UMKC Physiology Exam 1| Latest Questions And Answers 2026

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UMKC Physiology Exam 1| Latest
Questions And Answers 2026


osmolarity vs tonicity - correct-answer -osmolarity is solute and solvent
tonicity is TRAPPED (solutes only)




hypotonic solution - correct-answer -A solution in which the concentration of
solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution




hypertonic solution - correct-answer -A solution in which the concentration of
solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution




isotonic solution - correct-answer -A solution in which the concentration of
solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution




0.9% saline - correct-answer -osmolarity: isosmotic
tonicity: isotonic

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5% dextrose in 0.9% saline - correct-answer -osmolarity: hyperosmotic
tonicity: isotonic




5% dextrose in water - correct-answer -osmolarity: isosmotic
tonicity: hypotonic




0.45% saline - correct-answer -osmolarity: hyposmotic
tonicity: hypotonic




5% dextrose in 0.45% saline - correct-answer -osmolarity: hyperosmotic
tonicity: hypotonic




active transport subtypes - correct-answer -uniporters
cotransporters
antiporters
symporters
primary
secondary

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primary active transport - correct-answer -transports substances against gradient
requires a protein
requires energy




Na+/K+ pump - correct-answer -3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in




ABC proteins - correct-answer -involved in excretion of toxins from the liver,
kidneys, GI tract




secondary active transport - correct-answer -transports at least one substance
against its gradient while one moves with the gradient
requires a protein
requires energy (from EC gradient)
Na+/glucose




neurotransmitters and hormones are _____ messengers - correct-answer -
chemical