1
European Political and Artistic
Movements: Absolutism, Wars, and
Baroque Art Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
© 2026 Assignment
absolutism Ans: the concept in which the sovereign power or
ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king
Guru01 - Stuvia
who claimed to rule by divine right
Expert
Thirty Years War Ans: a devastating conflict that affected
much of Europe, beginning largely due to religious struggles
between Catholicism and Calvinism in the Holy Roman Empire,
but increasingly becoming a Europe-wide dynastic and secular
struggle for European leadership, primarily between the
Bourbon dynasty of France and the Habsburg dynasties of
Spain and the Holy Roman Empire
Intendants Ans: royal officials sent by the French monarchy to
the provinces to execute the orders of the central government,
thereby acting as bureaucratic agents who undermined the
authority of local governors, especially the nobility, and
ensured that the king's policies were obeyed throughout
France
parlements Ans: the most important court in France, with
jurisdiction over half of the kingdom, whose members formed
the nobles of the robe and occasionally resisted new taxes
levied by the government, such as during the Fronde
, 2
boyars Ans: Russian nobility whose power was crushed by Ivan
IV the Terrible in the sixteenth century to extend the autocracy
of the tsar
procurator Ans: a layman appointed by Peter the Great to
stand at the head of the Holy Synod, whose role was to
represent the interests of the tsar and assure his effective
domination of the Russian Orthodox Church
Peace of Westphalia Ans: a treaty that officially ended the
Thirty Years' War in Germany, establishing that all German
© 2026 Assignment
states, including Calvinist ones, were free to determine their
own religion, formally recognizing Dutch independence,
Guru01 - Stuvia
marking the beginning of a modern international order of
Expert
sovereign states, and confirming that religion and politics
were now separate
Shakespeare Ans: the most famous of the Elizabethan
dramatists and a universal genius, recognized for his mastery
of the English language, incredible insight into human
psychology, and remarkable understanding of the human
condition as expressed in his tragedies, comedies, and
historical plays
mannerism Ans: an artistic movement that emerged in Italy in
the 1520s and 1530s as the artistic Renaissance concluded,
reflecting the era's anxiety and yearning for spiritual
experience by deliberately attempting to break down the High
Renaissance principles of balance, harmony, and moderation
through the use of elongated and contorted figures that
conveyed a sense of suffering and intense emotion
baroque Ans: an artistic movement that began in Italy in the
last quarter of the sixteenth century and spread throughout
Europe, seeking to combine the classical ideals of Renaissance
art with the spiritual intensity of the sixteenth-century
European Political and Artistic
Movements: Absolutism, Wars, and
Baroque Art Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
© 2026 Assignment
absolutism Ans: the concept in which the sovereign power or
ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king
Guru01 - Stuvia
who claimed to rule by divine right
Expert
Thirty Years War Ans: a devastating conflict that affected
much of Europe, beginning largely due to religious struggles
between Catholicism and Calvinism in the Holy Roman Empire,
but increasingly becoming a Europe-wide dynastic and secular
struggle for European leadership, primarily between the
Bourbon dynasty of France and the Habsburg dynasties of
Spain and the Holy Roman Empire
Intendants Ans: royal officials sent by the French monarchy to
the provinces to execute the orders of the central government,
thereby acting as bureaucratic agents who undermined the
authority of local governors, especially the nobility, and
ensured that the king's policies were obeyed throughout
France
parlements Ans: the most important court in France, with
jurisdiction over half of the kingdom, whose members formed
the nobles of the robe and occasionally resisted new taxes
levied by the government, such as during the Fronde
, 2
boyars Ans: Russian nobility whose power was crushed by Ivan
IV the Terrible in the sixteenth century to extend the autocracy
of the tsar
procurator Ans: a layman appointed by Peter the Great to
stand at the head of the Holy Synod, whose role was to
represent the interests of the tsar and assure his effective
domination of the Russian Orthodox Church
Peace of Westphalia Ans: a treaty that officially ended the
Thirty Years' War in Germany, establishing that all German
© 2026 Assignment
states, including Calvinist ones, were free to determine their
own religion, formally recognizing Dutch independence,
Guru01 - Stuvia
marking the beginning of a modern international order of
Expert
sovereign states, and confirming that religion and politics
were now separate
Shakespeare Ans: the most famous of the Elizabethan
dramatists and a universal genius, recognized for his mastery
of the English language, incredible insight into human
psychology, and remarkable understanding of the human
condition as expressed in his tragedies, comedies, and
historical plays
mannerism Ans: an artistic movement that emerged in Italy in
the 1520s and 1530s as the artistic Renaissance concluded,
reflecting the era's anxiety and yearning for spiritual
experience by deliberately attempting to break down the High
Renaissance principles of balance, harmony, and moderation
through the use of elongated and contorted figures that
conveyed a sense of suffering and intense emotion
baroque Ans: an artistic movement that began in Italy in the
last quarter of the sixteenth century and spread throughout
Europe, seeking to combine the classical ideals of Renaissance
art with the spiritual intensity of the sixteenth-century
