NUR 2092 PHARMACOLOGY - CH 42 INTRO TO THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 2092 PHARMACOLOGY - CH 42 INTRO TO THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 A client is diagnosed with an atrial septal defect (ASD) that has caused a hole between the two upper chambers of the heart. What is the direct result of such a defect? - Answers Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood will mix When explaining blood supply to the heart muscle, the nurse explains that the left circumflex artery supplies the: - Answers left ventricle. A group of nursing students is preparing a poster presentation describing the anatomy and function of the heart. In their diagram of the organ, they label the structure that separates the left and right sides of the heart as the: - Answers septum. A client is admitted with cardiac rhythm problems. The nurse is reviewing the conduction system with the medical team. What are the processes in the conduction system of the heart that stimulate the heart to beat that the nurse should review with the client after discussion with the medical team? - Answers The formation, transmission, and coordination of electrical impulses A nurse is explaining to a client the physiology of the heart with reference to the cardiac valves. Which statement by the client about the function of the cardiac valves demonstrates the correct understanding of the nurse's explanation? - Answers Allow blood to flow in one direction only The nurse assists and educates clients about blood pressure regulation. Which information is important to include in the review with clients about blood pressure? - Answers Force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels Fluid moves into the arterial end of a capillary due to: - Answers Hydrostatic pressure Pathologic changes in the structure of the capillary and venular endothelium can result in the accumulation of fluid in interstitial space. What term refers to this accumulation? - Answers Edema Which is released initially when blood flow to the kidneys is decreased? - Answers Renin The nurse is reviewing with the client the three major layers of the heart wall and how they relate to the pericardium. What is the best description by the nurse to the client about the myocardium layer of the heart? - Answers Thick, strong muscles making up the middle If the production of actin is disrupted, what component of the human body will be affected? - Answers What sequence describes the flow of electrical impulses in the heart? - Answers The Sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, bundle of His, right and left bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibers. What primary event has occurred when a client experiences an ectopic focus? - Answers The location of the heart's functioning pacemaker is no longer the sinoatrial (SA) node Proper function of the cardiovascular system relies on blood following the correct pathway through the heart. Valves within the heart separate the organ's chambers and prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. What valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle? - Answers Mitral After teaching a group of students about the conduction system of the heart, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify what as the origination of the impulse? - Answers SA node Which area of the heart is supplied by the right coronary artery? - Answers Right side of the heart An electrocardiogram (ECG) is prescribed for a client experiencing signs and symptoms associated with a cardiac dysfunction. Which function of the heart will this diagnostic tool help evaluate? - Answers Ineffective pumping The nurse is reviewing a patient's ECG and notes that the ECG is normal, but the rate is 110 beats/minute. The nurse would identify this as: - Answers Sinus tachycardia A backflow of blood is noted in the left ventricle from the left atrium. The patient is suffering from a defect in which valve? - Answers Mitral valve A nurse is assessing the vital signs of a client. The client inquires about the functions of the arteries. What should the nurse include in the client education about the function of arteries? - Answers To carry oxygenated blood to the body cells Special bundles of unique tissue in the heart transmit and coordinate electrical impulses to stimulate the heart to beat. Place the path of an electrical impulse through the conduction system of the heart into the correct sequence of steps. - Answers SA (sinoatrial) node AV (atrioventricular) node Bundle of His (AV bundle) Right and left bundle branches Purkinje fibers to muscles of ventricles What structure makes it possible for the heart to be harvested for transplantation when donated by a client who is declared "brain dead"? - Answers sinoatrial (SA) node The critical care nurse is caring for a client with bradycardia after cardiovascular surgery. The nurse knows that the heart rate is determined by myocardial cells with the fastest depolarizing rate. Under normal circumstances, where are these cells located? - Answers SA node When sodium gates open along the cardiac cell membrane and sodium rushes into the cell it results in the membrane no longer having a positive or negative side but being electrically the same on both sides. The nurse recognizes this period of the cardiac cycle as what? - Answers Depolarization A client has a blood pressure of 130/90 mm Hg. What is the filling pressure of the client's coronary arteries? - Answers 40 mm Hg A patient has a diminished flow of deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities. Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities? - Answers Right atrium A client has been diagnosed with a problem associated with the heart's right atrium. Which statement indicates that the client understands the diagnosis? - Answers "The top chamber, responsible for receiving blood from my body's veins, is the problem."