1|P a g e
2026 NU 545 ADVANCE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UNIT 2 EXAM
2026 |150 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |RATED A+ | NEW AND
REVISED | UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH
ALABAMA
What is the Corpus callosum? Why is it essential? - ANSWER- Bundle
of myelinated fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres
(conveying contralateral projection) which is essential in coordinating
activities between hemispheres
Where is the Limbic system? What does it do? - ANSWER- Surrounds
the corpus callosum. Between the telencephalon and the diencephalon.
Controls expression of affect (emotional and behavior state), mediated
by connections with limbic system and prefrontal cortex.
Long-term memory
Consolidation of memory
Primitive behavior responses ad visceral reaction to emotion, feeding
behaviors
Where is the Diencephalon? How many divisions? - ANSWER-
Surrounds the cerebrum and sits on top of the brainstem; 4 divisions
,2|P a g e
What forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle of the brain and composes the
most superior portion? - ANSWER- Epithalamus. Controls vital
functions and visceral activities
What is the largest component of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-
Thalamus. Surrounds the third ventricle.
Major center for afferent (SENSORY) impulses to the cerebral cortex -
ANSWER- Thalamus. Relay center for information from the basal
ganglia and cerebellum to appropriate motor area
What is cortical processing - ANSWER- Interpretation of sensations
What are the main functions of the Hypothalamus? - ANSWER- -
Maintains Homeostasis
-Implements behavioral patterns
-Visceral and somatic responses
-Affectual Responses
-Hormone synthesis
- Body temp regulation
- Regulation of physical expression of emotions
-Sexual behavior
-Pleasure-punishment center
- Level of arousal or wakefulness
, 3|P a g e
Where is the Tecum (corpora quadrigemina) located? what does it do? -
ANSWER- Roof of the midbrain
Subthalamus. Location? Important function? - ANSWER- Lateral to
thalamus. Important ganglia center for motor activities
What are the paired structures within the Tectum? - ANSWER- Superior
Colliculi - visual motor movements
Inferior Colliculi - auditory motor movements
Where is the location of the Superior Colliculi? Function? - ANSWER-
Tectum of the Midbrain. controls voluntary and involuntary visual motor
movements such as the ability of the eyes to track moving objects in the
visual field.
Where is the location of the Inferior Colliculi? Function? - ANSWER-
Tectum of the midbrain. controls motor activities affecting the auditory
system such as positioning the head to improve hearing. MAJOR relay
center along the auditory pathway
Location of Tegmentum? Function? - ANSWER- Floor of midbrain.
Includes Red nucleus and Substantia nigra. Provides communication
between motor and sensory areas. Storage, analysis, and interpretation of
stimuli
2026 NU 545 ADVANCE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UNIT 2 EXAM
2026 |150 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |RATED A+ | NEW AND
REVISED | UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH
ALABAMA
What is the Corpus callosum? Why is it essential? - ANSWER- Bundle
of myelinated fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres
(conveying contralateral projection) which is essential in coordinating
activities between hemispheres
Where is the Limbic system? What does it do? - ANSWER- Surrounds
the corpus callosum. Between the telencephalon and the diencephalon.
Controls expression of affect (emotional and behavior state), mediated
by connections with limbic system and prefrontal cortex.
Long-term memory
Consolidation of memory
Primitive behavior responses ad visceral reaction to emotion, feeding
behaviors
Where is the Diencephalon? How many divisions? - ANSWER-
Surrounds the cerebrum and sits on top of the brainstem; 4 divisions
,2|P a g e
What forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle of the brain and composes the
most superior portion? - ANSWER- Epithalamus. Controls vital
functions and visceral activities
What is the largest component of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-
Thalamus. Surrounds the third ventricle.
Major center for afferent (SENSORY) impulses to the cerebral cortex -
ANSWER- Thalamus. Relay center for information from the basal
ganglia and cerebellum to appropriate motor area
What is cortical processing - ANSWER- Interpretation of sensations
What are the main functions of the Hypothalamus? - ANSWER- -
Maintains Homeostasis
-Implements behavioral patterns
-Visceral and somatic responses
-Affectual Responses
-Hormone synthesis
- Body temp regulation
- Regulation of physical expression of emotions
-Sexual behavior
-Pleasure-punishment center
- Level of arousal or wakefulness
, 3|P a g e
Where is the Tecum (corpora quadrigemina) located? what does it do? -
ANSWER- Roof of the midbrain
Subthalamus. Location? Important function? - ANSWER- Lateral to
thalamus. Important ganglia center for motor activities
What are the paired structures within the Tectum? - ANSWER- Superior
Colliculi - visual motor movements
Inferior Colliculi - auditory motor movements
Where is the location of the Superior Colliculi? Function? - ANSWER-
Tectum of the Midbrain. controls voluntary and involuntary visual motor
movements such as the ability of the eyes to track moving objects in the
visual field.
Where is the location of the Inferior Colliculi? Function? - ANSWER-
Tectum of the midbrain. controls motor activities affecting the auditory
system such as positioning the head to improve hearing. MAJOR relay
center along the auditory pathway
Location of Tegmentum? Function? - ANSWER- Floor of midbrain.
Includes Red nucleus and Substantia nigra. Provides communication
between motor and sensory areas. Storage, analysis, and interpretation of
stimuli
