ABRAMS CLINICAL DRUG CH. 1 AND 2 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2026
Biotechnology - Answers a process the manipulates DNA and RNA and recombining genes into hybrid
molecules
Brand (trade) name - Answers manufacturer's chosen name for a drug which is protected by a patent.
Capitalize the name
controlled substance - Answers drugs that are categorized by the feds according to theraputic
usefulness and potential for abuse - aka scheduled drugs
drug classifications - Answers meds that are grouped according to their effects on particular body
systems, their therapitic uses and their chemical characteristics
OCT drugs - Answers meds for purchase without suscription
pharmacoeconomics - Answers cost of drug therapy which includes purchasing, storage,
administration, and lab and other tests to monitor patients; also losses due to exspiration
pharmacotherapy - Answers use of drugs to prevent, diagnose, or treat signs symptoms and disease
processes
placebo - Answers inert substance containing no meds and given reinforce a person's expectations to
improve. used in phase III of the testing process
prescription drugs - Answers meds that have to be ordered by a licenced health care provider
prototype - Answers often the first drug of a particular drug class to be developed; is usually the
standard against newer simliar drugs are compared
generic name - Answers related to the chemical used to make drug which is independent of the
manuafacturer (not capitalized)
Schedule I - Answers no accepted med use, no safety, herion, LSD, MDMA
Schedule II - Answers drugs that are used medically and high abuse potential: opiods, CNS stimulants
like coke, meth
Schedule III - Answers drugs with less potential for abuse but have psychlogical or physical
dependence. anabolic steriods, depressants, codeine. have accepted medical use
Schedule IV - Answers accepted drugs with little potential for abuse.
Schedule V - Answers OTC drugs that have moderate amount of controlled substances.
7 rights - Answers right, drug, dose, patient, route, time, reason, and documentation
pregnancy category - Answers identifies the risk of fetal injury due to drug therapy if used by as
directed by the mother during pregnancy. Ranges from A (safest) to X (most dangerous)
med error reduction strategies - Answers get a quiet zone to prepare, quiet zone signs, wear a sash
that indicates doing drugs, educate staff to reduce interruptions, follow protocols and checklist
outlining med admin.
absorption - Answers process that occurs from the time a drug enters body to the time it enters the
bloodstream to be circulated
agonist - Answers drug that produces effects similar to those produced by naturally occuring
hormones, neurotransmitters and other substances
antagonist - Answers drug that inhibits cell function by occupying receptors sites
antidote - Answers substance that relieves, prevents or counteracts the effect of poison
bioavailabilty - Answers portion of drug dose that reaches systemic circulation and is available to act
on body cells
biotransformation - Answers when drugs are altered from their original state into a new form by the
body; AKA metabolism
distribution - Answers transport of drugs within the body
enterohepatic recirculation - Answers drugs and metabolites that are excreted by the bile, reabsorbed
from the small intestine, returned to the liver, metabolized, and eventually excreted by urine
enzyme induction - Answers production of larger amounts of drug-metabolizing enzymes by liver cells
enzyme inhibition - Answers process in which a molecule binds to enzymes and inhibits their activity
excretion - Answers elimination of a drug from body
first pass effect - Answers initial metabolism of some oral drugs as they are carried from the intestine
to the liver by the portal circulatory system prior to reaching the systemic circulation for distrubution
to site of action
hypersensitivity - Answers immune-medicated reaction to a drug
2026
Biotechnology - Answers a process the manipulates DNA and RNA and recombining genes into hybrid
molecules
Brand (trade) name - Answers manufacturer's chosen name for a drug which is protected by a patent.
Capitalize the name
controlled substance - Answers drugs that are categorized by the feds according to theraputic
usefulness and potential for abuse - aka scheduled drugs
drug classifications - Answers meds that are grouped according to their effects on particular body
systems, their therapitic uses and their chemical characteristics
OCT drugs - Answers meds for purchase without suscription
pharmacoeconomics - Answers cost of drug therapy which includes purchasing, storage,
administration, and lab and other tests to monitor patients; also losses due to exspiration
pharmacotherapy - Answers use of drugs to prevent, diagnose, or treat signs symptoms and disease
processes
placebo - Answers inert substance containing no meds and given reinforce a person's expectations to
improve. used in phase III of the testing process
prescription drugs - Answers meds that have to be ordered by a licenced health care provider
prototype - Answers often the first drug of a particular drug class to be developed; is usually the
standard against newer simliar drugs are compared
generic name - Answers related to the chemical used to make drug which is independent of the
manuafacturer (not capitalized)
Schedule I - Answers no accepted med use, no safety, herion, LSD, MDMA
Schedule II - Answers drugs that are used medically and high abuse potential: opiods, CNS stimulants
like coke, meth
Schedule III - Answers drugs with less potential for abuse but have psychlogical or physical
dependence. anabolic steriods, depressants, codeine. have accepted medical use
Schedule IV - Answers accepted drugs with little potential for abuse.
Schedule V - Answers OTC drugs that have moderate amount of controlled substances.
7 rights - Answers right, drug, dose, patient, route, time, reason, and documentation
pregnancy category - Answers identifies the risk of fetal injury due to drug therapy if used by as
directed by the mother during pregnancy. Ranges from A (safest) to X (most dangerous)
med error reduction strategies - Answers get a quiet zone to prepare, quiet zone signs, wear a sash
that indicates doing drugs, educate staff to reduce interruptions, follow protocols and checklist
outlining med admin.
absorption - Answers process that occurs from the time a drug enters body to the time it enters the
bloodstream to be circulated
agonist - Answers drug that produces effects similar to those produced by naturally occuring
hormones, neurotransmitters and other substances
antagonist - Answers drug that inhibits cell function by occupying receptors sites
antidote - Answers substance that relieves, prevents or counteracts the effect of poison
bioavailabilty - Answers portion of drug dose that reaches systemic circulation and is available to act
on body cells
biotransformation - Answers when drugs are altered from their original state into a new form by the
body; AKA metabolism
distribution - Answers transport of drugs within the body
enterohepatic recirculation - Answers drugs and metabolites that are excreted by the bile, reabsorbed
from the small intestine, returned to the liver, metabolized, and eventually excreted by urine
enzyme induction - Answers production of larger amounts of drug-metabolizing enzymes by liver cells
enzyme inhibition - Answers process in which a molecule binds to enzymes and inhibits their activity
excretion - Answers elimination of a drug from body
first pass effect - Answers initial metabolism of some oral drugs as they are carried from the intestine
to the liver by the portal circulatory system prior to reaching the systemic circulation for distrubution
to site of action
hypersensitivity - Answers immune-medicated reaction to a drug
