EpiStats Midterm Questions With Complete Solutions
6 Core Epidemiological Functions Correct Answers
Surveillance
Field Investigations
Analytical Studies
Evaluation
Linkages
Policy
A 95% confidence interval for a mean indicates that
A. We can be 95% confident that the true population mean lies
within the interval.
B. 95% of the observations are located within the interval.
C. We can be 95% confident that the true population mean lies
within the interval.
D. There is a 95% chance that the finding is statistically
significant. Correct Answers A. We can be 95% confident that
the true population mean lies within the interval.
A clinical nurse specialist on an inpatient unit compares two
interventions for reducing the number of medication errors. A
statistical test comparing the number of errors in each group
yields a p-value of 0.50. This p-value indicates that
a. There is a statistically significant difference between the
groups
,b. There is a risk of a Type I error.
c. There is not a statistically significant difference between the
groups.
d. There is not enough information presented to interpret the
findings. Correct Answers c. There is not a statistically
significant difference between the groups.
A nonparametric test should be used when ANY of the
following conditions are present: Correct Answers 1. The data
are NOT measured at the interval or ratio level, -OR-
2. The data are NOT normally distributed, -OR-
3. The data has outliers.
A nurse practitioner student is completing his final practicum in
the outpatient clinic of the health care organization that is part of
the university. As a part of the course requirements for the final
term, the student must complete a quality improvement project.
The student decides to examine whether the staff routinely
assess vaccination status for healthy adults. Since this is a
quality improvement project for the clinic and a course
requirement for the student, does the student need any additional
approvals to review patient records for this project?
a. No, only research projects require approval.
b. Yes, the student needs to obtain appropriate permission to
examine the data.
c. No, this is a required student project and it is being conducted
at the student's own university medical center.
d. Yes, the student's project must undergo a full IRB review and
approval. Correct Answers b. Yes, the student needs to obtain
appropriate permission to examine the data.
, A nurse researcher compares two interventions for preventing
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in an
academic medical center. A statistical test comparing the
number of infections in the two groups yields a p-value of 0.01.
This p-value means that
a. There is a statistically significant difference between the
groups.
b. There is not a statistically significant difference between the
two groups.
c. A larger sample is needed to determine statistical significance.
d. The difference is clinically but not statistically significant.
Correct Answers a. There is a statistically significant difference
between the groups.
A p-value 0.50 from a Spearman Correlation Coefficient would
indicate that there is Correct Answers Not a statistically
significant relationship between the variables.
A Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.04. This correlation
indicates that there is Correct Answers A very weak
relationship between the variables.
A r-value of 0.33 indicates Correct Answers A moderate
relationship between the variables.
A researcher is comparing the outcome variable of cost in US
dollars in 3 independent groups. The data are normally
distributed without outliers. The researcher should use which of
6 Core Epidemiological Functions Correct Answers
Surveillance
Field Investigations
Analytical Studies
Evaluation
Linkages
Policy
A 95% confidence interval for a mean indicates that
A. We can be 95% confident that the true population mean lies
within the interval.
B. 95% of the observations are located within the interval.
C. We can be 95% confident that the true population mean lies
within the interval.
D. There is a 95% chance that the finding is statistically
significant. Correct Answers A. We can be 95% confident that
the true population mean lies within the interval.
A clinical nurse specialist on an inpatient unit compares two
interventions for reducing the number of medication errors. A
statistical test comparing the number of errors in each group
yields a p-value of 0.50. This p-value indicates that
a. There is a statistically significant difference between the
groups
,b. There is a risk of a Type I error.
c. There is not a statistically significant difference between the
groups.
d. There is not enough information presented to interpret the
findings. Correct Answers c. There is not a statistically
significant difference between the groups.
A nonparametric test should be used when ANY of the
following conditions are present: Correct Answers 1. The data
are NOT measured at the interval or ratio level, -OR-
2. The data are NOT normally distributed, -OR-
3. The data has outliers.
A nurse practitioner student is completing his final practicum in
the outpatient clinic of the health care organization that is part of
the university. As a part of the course requirements for the final
term, the student must complete a quality improvement project.
The student decides to examine whether the staff routinely
assess vaccination status for healthy adults. Since this is a
quality improvement project for the clinic and a course
requirement for the student, does the student need any additional
approvals to review patient records for this project?
a. No, only research projects require approval.
b. Yes, the student needs to obtain appropriate permission to
examine the data.
c. No, this is a required student project and it is being conducted
at the student's own university medical center.
d. Yes, the student's project must undergo a full IRB review and
approval. Correct Answers b. Yes, the student needs to obtain
appropriate permission to examine the data.
, A nurse researcher compares two interventions for preventing
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in an
academic medical center. A statistical test comparing the
number of infections in the two groups yields a p-value of 0.01.
This p-value means that
a. There is a statistically significant difference between the
groups.
b. There is not a statistically significant difference between the
two groups.
c. A larger sample is needed to determine statistical significance.
d. The difference is clinically but not statistically significant.
Correct Answers a. There is a statistically significant difference
between the groups.
A p-value 0.50 from a Spearman Correlation Coefficient would
indicate that there is Correct Answers Not a statistically
significant relationship between the variables.
A Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.04. This correlation
indicates that there is Correct Answers A very weak
relationship between the variables.
A r-value of 0.33 indicates Correct Answers A moderate
relationship between the variables.
A researcher is comparing the outcome variable of cost in US
dollars in 3 independent groups. The data are normally
distributed without outliers. The researcher should use which of
