QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR - JUST
RELEASED 2026 -2027
tactile fremitus
• INCREASED FREMITUS
- Means there is liquid or solid inside the lungs (consolidation such
as with pneumonia)
- Remember Liquid or solid transmits vibrations better than air
• DECREASED FREMITUS
Means air trapping such as with emphysema or bronchial obstruction.
Bronchophony
the spoken voice sound heard through the stethoscope, which sounds
soft, muffled, and indistinct over normal lung tissue, clearer over
disease
Egophony
abnormal change in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating the lungs
EE--
>AA
, UE Arteries
radial-thumb side, ulnar pinky side
Pulse grading
0 absent
1+ weak
2+ normal
3+ increased
4+ bounding palpate bilaterally
PMI
point of maximal impulse mid-clavicular and 5th ICS
,S1
normal, closure of AV, Start of systole, loudest at Apex, contraction of
ventricles
S2
normal, closure of semilunar, end of systole, loudest at base, filling of
ventricles
S3
third heart sound (normal in pregnant young adults, and children), gallop
S4
extra heart sound, end of diastole, indicative of disease-AFIB
murmur grading scale
I- Barely Audible
II- Quiet, Clearly
Audible III-
moderately Loud
IV-loud, thrill
V-Very loud, can palpate thrill
VI-Very loud, thrill palpable and visible
, clubbing
bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occurs
with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions
edema scale
1+ = disappears rapidly. 2+ = last 10-15 seconds. 3+ = lasts more than one
minute. 4+
= lasts 2-5 minutes. These are signs used in what scale?
normal/abnormal findings spleen
normal=tympanic, dullness could be enlargement not normally felt on
exam
Blumberg Sign: Rebound Test
peritoneal inflammation, hurts more when release from palpation
shifting dullness
a sign of free peritoneal fluid wherein the dullness of percussion shifts,
generally from one side to the other, as the patient is turned from side to
side.
Psoas sign
RLQ pain with extension of right thigh indicative of appendicitis