NURS3710 Nursing & Episodic Illness (class
1&2) Exam Study Guide
primary prevention - ANSWER Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring.
secondary prevention - ANSWER -focuses on early identification of individuals or
communities experiencing illness, providing treatment, and conducting activities that
are geared to prevent worsening health status
-examples: communicable disease screening and case finding; early detection and
treatment of diabetes; exercise programs for older adult clients who are frail
tertiary prevention - ANSWER actions taken to contain damage once a disease or
disability has progressed beyond its early stages
3 stages of peri-operative care - ANSWER Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative
preoperative care - ANSWER care provided before the surgery
Intraoperative Care - ANSWER Begins when the patient enters the surgical suite & ends
at the time of transfer to the postanesthesia recovery area (PACU)
Postoperative care - ANSWER care provided following surgery
3 elements of informed consent - ANSWER mental capacity, information, voluntariness
preoperative care includes - ANSWER - checklist
- nutritional & fluid status
- resp & cardio status
,- hepatic & renal function
- endocrine & immune function
- meds, ETOH, opioids
- psychosocial factors : spirituality, culture
- allergies
- education
Preoperative teaching - ANSWER Instructions regarding a patient's anticipated surgery
and recovery given before the surgery. Instruction includes, but is not limited to, dietary
and activity restrictions, anticipated assessment activities, postoperative procedures
and pain relief measures.
incentive spirometry - ANSWER a common postoperative breathing therapy using a
specially designed spirometer to encourage the patient to inhale and hold an inspiratory
volume to exercise the lungs and prevent pulmonary complications. Keeps alveoli open
Surgical positions - ANSWER supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy
surgical complications - ANSWER - nausea/vomiting
- hemorrhage
- hypoxia
- MI
- hypothermia
- anaphylaxis
- malignant hyperthermia
- DIC
patient safety in OR - ANSWER - pt ID
- correct informed consent
, - verification of records/health history
- results of diagnostic results
- allergies
- accessibility of blood
surgical asepsis - ANSWER practices that render and keep objects and areas free from
microorganisms; synonym for sterile technique
where is the sterile field - ANSWER - only top of draped table is sterile
- gowns sterile in front to level of sterile field and sleeves from 5cm above elbow to cuff
- at least 30cm distance from sterile field must be maintained if there is movement
Stage 1 of anesthesia - ANSWER "beginning anesthesia" warmth, dizziness, feeling of
detachment, ringing, roaring, buzzing in ears, inability to move extremities, noises are
exaggerated
Stage 2 of anesthesia - ANSWER "excitement" struggling, shouting, talking, singing,
laughing, crying, pupils dilate, pulse rate is rapid, respirations my be irregular
Stage 3 of anesthesia - ANSWER "surgical anesthesia" unconscious and lies quietly,
pupils are small but contract, respirations are regular, pulse rate normal, skin is pink
Stage 4 of anesthesia - ANSWER medullary paralysis
general anesthesia - ANSWER involves the total loss of body sensation and
consciousness induced by anesthetic agents administered primarily by inhalation or
intravenous injection
regional anesthesia - ANSWER Loss of sensation in an area of the body supplied by
sensory nerve pathways.
1&2) Exam Study Guide
primary prevention - ANSWER Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring.
secondary prevention - ANSWER -focuses on early identification of individuals or
communities experiencing illness, providing treatment, and conducting activities that
are geared to prevent worsening health status
-examples: communicable disease screening and case finding; early detection and
treatment of diabetes; exercise programs for older adult clients who are frail
tertiary prevention - ANSWER actions taken to contain damage once a disease or
disability has progressed beyond its early stages
3 stages of peri-operative care - ANSWER Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative
preoperative care - ANSWER care provided before the surgery
Intraoperative Care - ANSWER Begins when the patient enters the surgical suite & ends
at the time of transfer to the postanesthesia recovery area (PACU)
Postoperative care - ANSWER care provided following surgery
3 elements of informed consent - ANSWER mental capacity, information, voluntariness
preoperative care includes - ANSWER - checklist
- nutritional & fluid status
- resp & cardio status
,- hepatic & renal function
- endocrine & immune function
- meds, ETOH, opioids
- psychosocial factors : spirituality, culture
- allergies
- education
Preoperative teaching - ANSWER Instructions regarding a patient's anticipated surgery
and recovery given before the surgery. Instruction includes, but is not limited to, dietary
and activity restrictions, anticipated assessment activities, postoperative procedures
and pain relief measures.
incentive spirometry - ANSWER a common postoperative breathing therapy using a
specially designed spirometer to encourage the patient to inhale and hold an inspiratory
volume to exercise the lungs and prevent pulmonary complications. Keeps alveoli open
Surgical positions - ANSWER supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy
surgical complications - ANSWER - nausea/vomiting
- hemorrhage
- hypoxia
- MI
- hypothermia
- anaphylaxis
- malignant hyperthermia
- DIC
patient safety in OR - ANSWER - pt ID
- correct informed consent
, - verification of records/health history
- results of diagnostic results
- allergies
- accessibility of blood
surgical asepsis - ANSWER practices that render and keep objects and areas free from
microorganisms; synonym for sterile technique
where is the sterile field - ANSWER - only top of draped table is sterile
- gowns sterile in front to level of sterile field and sleeves from 5cm above elbow to cuff
- at least 30cm distance from sterile field must be maintained if there is movement
Stage 1 of anesthesia - ANSWER "beginning anesthesia" warmth, dizziness, feeling of
detachment, ringing, roaring, buzzing in ears, inability to move extremities, noises are
exaggerated
Stage 2 of anesthesia - ANSWER "excitement" struggling, shouting, talking, singing,
laughing, crying, pupils dilate, pulse rate is rapid, respirations my be irregular
Stage 3 of anesthesia - ANSWER "surgical anesthesia" unconscious and lies quietly,
pupils are small but contract, respirations are regular, pulse rate normal, skin is pink
Stage 4 of anesthesia - ANSWER medullary paralysis
general anesthesia - ANSWER involves the total loss of body sensation and
consciousness induced by anesthetic agents administered primarily by inhalation or
intravenous injection
regional anesthesia - ANSWER Loss of sensation in an area of the body supplied by
sensory nerve pathways.
