PUBH 302 FINAL- GALLOWAY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026
Define public health - Answers -actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the
conditions in which people can be healthy can occur
Define the "Ps" of public health - Answers -Prevention
Protection
Promotion
Prolonging
Product safety
Physical, social, economical environments
(Big) Picture
Populations
Define prevention - Answers -practicing health and safety habits to remain free of
disease and injury
Define protection - Answers -protecting the population, making reccomendations to
keep people healthy
Define promoting - Answers -promoting healthy habits, promoting ways to think about
healthy behavior
Define prolonging - Answers -prolonging life and quality of life
Product safety - Answers -ensuring safety of food product, vehicles
Define physical, social, economic environments - Answers -healthy air in the
environment, social influences, affording healthy habits
Define populations - Answers -what is truly effecting us at the population level, what are
the leading causes of death? Who is vulnerable or "at risk"?
Define (big) Picture - Answers -looking at the complex world we live in and public
health's role is to dig into the big picture and figure out how to protect populations
Define health issues - Answers -identify shared health concerns within a society by
looking at surveillance data
Define determinants of health - Answers -the range of personal, social, economic, and
environmental factors that influence health status
,Define health - Answers -a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Define quality of life - Answers -involving social, emotional, mental, spiritual and
biological fitness on the part of the individual, which results from adaptations to the
environment
Define physical health - Answers -absence of disease and disability; functioning
adequately; physical condition of the body
Define emotional health - Answers -ability to feel and express full range of human
emotions; express/ control appropriately
Define social health - Answers -ability to interact/communicate effectively; connect with
others; demonstrate respect/tolerance; sense of belonging
Define mental (intellectual) health - Answers -ability to make sound decisions and think
critically; strive for continued personal growth/learn new information
Define spiritual health - Answers -unifying force within individuals; meaning in life;
common bond between individuals; individual perceptions of faith
Define environmental health - Answers -awareness of the environment's importance to
health, as well as human influence on environment
Define risk factors - Answers -set of common causes of death, disability, illness and
injury (behavioral- smoking, poor diet, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption)
more likely to be under the control of individuals at risk
Define risk conditions - Answers -more distal risk factors: biological (age, sex,
genetics); environmental (safe community/work site; adequate housing); enforcement of
policies and regulations; less likely to be under the control of individuals
Define lifestyle - Answers -pattern of behavior; more complex, lifetime habits and social
circumstances
C. Everett Koop - Answers -(Surgeon General) stated that tobacco is bad for you and
your health
In 1984, he wrote that nicotine has an addictiveness similar to that of heroin or cocaine.
He took on big tobacco
He instituted the practice of requiring rotated health warning labels on cigarette packs
and required advertising to include labels
He issued a challenge to Americans in 1984 to "create a smoke-free society in the
United States by the year 2000"
, He released 8 reports on the health consequences of tobacco use including the first
report on health consequences of involuntary tobacco smoke exposure He started to
inform the public on the AIDS epidemic
DUI's in South Carolina Article
1. Define the public health issue. Why is this a PH problem?
2. What are the factors/determinants involved in this problem?
3. What controversial and/or ethical concerns may be involved? - Answers -1. A) motor
vehicle accidents related to alcohol
B) not enough law enforcement dealing with duis
C) SC is number 2 in the nation of most deaths out of 100,000 people from drunk
driving
2. A) the person makes the choice to drink and drive
B) the more you drive under the influence without getting caught, the more comfortable
you get doing it
C) people will DUI 80 times before getting caught
D) the dash camera and officer not getting set up properly leading to not being able to
convict the drunk driver
E) males are more likely to drink and drive than women3. A) the role of the breathalyzer
and how it can be refused
B) distrust in law enforcement because of the copious amount of evidence required
C) pulling someone over for possibility of DUI is subjective
Define Health codes - Answers -powerful codes and regulations that are based on the
society's belief system and the society's understanding of health/disease
Public Health in Ancient Greece - Answers --personal hygience
-physical fitness (olympics)
-naturalistic concepts (disease caused by imbalance between man and environment)
-The Greeks understood the importance of washing hands, bathing, exercising, and
eating good food
Hippocrates - Answers -father of western med
-believed that illness had a physical and rational explanantion
-looked for and described casual relationships between disease and other factors
(climate, soil, water, lifestyle)
Public Health During the Roman Empire - Answers --adopted Greek health values
-built aqueducts to bring water into the city
-advanced plumbing technology
- collected taxes to support public services
Public Health During the Middle Ages - Answers -- shifted away from Greek and
Roman values
- decline of hygiene and sanitation
- faith and prayer were accepted treatments for illness
ANSWERS 2026
Define public health - Answers -actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the
conditions in which people can be healthy can occur
Define the "Ps" of public health - Answers -Prevention
Protection
Promotion
Prolonging
Product safety
Physical, social, economical environments
(Big) Picture
Populations
Define prevention - Answers -practicing health and safety habits to remain free of
disease and injury
Define protection - Answers -protecting the population, making reccomendations to
keep people healthy
Define promoting - Answers -promoting healthy habits, promoting ways to think about
healthy behavior
Define prolonging - Answers -prolonging life and quality of life
Product safety - Answers -ensuring safety of food product, vehicles
Define physical, social, economic environments - Answers -healthy air in the
environment, social influences, affording healthy habits
Define populations - Answers -what is truly effecting us at the population level, what are
the leading causes of death? Who is vulnerable or "at risk"?
