NR606 Final EXAM Questions & Answers, Well
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Terms in this set (235)
Stimulant Medications: -Low risk of adverse effects
Methylphenidate -Available formulations:
• Ritalin - available in immediate release (IR) and
extended release (XR) available in beads that may
be sprinkled on food for children who cannot
swallow pills
• Concerta biphasic - combined immediate and
delayed release in one medication
• Daytrana - patch applied in AM and removed
after 9 hour
Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and ER
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) -More potent than Ritalin
-High risk of adverse effects
Stimulant Medications: Amphetamine -available in orally disintegrating ER formula for
(Adzenys) children who cannot swallow pills
-Avoid prescribing when an MAOI has been used
within 14 days
,Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and extended-release formulations
Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) -Often dosed in morning (IR or XR) with an evening
or evening prn (IR) dose if med effects diminish
prior to end of school, study or the workday
-Most abused & diverted prescription stimulant
Stimulant Medications: -Biologically inactive until metabolized by the
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) body (Prodrug)
-Less abuse & diversion potential than other
stimulants
-Higher-cost medication
Non-stimulant medication: -Noradrenergic (NRI)
Atomoxetine (Strattera) -Initial drug of choice for adults with ADHD
-no abuse potential
-tolerated well when prescribed in BID dosing
-appropriate choice for comorbid substance abuse
-may augment the effects of antidepressants &
antianxiety meds
-can be dosed at bedtime if fatigue is noted
-unlikely to worsen tics
,Non-stimulant medication: Clonidine -α 2 agonist
• May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-enhances precortical function for better mental
focus
-appetite neutral
-may help with sleep disturbances, administer at
bedtime
-adverse effects:
• sedation, brain fog
-monitor of BP closely during initial titration, risk of
hypotension
-tapered to avoid rebound hypertension post
discontinuation
Non-stimulant medication: -α 2 agonist
guanfacine • May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-may also be used for children with tics, sleep
disturbances, or aggression
-tolerability & convenience enhanced by once-
daily oral controlled-release formulation
-adverse effects:
• sedation, headache, decreased appetite
-reduced side-effect profile comparable to
clonidine
-bedtime administration to avoid daytime sedation
Non-stimulant medication: -Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) -off-label use for ADHD in adults
-appropriate for clients with concurrent depression
or tobacco abuse
, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity -one of the most common neuropsychiatric
disorder (ADHD) disorders
-approximately 9.4% of children in the U.S.
-more frequently males than females, ratio 2:1
-symptom burden mild to severe
-characterized by consistent pattern of inattention
&/or hyperactivity & impulsivity that interferes with
functioning & development
• affect development of proper cognitive,
behavioral, emotional, social, & academic function
-hyperactivity and impulsivity ADHD subtype
symptoms: excessive fidgeting or talking, feelings
of restlessness and impatience, frequent
interruption, and difficultly playing quietly
-inattentive ADHD subtype symptoms: difficulty
organizing tasks, maintaining a routine, and paying
attention to detail
• may not be distinguishable until eight or nine
years of age
-primarily disrupts neuronal connections within the
frontal lobe & prefrontal cortex
Without early identification and academic performance
proper treatment, ADHD can cause family stress
disruptions in: difficulties in social relationships
accidental injuries
ADHD is associated with: increased rates of depression & SUD
Elaborated | Already Verified Test |100% Verified
solutions | 2026 Latest!!
Save
Terms in this set (235)
Stimulant Medications: -Low risk of adverse effects
Methylphenidate -Available formulations:
• Ritalin - available in immediate release (IR) and
extended release (XR) available in beads that may
be sprinkled on food for children who cannot
swallow pills
• Concerta biphasic - combined immediate and
delayed release in one medication
• Daytrana - patch applied in AM and removed
after 9 hour
Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and ER
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) -More potent than Ritalin
-High risk of adverse effects
Stimulant Medications: Amphetamine -available in orally disintegrating ER formula for
(Adzenys) children who cannot swallow pills
-Avoid prescribing when an MAOI has been used
within 14 days
,Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and extended-release formulations
Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) -Often dosed in morning (IR or XR) with an evening
or evening prn (IR) dose if med effects diminish
prior to end of school, study or the workday
-Most abused & diverted prescription stimulant
Stimulant Medications: -Biologically inactive until metabolized by the
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) body (Prodrug)
-Less abuse & diversion potential than other
stimulants
-Higher-cost medication
Non-stimulant medication: -Noradrenergic (NRI)
Atomoxetine (Strattera) -Initial drug of choice for adults with ADHD
-no abuse potential
-tolerated well when prescribed in BID dosing
-appropriate choice for comorbid substance abuse
-may augment the effects of antidepressants &
antianxiety meds
-can be dosed at bedtime if fatigue is noted
-unlikely to worsen tics
,Non-stimulant medication: Clonidine -α 2 agonist
• May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-enhances precortical function for better mental
focus
-appetite neutral
-may help with sleep disturbances, administer at
bedtime
-adverse effects:
• sedation, brain fog
-monitor of BP closely during initial titration, risk of
hypotension
-tapered to avoid rebound hypertension post
discontinuation
Non-stimulant medication: -α 2 agonist
guanfacine • May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-may also be used for children with tics, sleep
disturbances, or aggression
-tolerability & convenience enhanced by once-
daily oral controlled-release formulation
-adverse effects:
• sedation, headache, decreased appetite
-reduced side-effect profile comparable to
clonidine
-bedtime administration to avoid daytime sedation
Non-stimulant medication: -Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) -off-label use for ADHD in adults
-appropriate for clients with concurrent depression
or tobacco abuse
, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity -one of the most common neuropsychiatric
disorder (ADHD) disorders
-approximately 9.4% of children in the U.S.
-more frequently males than females, ratio 2:1
-symptom burden mild to severe
-characterized by consistent pattern of inattention
&/or hyperactivity & impulsivity that interferes with
functioning & development
• affect development of proper cognitive,
behavioral, emotional, social, & academic function
-hyperactivity and impulsivity ADHD subtype
symptoms: excessive fidgeting or talking, feelings
of restlessness and impatience, frequent
interruption, and difficultly playing quietly
-inattentive ADHD subtype symptoms: difficulty
organizing tasks, maintaining a routine, and paying
attention to detail
• may not be distinguishable until eight or nine
years of age
-primarily disrupts neuronal connections within the
frontal lobe & prefrontal cortex
Without early identification and academic performance
proper treatment, ADHD can cause family stress
disruptions in: difficulties in social relationships
accidental injuries
ADHD is associated with: increased rates of depression & SUD
