FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND SKILLS
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Historical Overview / Florence Nightingale
Stem: A newly licensed practical nurse (LPN) begins orientation
on a medical-surgical unit. The charge nurse emphasizes
importance of maintaining a clean environment to prevent
infection, citing Nightingale’s influence. Which action by the
LPN best reflects Nightingale’s principles applied today?
A. Replacing soiled linens once per shift unless visibly
contaminated
B. Ensuring patient rooms have adequate ventilation and
removing clutter daily
C. Administering antibiotics before culture results to prevent
,sepsis
D. Allowing family members unrestricted visiting to improve
morale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Nightingale highlighted environment
(ventilation, cleanliness) as essential to health; ensuring
ventilation and removing clutter reduces infection risks and
aligns with foundational nursing care. It reflects assessment and
implementation priorities.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Replacing soiled linens once per shift unless visibly
contaminated — Inadequate; linens should be changed when
soiled or per protocol to prevent contamination.
C. Administering antibiotics before culture results — Medical
decision outside nursing scope and risks inappropriate therapy.
D. Unrestricted visiting — While supportive, it can increase
infection risk and should be balanced with safety policies.
Teaching Point: Clean, well-ventilated environments reduce
infection and promote healing.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Nursing in North America / Education Pathways
Stem: An LPN is counseling a high school student exploring
,nursing careers. The student wants a role with more autonomy
and advanced clinical decision-making. Which statement
accurately describes the difference between practical nursing
and registered nursing?
A. LPN programs always require a bachelor’s degree while RN
programs do not
B. RNs generally receive broader education allowing greater
responsibility in assessment and care planning
C. LPNs are trained to perform independent diagnostic tests and
prescribe medications
D. RNs only manage administrative tasks and do not provide
bedside care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: RN education (ADN/BSN) typically
includes more in-depth assessment, care planning, and clinical
decision-making, giving RNs broader responsibilities compared
with LPNs.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LPN programs always require a bachelor’s degree — False;
LPN programs are typically diploma or certificate level.
C. LPNs prescribe medications — Prescriptive authority is
outside LPN scope.
D. RNs only manage administrative tasks — Incorrect; RNs
provide direct patient care and leadership.
Teaching Point: RN education prepares nurses for broader
assessment and clinical judgment.
, Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
3
Reference: Ch. 1 — The Art and Science of Nursing — Evidence-
Based Practice
Stem: On orientation, the LPN learns the unit uses evidence-
based protocols for Foley catheter care to reduce CAUTI rates. A
patient with an indwelling catheter reports localized bladder
discomfort but no fever. Which nursing action best follows
evidence-based practice?
A. Remove the catheter immediately without discussing with
RN or provider
B. Assess urine characteristics, document findings, and notify
the RN for further evaluation
C. Increase patient fluid intake and wait 48 hours before
reporting to RN
D. Administer an over-the-counter analgesic and note
improvement on next shift
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Evidence-based practice requires
assessment, documentation, and timely communication to the
RN for collaborative decision-making; this preserves patient
safety and follows protocols.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Removing catheter immediately — Premature and may
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Historical Overview / Florence Nightingale
Stem: A newly licensed practical nurse (LPN) begins orientation
on a medical-surgical unit. The charge nurse emphasizes
importance of maintaining a clean environment to prevent
infection, citing Nightingale’s influence. Which action by the
LPN best reflects Nightingale’s principles applied today?
A. Replacing soiled linens once per shift unless visibly
contaminated
B. Ensuring patient rooms have adequate ventilation and
removing clutter daily
C. Administering antibiotics before culture results to prevent
,sepsis
D. Allowing family members unrestricted visiting to improve
morale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Nightingale highlighted environment
(ventilation, cleanliness) as essential to health; ensuring
ventilation and removing clutter reduces infection risks and
aligns with foundational nursing care. It reflects assessment and
implementation priorities.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Replacing soiled linens once per shift unless visibly
contaminated — Inadequate; linens should be changed when
soiled or per protocol to prevent contamination.
C. Administering antibiotics before culture results — Medical
decision outside nursing scope and risks inappropriate therapy.
D. Unrestricted visiting — While supportive, it can increase
infection risk and should be balanced with safety policies.
Teaching Point: Clean, well-ventilated environments reduce
infection and promote healing.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Nursing in North America / Education Pathways
Stem: An LPN is counseling a high school student exploring
,nursing careers. The student wants a role with more autonomy
and advanced clinical decision-making. Which statement
accurately describes the difference between practical nursing
and registered nursing?
A. LPN programs always require a bachelor’s degree while RN
programs do not
B. RNs generally receive broader education allowing greater
responsibility in assessment and care planning
C. LPNs are trained to perform independent diagnostic tests and
prescribe medications
D. RNs only manage administrative tasks and do not provide
bedside care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: RN education (ADN/BSN) typically
includes more in-depth assessment, care planning, and clinical
decision-making, giving RNs broader responsibilities compared
with LPNs.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LPN programs always require a bachelor’s degree — False;
LPN programs are typically diploma or certificate level.
C. LPNs prescribe medications — Prescriptive authority is
outside LPN scope.
D. RNs only manage administrative tasks — Incorrect; RNs
provide direct patient care and leadership.
Teaching Point: RN education prepares nurses for broader
assessment and clinical judgment.
, Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
3
Reference: Ch. 1 — The Art and Science of Nursing — Evidence-
Based Practice
Stem: On orientation, the LPN learns the unit uses evidence-
based protocols for Foley catheter care to reduce CAUTI rates. A
patient with an indwelling catheter reports localized bladder
discomfort but no fever. Which nursing action best follows
evidence-based practice?
A. Remove the catheter immediately without discussing with
RN or provider
B. Assess urine characteristics, document findings, and notify
the RN for further evaluation
C. Increase patient fluid intake and wait 48 hours before
reporting to RN
D. Administer an over-the-counter analgesic and note
improvement on next shift
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Evidence-based practice requires
assessment, documentation, and timely communication to the
RN for collaborative decision-making; this preserves patient
safety and follows protocols.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Removing catheter immediately — Premature and may
