MCB 461 EXAM 3 || 100% Accurate.
What is the role of natural killer cell correct answers NKC target unhealthy and infected cells.
What is the primitive form of T cells correct answers NKC
What are the similarity in T cell and NKC correct answers both are cytotoxic and cause cytokine
signals to cause apoptosis. but they differ in specificity.
T cells look for specific peptides that are specific for the TCR whereas NKC use an array of
receptors (about 30 different) to kill. A single NK will express a subset.
what are the NKC receptors mix of correct answers mix of stimulatory and inhibitory signals
What CD does all NKC express correct answers CD56, cell with CD56 without TCR = NKC
What is strongest activating signal for NKC binding correct answers IgG binding to NKC
this binding over rides the two different activating receptor trigger because IgG binding to
FCgammaRIIIA is a high confidence message. (only an infected cells would have this IgG)
NKG2D (CD-314) correct answers receptor structure: lectin like
Ligand: MIC-A, MIC-B, ULBP1-6
MHC class 1- like
Activating NK cell receptor
CD94:NKG2A (CD159a) correct answers lectin like
HLA-E with bound peptides derived from HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C leader sequences
MHC class !
inhibitory NK Cell receptors
What prevents improper activation of NKC correct answers two different activating receptors
that needs to be triggered.
How does NKC receptors detect different HLA isotypes correct answers HLA-E is detected by
lectin like receptor CD94:NKG2A
inhibitory NK receptor (tells the NKC that the target cell is healthy)
What is the Vav protein correct answers activator of NK cell pathways
-sixth letter of hebrew alphabet (sixth gene they identified)
HLA-E w/ CD94NKG2A inhbits Vav activation
what is MIC correct answers looks like a MHC protein
MHC class I-like protein which is made during stress
which activates Vav along with the 2B4 CD48 binding
What are KIRs correct answers Killer cells immunoglobulin-like receptors that detects levels of
polymorphic HLA-A/B/C
,-series of receptors
-can activate and inhibit
-each KIR detect one of four main shapes of HLA
KIR2DS1 correct answers receptor structure: IG-like (2 domains)
Ligand: C2 epitope of HLA-C
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
activating
KIR2DL4 (CD158d) correct answers Receptor structure: Ig-like (2)
Ligand: HLA-G
Ligand structure: MHC class I
activating
KIR2DL1 (CD158a) correct answers Receptor structure: IG like 2
Ligand: C2 epitope of HLA-C having methionine 80
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
inhibitory
KIR3DL2 (CD158k) correct answers receptor structure: Ig like (3)
Ligand: HLA A*03 and HLA-A*11
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
inhibitory
where does the nK cell education occur? correct answers bone marrow
level of SHP-1 shows healthiness of cell
Vav1-protein when phosphorylated is activated
how did VDJ loci arise correct answers ancestral genome duplication
because VDJ recombination is a randomization of gene to give variability
-2 whole genome duplications occurred prior to vertebrates
gamma delta loci is dedicated for innate TCR funcitons
what is subfunctionalization correct answers mutation where splitting of genes that do different
jobs
a copy that does
neofunctionalizaiton? correct answers mutation where the second copy gained a new function
degeneration? correct answers loss of genes
what is the difference between alpha beta T cells and delta gamma T cells correct answers the
specificity (broadness and range) binding of antigens
doesn't undergo the same rigorous training
immune system less worried that gamma delta binds to self antigens
, what has fewer VDJ blocks to choose from alpha-beta or gamma delta correct answers gamma
delta chains
thus TCR have much less antigen binding variability
they bind classes of antigens
what are gamma delta t cells involved in correct answers tissue maintenance and immune
response
what is the goal of alpha beta t cells correct answers to anticipate infinite possibilities of peptides
what is the goal of gamma delta t cells correct answers to be flexible to bind variations of certain
themes
-themes mean certain types of molecules acting as signals
ex. metabolite, phospholipids, glycolipid
what V gene segment makes the blood correct answers V gamma 9: V delta two
-binds to the phosphorylated antigens
-presented on surface of cells by BTN3A1 (like B7 MHCI)
What is HMBPP correct answers phosphoantigen that bacteria produce which gets presented by
BTN3A1 to TCR to activate immune response
Vgamma4 vdelta 5 T cells correct answers sense viral infection and tumors
secrete EPCR
protein C which is an anti coagulant to keep blood functioning
-expression of EPCR may indicate spread of disease and infection
-release cytotoxic cytokines
V gamma V delta 1 t cells correct answers sense glycolipids antigens in mucosa
glycolipids in human and microbial origin at a certain level may indicate a disease
-sulfatide secretion abundant in intestinal epithelium
carried by CD1d and presented to gamma delta t cells
what is the basis of long term immunity correct answers high affinity IgG against pathogen
Streptococcous pneumoniae correct answers bacterial form of pneumonia
over 90 different strains
called serotypes because antibody tests used to ID differs in their capsular polysaccharide
why are infants and elderly most susceptible to pneumonia correct answers infants havent
developed antibodies yet
elderly
by the later years of life, adaptive immune dont respond as rapidly, b/c thymus isnt functioning
as well
Trypanosomes correct answers change surface antigens
What is the role of natural killer cell correct answers NKC target unhealthy and infected cells.
