NR 222 - Health and Wellness Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Wellness-Illness Continuum a dichotomous depiction of the relationship between the concepts of health and
illness
Wellness a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond the
midpoint
Health Ecology An evolving view of health recognizes the interconnection between people and
their physical and social environments
EX: People are likely to go walking where there are sidewalks (within the
community)
Functional Health The ability to function: can be characterized as being present or absent, having
high-level or low-level wellness, and being influenced by neighborhood and
society
Health a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person's
potential and is experienced within a developmental context
World Health Organization (WHO) Health Definition the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity, but moves beyond this definition to encompass
spiritual, developmental, and environmental aspects over time.
Example: a person with diabetes may be considered healthy if she is able to adapt
to her illness and live a meaningful, spiritually satisfying life
, Disease the failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances
Illness composed of the subjective experience of the individual and the physical
manifestation of disease; can be described as a response characterized by a
mismatch between a person's needs and the resources available to meet those
needs
Healthy People Five Main Goals To continue to improve infant health, and, by 1990, to reduce infant mortality by at
least 35%, to fewer than 9 deaths per 1000 live births
• To improve child health, foster optimal childhood development, and, by 1990,
reduce deaths among children ages 1 to 14 years by at least 20%, to fewer than 34
per 100,000
• To improve the health and health habits of adolescents and young adults, and, by
1990, to reduce deaths among people ages 15 to 24 by at least 20%, to fewer than
93 per 100,000
• To improve the health of adults, and, by 1990, to reduce deaths among people
ages 25 to 64 by at least 25%, to fewer than 400 per 100,000
• To improve the health and quality of life for older adults, and, by 1990, to reduce
the average annual number of days of restricted activity attributable to acute and
chronic conditions by 20%, to fewer than 30 days per year for people 65 and
older
Healthy People 2000 Main Goals • Increase the span of healthy life.
• Reduce health disparities.
• Create access to preventive services for all.
Healthy People 2010 Main Goals • Increase quality and years of healthy life.
• Eliminate health disparities.
Healthy People 2020 Main Goals • Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
• Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
• Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
• Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages
Healthy People 2020 Focus Areas Adolescent Health; Blood Disorders and Blood Safety; Dementias, Including
Alzheimer's Disease; Early and Middle Childhood; Genomics; Global Health;
Healthcare-Associated Infections; Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being;
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health; Older Adults; Preparedness;
Sleep Health; and Social Determinants of Health
Ethnocentrism to be aware of their own beliefs, values, and customs and how these ideas
translate into behavior
CORRECT Answers
Wellness-Illness Continuum a dichotomous depiction of the relationship between the concepts of health and
illness
Wellness a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond the
midpoint
Health Ecology An evolving view of health recognizes the interconnection between people and
their physical and social environments
EX: People are likely to go walking where there are sidewalks (within the
community)
Functional Health The ability to function: can be characterized as being present or absent, having
high-level or low-level wellness, and being influenced by neighborhood and
society
Health a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person's
potential and is experienced within a developmental context
World Health Organization (WHO) Health Definition the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity, but moves beyond this definition to encompass
spiritual, developmental, and environmental aspects over time.
Example: a person with diabetes may be considered healthy if she is able to adapt
to her illness and live a meaningful, spiritually satisfying life
, Disease the failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances
Illness composed of the subjective experience of the individual and the physical
manifestation of disease; can be described as a response characterized by a
mismatch between a person's needs and the resources available to meet those
needs
Healthy People Five Main Goals To continue to improve infant health, and, by 1990, to reduce infant mortality by at
least 35%, to fewer than 9 deaths per 1000 live births
• To improve child health, foster optimal childhood development, and, by 1990,
reduce deaths among children ages 1 to 14 years by at least 20%, to fewer than 34
per 100,000
• To improve the health and health habits of adolescents and young adults, and, by
1990, to reduce deaths among people ages 15 to 24 by at least 20%, to fewer than
93 per 100,000
• To improve the health of adults, and, by 1990, to reduce deaths among people
ages 25 to 64 by at least 25%, to fewer than 400 per 100,000
• To improve the health and quality of life for older adults, and, by 1990, to reduce
the average annual number of days of restricted activity attributable to acute and
chronic conditions by 20%, to fewer than 30 days per year for people 65 and
older
Healthy People 2000 Main Goals • Increase the span of healthy life.
• Reduce health disparities.
• Create access to preventive services for all.
Healthy People 2010 Main Goals • Increase quality and years of healthy life.
• Eliminate health disparities.
Healthy People 2020 Main Goals • Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
• Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
• Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
• Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages
Healthy People 2020 Focus Areas Adolescent Health; Blood Disorders and Blood Safety; Dementias, Including
Alzheimer's Disease; Early and Middle Childhood; Genomics; Global Health;
Healthcare-Associated Infections; Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being;
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health; Older Adults; Preparedness;
Sleep Health; and Social Determinants of Health
Ethnocentrism to be aware of their own beliefs, values, and customs and how these ideas
translate into behavior
