatric/mental* health* nursing.* ADN* RNs* may* return* to* school* to* earn* a* bachelor’s*
degree* or* higher* in* an* RN-to-BSN* or* RN-to-MSN* program.* Bachelor’s* degree* programs*
include* community* health* and N * management
R I G B*.courses
C * beyond* t hUo s eSp r oNv i d Te d * in*
anOassociate* degree* program.* A* newer
practice-focused* doctoral* degree* is* the* Doctor* of* Nursing* practice* (DNP),* which*
concentrates* on* the* clinical* aspects* of* nursing.* DNP* specialties* include* the* four* advanced*
practice* roles* of
NP,* CNS,* CNM,* and* CRNA.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.9 TOP:* Assessment
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
7. During* a* staff* meeting,* the* nurse* manager* announces* that* the* hospital* will* be* seeking*
Magnet* status.* To* explain* the* requirements* for* this* award,* the* nurse* manager* will*
contact* which* organization?
a. American* Nurses* Association* (ANA)
b. American* Nurses* Credentialing* Center* (ANCC)
c. National* League* for* Nursing* (NLN)
d. Joint* Commission
ANS:* B
The* American* Nurses* Credentialing* Center* (ANCC)* awards* Magnet* Recognition* to*
hospitals* that* have* shown* excellence* and* innovation* in* nursing.* The* ANA* is* a*
professional* organization* that* provides* standards* of* nursing* practice.* The* National*
League* for* Nursing* (NLN)* outlines* and* updates* competencies* for* practical,* associate,*
baccalaureate,* and* graduate* nursing* education* programs.* The* Joint* Commission* is* the*
accrediting* organization* for* health* care* facilities* in* the* United* States.
PRIMEXAM.COM
, Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Test Bank
DIF: Remembering OBJ:* * 1.1 TOP:* Assessment
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
8. The* nurse* is* caring* for* a* patient* who* refuses* two* units* of* packed* red* blood* cells.*
When* the* nurse* notifies* the* health* care* provider* of* the* patient’s* decision,* the* nurse* is*
acting* in* which* role?
a. Manager
b. Change* agent
c. Advocate
d. Educator
ANS:* C
As* the* patient’s* advocate,* the* nurse* interprets* information* and* provides* the* necessary*
education.* The* nurse* then* accepts* and* respects* the* patient’s* decisions* even* if* they* are*
different* from* the* nurse’s* own* beliefs.* The* nurse* supports* the* patient’s* wishes* and*
communicates* them* to* other* health* care* providers.* A* nurse* manages* all* of* the* activities*
and* treatments* for* patients.* In* the* role* of* change* agent,* the* nurse* works* with* patients* to*
address* their* health* concerns* and* with* staff* members* to* address* change* in* an* organization*
or* within* a* community.* The* nurse* ensures* that* the* patient* receives* sufficient* information*
on* which* to* base* consent* for* care* and* related* treatment.* Education* becomes* a* major*
focus* of* discharge* planning* so* that* patients* will* be* prepared* to* handle* their* own* needs*
at* home.
DIF: Applying OBJ:* * 1.2 TOP:* Implementation
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
NURSINGTB.COM
9. The* nursing* student* develops* a* plan* of* care* based* on* a* recently* published* article* describing
the* effects* of* bed* rest* on* a* patient’s* calcium* blood* levels.* When* creating* the* plan* of* care,* the*
nursing* student* has* the* obligation* to* consider* which* action?
a. Critically*appraise* the* evidence* and* determine* validity.
b. Ensure* that* the* plan* of* care* does* not* alter* current* practice.
c. Change* the* process* even* when* there* is* no* problem* identified.
d. Maintain* the* plan* of* care* regardless* of* initial* outcome.
ANS:* A
Evidence-based* practice* (EBP)* is* an* integration* of* the* best-available* research* evidence*
with* clinical* judgment* about* a* specific* patient* situation.* The* nurse* assesses* current* and*
past* research,* clinical* guidelines,* and* other* resources* to* identify* relevant* literature.* The*
application* of* EBP* includes* critically* appraising* the* evidence* to* assess* its* validity,*
designing* a* change* for* practice,* assessing* the* need* for* change* and* identifying* a* problem,*
and* integrating* and* maintaining* change* while* monitoring* process* and* outcomes* by*
reevaluating* the* application* of* evidence* and* assessing* areas* for* improvement.
DIF: Applying OBJ:* * 1.2 TOP:* Implementation
MSC:* NCLEX* Client* Needs* Category:* Safe* and* Effective* Care* Environment:* Management* of*
Care* NOT:* Concepts:* Care* Coordination
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