Define (big) Picture - Answers -looking at the complex world we live in and public
health's role is to dig into the big picture and figure out how to protect populations
Define health issues - Answers -identify shared health concerns within a society by
looking at surveillance data
Define determinants of health - Answers -the range of personal, social, economic, and
environmental factors that influence health status
,Define health - Answers -a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Define quality of life - Answers -involving social, emotional, mental, spiritual and
biological fitness on the part of the individual, which results from adaptations to the
environment
Define physical health - Answers -absence of disease and disability; functioning
adequately; physical condition of the body
Define emotional health - Answers -ability to feel and express full range of human
emotions; express/ control appropriately
Define social health - Answers -ability to interact/communicate effectively; connect with
others; demonstrate respect/tolerance; sense of belonging
Define mental (intellectual) health - Answers -ability to make sound decisions and think
critically; strive for continued personal growth/learn new information
Define spiritual health - Answers -unifying force within individuals; meaning in life;
common bond between individuals; individual perceptions of faith
Define environmental health - Answers -awareness of the environment's importance to
health, as well as human influence on environment
Define risk factors - Answers -set of common causes of death, disability, illness and
injury (behavioral- smoking, poor diet, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption)
more likely to be under the control of individuals at risk
Define risk conditions - Answers -more distal risk factors: biological (age, sex,
genetics); environmental (safe community/work site; adequate housing); enforcement of
policies and regulations; less likely to be under the control of individuals
Define lifestyle - Answers -pattern of behavior; more complex, lifetime habits and social
circumstances
C. Everett Koop - Answers -(Surgeon General) stated that tobacco is bad for you and
your health
In 1984, he wrote that nicotine has an addictiveness similar to that of heroin or cocaine.
He took on big tobacco
He instituted the practice of requiring rotated health warning labels on cigarette packs
and required advertising to include labels
He issued a challenge to Americans in 1984 to "create a smoke-free society in the
United States by the year 2000"
, He released 8 reports on the health consequences of tobacco use including the first
report on health consequences of involuntary tobacco smoke exposure He started to
inform the public on the AIDS epidemic
DUI's in South Carolina Article
1. Define the public health issue. Why is this a PH problem?
2. What are the factors/determinants involved in this problem?
3. What controversial and/or ethical concerns may be involved? - Answers -1. A) motor
vehicle accidents related to alcohol
B) not enough law enforcement dealing with duis
C) SC is number 2 in the nation of most deaths out of 100,000 people from drunk
driving
2. A) the person makes the choice to drink and drive
B) the more you drive under the influence without getting caught, the more comfortable
you get doing it
C) people will DUI 80 times before getting caught
D) the dash camera and officer not getting set up properly leading to not being able to
convict the drunk driver
E) males are more likely to drink and drive than women3. A) the role of the breathalyzer
and how it can be refused
B) distrust in law enforcement because of the copious amount of evidence required
C) pulling someone over for possibility of DUI is subjective
Define Health codes - Answers -powerful codes and regulations that are based on the
society's belief system and the society's understanding of health/disease
Public Health in Ancient Greece - Answers --personal hygience
-physical fitness (olympics)
-naturalistic concepts (disease caused by imbalance between man and environment)
-The Greeks understood the importance of washing hands, bathing, exercising, and
eating good food
Hippocrates - Answers -father of western med
-believed that illness had a physical and rational explanantion
-looked for and described casual relationships between disease and other factors
(climate, soil, water, lifestyle)
Public Health During the Roman Empire - Answers --adopted Greek health values
-built aqueducts to bring water into the city
-advanced plumbing technology
- collected taxes to support public services
Public Health During the Middle Ages - Answers -- shifted away from Greek and
Roman values
- decline of hygiene and sanitation
- faith and prayer were accepted treatments for illness
