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Animal Physiology 5th edition Test Bank by Hills, Wyse,
Anderson actual questions and verified answers with
complete solutions.
What is an animal? - 100% correct answer as Multicellular euakaryotes,
heterotrophic (obtain energy from energy- releasing food substances), that
generally reproduce sexually, capable of motion at some point in their lives and
can respond quickly to external stimuli
Animals are structurally dynamic that.... - 100% correct answer as - That
need atoms of bodies in dynamic exchange with the environment.
- Molecular constituents are broken down and rebuilt
- Adults typically resynthesise 2%-3% of their body proteins each day
Properties of animals (relevant at a physiological level) -
100% correct answer as 1. Structurally dynamic
2. Organized systems that require energy
3. Most cells are exposed to internal environment, not external environment
4. Size & time are important considerations (bigger size, longer gestation
time)
Conformity - 100% correct answer as Internal and external conditions are equal.
External temperatures rises so the animal's internal temperature rises too.
Pros: less energy to expend
Cons: cells are subject to sometimes dramatic changes in the environment
Regulation - 100% correct answer as Maintains internal consistency in the face of
external variability
Pros: can occupy more environments due to resilience Cons: requires energy and
more food
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Physiology responses can occur in 3 time frames - 100% correct answer as
1. Acute (rapid response)
2. Chronic (week-months to respond)
3. Evolutionary (change in genotypes)
Why do animals carry so much in make up complexity, organization, and
appearance? - 100% correct answer as Natural selection favors those
variations in a population that increase relative fitness. Increased ability to
survive and reproduce.
Physical laws govern ... - 100% correct answer as Strength, diffusion, movement,
heat exchange, size
As body size increases ... - 100% correct answer as Thicker skeletons
and increased amount of muscle mass (more muscle, less mobility)
Surface area of a cell - 100% correct answer as Exchange of nutrients and
waste products
Volume of a cell - 100% correct answer as is related to the amount of
chemical activity the cell carries out
As a cell increases in size ... - 100% correct answer as its volume
grows proportionally more than its surface area
For diffusion to occur cells... - 100% correct answer as must be bathed in
fluid and exposed to environment directly
Metabolic rate - 100% correct answer as The amount of energy an animal
uses in a unit of time (cal) and (kcal)
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Metabolic rate's relationship with size? - 100% correct answer as
metabolic rate is INVERSELY related to size. Smaller size, higher metabolic
rate, must eat more per body mass.
Endothermic - 100% correct answer as Warmed mostly by heat generated
by metabolism. Ex: mammals, birds, some fishes, and numerous insects
Ectothermic - 100% correct answer as Warmed mostly by heat from external
sources. Ex: invertebrates, fish, reptiles, amphibians
Torpor - 100% correct answer as Activity and metabolism is low which
saves energy
Hibernation - 100% correct answer as Long term torpor that is an
adaptation to winter cold and food scarcity
Aestivation - 100% correct answer as Summer torpor, prolonged
high temperatures and scarce water supplies
Most animals are temperature ... - 100% correct answer as regulators
Thermoregulation - 100% correct answer as The process by which animals
maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range
Homeotherm - 100% correct answer as An organism that maintains its
body temperature at a constant temperature
Poikilotherm - 100% correct answer as An organism with a variable
body temperature changes with its surrounding environment temperature
Endothermy advantages - 100% correct answer as Active metabolism allows for
longer activity & can maintain constant
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temperature with fluctuating environment temperatures. This helped to solve the
problem of living on land!
Endothermy disadvantages - 100% correct answer as Energetically
expensive therefore they usually consume more food than ectotherms to offset
energy requirements needed.
What are the mechanisms of heat exchange? - 100% correct answer as
Conduction, convection, radiation, evaporation
Conduction - 100% correct answer as Direct transfer of thermal
heat Ex. Lizard on warm rock
Convection - 100% correct answer as The transfer of heat by the movement of air
or liquid past a body surface
Ex. Breeze blowing over lizard
Radiation - 100% correct answer as Emission of electromagnetic
waves Ex. Sun shining down on lizard
Evaporation - 100% correct answer as Loss of heat from a liquid's surface that is
losing some molecules as gas. This will only occur if humidity is less than 100%.
Ex. Liquid evaporating from lizard's nose
How can animals balance heat gain & loss? - 100% correct answer as 1.
Altering the rate of heat exchange by adaptations in the circulatory system of
insulation, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, counter-current heat exchange
2. Cooling by evaporative heat loss
3. Behavioral responses (ectotherms and endotherms)
4. Changing rate of metabolic heat production
Altering the rate of heat exchange - 100% correct answer as Heat loss
is reduced by presence of hair, feathers, and fat.