What is the primitive form of T cells correct answers NKC
What are the similarity in T cell and NKC correct answers both are cytotoxic and cause cytokine
signals to cause apoptosis. but they differ in specificity.
T cells look for specific peptides that are specific for the TCR whereas NKC use an array of
receptors (about 30 different) to kill. A single NK will express a subset.
what are the NKC receptors mix of correct answers mix of stimulatory and inhibitory signals
What CD does all NKC express correct answers CD56, cell with CD56 without TCR = NKC
What is strongest activating signal for NKC binding correct answers IgG binding to NKC
this binding over rides the two different activating receptor trigger because IgG binding to
FCgammaRIIIA is a high confidence message. (only an infected cells would have this IgG)
NKG2D (CD-314) correct answers receptor structure: lectin like
Ligand: MIC-A, MIC-B, ULBP1-6
MHC class 1- like
Activating NK cell receptor
CD94:NKG2A (CD159a) correct answers lectin like
HLA-E with bound peptides derived from HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C leader sequences
MHC class !
inhibitory NK Cell receptors
What prevents improper activation of NKC correct answers two different activating receptors
that needs to be triggered.
How does NKC receptors detect different HLA isotypes correct answers HLA-E is detected by
lectin like receptor CD94:NKG2A
inhibitory NK receptor (tells the NKC that the target cell is healthy)
What is the Vav protein correct answers activator of NK cell pathways
-sixth letter of hebrew alphabet (sixth gene they identified)
HLA-E w/ CD94NKG2A inhbits Vav activation
what is MIC correct answers looks like a MHC protein
MHC class I-like protein which is made during stress
which activates Vav along with the 2B4 CD48 binding
What are KIRs correct answers Killer cells immunoglobulin-like receptors that detects levels of
polymorphic HLA-A/B/C
,-series of receptors
-can activate and inhibit
-each KIR detect one of four main shapes of HLA
KIR2DS1 correct answers receptor structure: IG-like (2 domains)
Ligand: C2 epitope of HLA-C
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
activating
KIR2DL4 (CD158d) correct answers Receptor structure: Ig-like (2)
Ligand: HLA-G
Ligand structure: MHC class I
activating
KIR2DL1 (CD158a) correct answers Receptor structure: IG like 2
Ligand: C2 epitope of HLA-C having methionine 80
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
inhibitory
KIR3DL2 (CD158k) correct answers receptor structure: Ig like (3)
Ligand: HLA A*03 and HLA-A*11
Ligand structure: MHC class 1
inhibitory
where does the nK cell education occur? correct answers bone marrow
level of SHP-1 shows healthiness of cell
Vav1-protein when phosphorylated is activated
how did VDJ loci arise correct answers ancestral genome duplication
because VDJ recombination is a randomization of gene to give variability
-2 whole genome duplications occurred prior to vertebrates
gamma delta loci is dedicated for innate TCR funcitons
what is subfunctionalization correct answers mutation where splitting of genes that do different
jobs
a copy that does
neofunctionalizaiton? correct answers mutation where the second copy gained a new function
degeneration? correct answers loss of genes
what is the difference between alpha beta T cells and delta gamma T cells correct answers the
specificity (broadness and range) binding of antigens
doesn't undergo the same rigorous training
immune system less worried that gamma delta binds to self antigens
, what has fewer VDJ blocks to choose from alpha-beta or gamma delta correct answers gamma
delta chains
thus TCR have much less antigen binding variability
they bind classes of antigens
what are gamma delta t cells involved in correct answers tissue maintenance and immune
response
what is the goal of alpha beta t cells correct answers to anticipate infinite possibilities of peptides
what is the goal of gamma delta t cells correct answers to be flexible to bind variations of certain
themes
-themes mean certain types of molecules acting as signals
ex. metabolite, phospholipids, glycolipid
what V gene segment makes the blood correct answers V gamma 9: V delta two
-binds to the phosphorylated antigens
-presented on surface of cells by BTN3A1 (like B7 MHCI)
What is HMBPP correct answers phosphoantigen that bacteria produce which gets presented by
BTN3A1 to TCR to activate immune response
Vgamma4 vdelta 5 T cells correct answers sense viral infection and tumors
secrete EPCR
protein C which is an anti coagulant to keep blood functioning
-expression of EPCR may indicate spread of disease and infection
-release cytotoxic cytokines
V gamma V delta 1 t cells correct answers sense glycolipids antigens in mucosa
glycolipids in human and microbial origin at a certain level may indicate a disease
-sulfatide secretion abundant in intestinal epithelium
carried by CD1d and presented to gamma delta t cells
what is the basis of long term immunity correct answers high affinity IgG against pathogen
Streptococcous pneumoniae correct answers bacterial form of pneumonia
over 90 different strains
called serotypes because antibody tests used to ID differs in their capsular polysaccharide
why are infants and elderly most susceptible to pneumonia correct answers infants havent
developed antibodies yet
elderly
by the later years of life, adaptive immune dont respond as rapidly, b/c thymus isnt functioning
as well
Trypanosomes correct answers change surface antigens
