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WGU C172 Network and Security Foundations 2026 – 200 Questions and Answers on LAN Topologies, OSI Model, Ethernet, IP Addressing & Wireless Security

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This document contains approximately 200 structured WGU C172 Network and Security Foundations 2026 exam questions and verified answers covering LAN definitions, topologies (bus, ring, star, mesh), OSI model layers, Ethernet frame structure, MAC and IP addressing, wireless networking standards, NAT/PAT, routers, modems, troubleshooting steps, and home network security . The material begins with core networking fundamentals such as protocol definitions, deterministic Token Ring topology, bus topology disadvantages, star topology advantages, and mesh redundancy. It then provides an in-depth breakdown of the OSI model (Layers 1–7), including physical components (UTP, fiber, NIC), MAC addressing at the Data Link layer, IP routing at the Network layer, TCP/UDP at the Transport layer, and HTTP/FTP/SMTP at the Application layer. The document thoroughly explains Ethernet standards (CSMA/CD), Ethernet frame structure (preamble, SFD, MAC addresses, length/type, data, pad, FCS), minimum and maximum frame sizes (64–1518 bytes), link integrity tests, ping (ICMP), CAT6 capabilities, crossover vs straight-through cables, and port functionality. IP addressing fundamentals include 32-bit IPv4 structure, class A/B/C/D ranges, host vs network number distinctions, private address usage, IANA assignment, and intranet design. Wireless networking sections review Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n), frequency ranges (2.4 GHz vs 5 GHz), data speeds, SSID management, MAC filtering, encryption best practices, NAT overloading, firewall protection, VPN connections, and troubleshooting procedures for wired and wireless home networks. The structured Q&A format aligns directly with WGU C172 Objective Assessment (OA) and Performance Assessment (PA) objectives, reinforcing terminology recall, network configuration concepts, troubleshooting logic (Layer 1, Layer 3, Layer 7 isolation), and foundational cybersecurity protections required for passing the C172 exam. This document may concern: • WGU C172 Network and Security Foundations • Introduction to Networking • Network Fundamentals • IT Infrastructure Basics • CompTIA Network+ Foundations • Cybersecurity Foundations It is particularly relevant for: • WGU IT students • Cybersecurity majors • Network administration students • Students preparing for WGU C172 Objective Assessment • Entry-level IT certification candidates Keywords: WGU C172 network and security 2026 LAN ring bus star mesh topology OSI model 7 layers physical data link network transport session presentation application Ethernet CSMA CD protocol Ethernet frame preamble SFD FCS MAC address 48 bit hexadecimal OUI IPv4 32 bit address class A B C D private IP addresses intranet NAT overloading PAT translation wireless security SSID MAC filtering encryption 802.11a b g n frequency speeds crossover vs straight through cable ping ICMP echo request reply CAT6 1 gigabit 100 meters home network troubleshooting steps

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WGU C172 Network and Security
- Foundations; PA and OA set
2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | 100% Pass



It is a network of users that share computer resources in a limited area. - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔LAN


Local Area Network - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔LAN

,How are Local Area Networks defined? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In terms of

protocol and the topology used for accessing the network.

A set of rules established for users to exchange information - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Protocol


The network architecture used to interconnect the networking equipment. -

🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Topology


What are the most common topologies for LANs? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ring,

Bus, and Star

Uses a token that is placed in the data channel and circulates around the

ring. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Token Ring topology


A deterministic network - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Token Ring Topology


Each station connected to the network ensures access for transmission of

its messages at regular or fixed time intervals - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Deterministic


What are the disadvantages of the Token Ring system? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.

If an error changes the token pattern, it can cause the token to stop

circulating.

,What is a disadvantage of the Token Ring system from the troubleshooting

and maintenance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The token ring path must be

temporarily broken or interrupted if a computer or any device on the

network is to be removed or added to the network.

What is a solution to the troubleshooting and maintenance disadvantages

of the Token Ring system? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Connect each computer or

device on the network to a central token ring hub.

A device that manages the passing of the token instead of relying on

individual computers to pass it. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Token ring hub


How does the token ring hub improve the network? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It

improves the reliability of the network.

Topology whereas the computers share the media or coaxial cable for data

transmission. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bus topology


The coaxial cable that is looped through each networking device to transmit

data in a bus topology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ThinNet


In this topology, all devices on the network can see each other's data

traffic. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bus topology



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, Topology whereas each computer must wait for pauses in transmission or

until the transmission from one device is complete before initiating a new

transmission onto the network. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bus topology


What are the disadvantages of a bus topology? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔"1. Data

can be corrupted if ore than one device on the network transmits at the

same time and will have to be resubmitted.

2. The use of the shared coaxial cable prevents data transmission from

being very bandwidth-efficient."

Which topology is seldomly used in modern networks? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Bus topology


What is the most common topology used in today's LANs? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Star topology


Topology that uses twisted-pair cables with modular plugs to connect

computers and other networking devices. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Star topology


Topology whereas each device is connected to a switch or hub - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔Star

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