Animal Physiology 5th edition Test Bank by Hills, Wyse,
Anderson actual questions and verified answers with
complete solutions.
What is an animal? - 100% correct answer as Multicellular euakaryotes,
heterotrophic (obtain energy from energy- releasing food substances), that
generally reproduce sexually, capable of motion at some point in their lives and
can respond quickly to external stimuli
Animals are structurally dynamic that.... - 100% correct answer as - That
need atoms of bodies in dynamic exchange with the environment.
- Molecular constituents are broken down and rebuilt
- Adults typically resynthesise 2%-3% of their body proteins each day
Properties of animals (relevant at a physiological level) -
100% correct answer as 1. Structurally dynamic
2. Organized systems that require energy
3. Most cells are exposed to internal environment, not external environment
4. Size & time are important considerations (bigger size, longer gestation
time)
Conformity - 100% correct answer as Internal and external conditions are equal.
External temperatures rises so the animal's internal temperature rises too.
Pros: less energy to expend
Cons: cells are subject to sometimes dramatic changes in the environment
Regulation - 100% correct answer as Maintains internal consistency in the face of
external variability
Pros: can occupy more environments due to resilience Cons: requires energy and
more food
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Physiology responses can occur in 3 time frames - 100% correct answer as
1. Acute (rapid response)
2. Chronic (week-months to respond)
3. Evolutionary (change in genotypes)
Why do animals carry so much in make up complexity, organization, and
appearance? - 100% correct answer as Natural selection favors those
variations in a population that increase relative fitness. Increased ability to
survive and reproduce.
Physical laws govern ... - 100% correct answer as Strength, diffusion, movement,
heat exchange, size
As body size increases ... - 100% correct answer as Thicker skeletons
and increased amount of muscle mass (more muscle, less mobility)
Surface area of a cell - 100% correct answer as Exchange of nutrients and
waste products
Volume of a cell - 100% correct answer as is related to the amount of
chemical activity the cell carries out
As a cell increases in size ... - 100% correct answer as its volume
grows proportionally more than its surface area
For diffusion to occur cells... - 100% correct answer as must be bathed in
fluid and exposed to environment directly
Metabolic rate - 100% correct answer as The amount of energy an animal
uses in a unit of time (cal) and (kcal)
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Metabolic rate's relationship with size? - 100% correct answer as
metabolic rate is INVERSELY related to size. Smaller size, higher metabolic
rate, must eat more per body mass.
Endothermic - 100% correct answer as Warmed mostly by heat generated
by metabolism. Ex: mammals, birds, some fishes, and numerous insects
Ectothermic - 100% correct answer as Warmed mostly by heat from external
sources. Ex: invertebrates, fish, reptiles, amphibians
Torpor - 100% correct answer as Activity and metabolism is low which
saves energy
Hibernation - 100% correct answer as Long term torpor that is an
adaptation to winter cold and food scarcity
Aestivation - 100% correct answer as Summer torpor, prolonged
high temperatures and scarce water supplies
Most animals are temperature ... - 100% correct answer as regulators
Thermoregulation - 100% correct answer as The process by which animals
maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range
Homeotherm - 100% correct answer as An organism that maintains its
body temperature at a constant temperature
Poikilotherm - 100% correct answer as An organism with a variable
body temperature changes with its surrounding environment temperature
Endothermy advantages - 100% correct answer as Active metabolism allows for
longer activity & can maintain constant
, MEDSTUDY.COM
temperature with fluctuating environment temperatures. This helped to solve the
problem of living on land!
Endothermy disadvantages - 100% correct answer as Energetically
expensive therefore they usually consume more food than ectotherms to offset
energy requirements needed.
What are the mechanisms of heat exchange? - 100% correct answer as
Conduction, convection, radiation, evaporation
Conduction - 100% correct answer as Direct transfer of thermal
heat Ex. Lizard on warm rock
Convection - 100% correct answer as The transfer of heat by the movement of air
or liquid past a body surface
Ex. Breeze blowing over lizard
Radiation - 100% correct answer as Emission of electromagnetic
waves Ex. Sun shining down on lizard
Evaporation - 100% correct answer as Loss of heat from a liquid's surface that is
losing some molecules as gas. This will only occur if humidity is less than 100%.
Ex. Liquid evaporating from lizard's nose
How can animals balance heat gain & loss? - 100% correct answer as 1.
Altering the rate of heat exchange by adaptations in the circulatory system of
insulation, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, counter-current heat exchange
2. Cooling by evaporative heat loss
3. Behavioral responses (ectotherms and endotherms)
4. Changing rate of metabolic heat production
Altering the rate of heat exchange - 100% correct answer as Heat loss
is reduced by presence of hair, feathers, and fat.
