NURS8024 MODULE 3 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.Describe antacids. - ANSWERS✔-weak bases that react with gastric
acid to form water and salt, diminishing gastric acidity
acid-neutralizing ability depends on the capacity to neutralize gastric
HCl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
\.Therapeutic use of antacids. - ANSWERS✔-symptomatic relief of PUD
(duodenal more than gastric) and GERD
Ca-carbonate versions may be used off-label as Ca supplements for
osteoporosis
goals of Tx: reduce or eliminate symptoms, decrease frequency and
duration of GERD, and promote healing of injured mucosa and prevent
complications
,\.List some commonly used antacid drug classes. - ANSWERS✔-calcium
salts: ca-carbonate (Tums)
sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzer)
aluminum salts: al-hydroxide (Amphojel), al-carbonate (Basajel)
magnesium salts/oxide (Milk of Magnesia)
combination products: al-hydroxide + mg-hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta),
alginic acid + mg-trisilicate + ca-stearate (Gaviscon)
\.List some adverse effects of antacids. - ANSWERS✔-al-hydroxide:
constipation
mg-hydroxide: diarrhea
aluminum containing antacids: binding of phosphate
(hypophosphatemia)
sodium bicarb: belching, flatulence, systemic alkalosis
,antacids with sodium: problematic in HTN and CHF
excessive intake of ca-carbonate w/ ca-foods: hypercalcemia
can cause drug interactions with cartain drugs (e.g. ABX)
\.List some patient variables to consider for antacids. - ANSWERS✔-
Geriatrics: avoid mg-antacids with renal failure, avoid na-antacids d/t
fluid retention
Peds: safety not established
Preg/Lact: no FDA category established, generally safe
\.Describe mucosal protective agents. - ANSWERS✔-cytoprotective
compounds that enhance mucosal protection mechanisms, prevent
mucosal injury, decrease inflammation, and promotes healing of
existing ulcers
\.Sucralfate - ANSWERS✔-mucosal protective agent
, complex of al-hydroxide and sulfated sucrose
becomes gel in the stomach, binds to injured tissue, and forms a
physical barrier over the ulcer bed
accelerates healing of peptic ulcers and decreases recurrence (with LT
use)
is difficult to maintain pt adherence: interferes with absorption of other
substances and must be taken QID
requires an acidic pH for activation (do not use with H2/PPI)
\.Describe bismuth compounds. - ANSWERS✔-mucosal protective
agents, MOA unclear
bismuth subcitrate potassium - combination Rx with metronidazole and
tetracycline for H. pylori
bismuth subsalicylate (OTC) - coats ulcers & protects against pepsin and
acid, antimicrobial effect binds enterotoxins, decreases stool frequency
& liquidity in AID, causes black stools (harmless), avoid in renal
insufficiency
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.Describe antacids. - ANSWERS✔-weak bases that react with gastric
acid to form water and salt, diminishing gastric acidity
acid-neutralizing ability depends on the capacity to neutralize gastric
HCl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
\.Therapeutic use of antacids. - ANSWERS✔-symptomatic relief of PUD
(duodenal more than gastric) and GERD
Ca-carbonate versions may be used off-label as Ca supplements for
osteoporosis
goals of Tx: reduce or eliminate symptoms, decrease frequency and
duration of GERD, and promote healing of injured mucosa and prevent
complications
,\.List some commonly used antacid drug classes. - ANSWERS✔-calcium
salts: ca-carbonate (Tums)
sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzer)
aluminum salts: al-hydroxide (Amphojel), al-carbonate (Basajel)
magnesium salts/oxide (Milk of Magnesia)
combination products: al-hydroxide + mg-hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta),
alginic acid + mg-trisilicate + ca-stearate (Gaviscon)
\.List some adverse effects of antacids. - ANSWERS✔-al-hydroxide:
constipation
mg-hydroxide: diarrhea
aluminum containing antacids: binding of phosphate
(hypophosphatemia)
sodium bicarb: belching, flatulence, systemic alkalosis
,antacids with sodium: problematic in HTN and CHF
excessive intake of ca-carbonate w/ ca-foods: hypercalcemia
can cause drug interactions with cartain drugs (e.g. ABX)
\.List some patient variables to consider for antacids. - ANSWERS✔-
Geriatrics: avoid mg-antacids with renal failure, avoid na-antacids d/t
fluid retention
Peds: safety not established
Preg/Lact: no FDA category established, generally safe
\.Describe mucosal protective agents. - ANSWERS✔-cytoprotective
compounds that enhance mucosal protection mechanisms, prevent
mucosal injury, decrease inflammation, and promotes healing of
existing ulcers
\.Sucralfate - ANSWERS✔-mucosal protective agent
, complex of al-hydroxide and sulfated sucrose
becomes gel in the stomach, binds to injured tissue, and forms a
physical barrier over the ulcer bed
accelerates healing of peptic ulcers and decreases recurrence (with LT
use)
is difficult to maintain pt adherence: interferes with absorption of other
substances and must be taken QID
requires an acidic pH for activation (do not use with H2/PPI)
\.Describe bismuth compounds. - ANSWERS✔-mucosal protective
agents, MOA unclear
bismuth subcitrate potassium - combination Rx with metronidazole and
tetracycline for H. pylori
bismuth subsalicylate (OTC) - coats ulcers & protects against pepsin and
acid, antimicrobial effect binds enterotoxins, decreases stool frequency
& liquidity in AID, causes black stools (harmless), avoid in renal
insufficiency
