Pediatrics Final Exam Latest 2026/2027 Graded A+ (This
exam consists of frequently tested questions and
answers solved 100%)
A 12-month-old child has been diagnosed with an atrial septal defect (ASD). The
mother of the patient asks the nurse why her child does not have bluish skin if the
blood from the right atrium and left atrium are "mixing" secondary to the opening
in the septum. The nurse explains that the child does not have cyanosis because
a. The child is compensating well
b. Blood from the right atrium shunts to the left atrium
c. The blood does not "mix" with an ASD
d. Blood from the left atrium shunts to the right atrium - -answer- : d
The nurse teaches a 5 year old child with asthma how to use an inhaler. What is
the most appropriate way to evaluate her understanding?
a. Asking questions about the inhaler
b. Explaining how the inhaler will be used at home
c. Have the child tell the nurse what she learned
d. Have the child show the nurse how to use the inhaler - -answer- : d
,When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should know which of
the following?
a. Child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours
b. Principal area of involvement is the joints
c. Aspirin is contraindicated
d. Therapeutic management includes administration of immunoglobulins and
aspirin - -answer- : d
A four year old girl is brought to the emergency room. She has a "froglike"
croaking sound on inspiration, a high fever, is agitated, and is drooling. She insists
on sitting upright. The nurse should do which of the following?
a. Examine her oral pharynx and notify the physician.
b. Make her lie down and rest quietly
c. Auscultate her lungs and make preparations to place her in a mist tent
d. Notify the physician immediately and be prepared to assist with a
tracheostomy or intubation - -answer- : d
The nurse is caring for a newborn with congenital heart disease. Which of the
following statements is most true regarding feeding?
a. The infant needs to be fed large amounts over a long period of time
b. Infants with heart disease require fewer calories
,c. Mothers should be discouraged from breastfeeding as it causes increased
fatigue in the infant and they become more cyanotic
d. Gavage or ng tube feedings may be necessary to provide increased calories and
rest - -answer- : d
A child with Tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely ill with an increase in cyanosis,
tachycardia, and tachypnea, is having a "tet spell". To relieve the cardiac load, the
nurse will do which of the following?
a. Place the child in Trendelenburg position
b. Place the child in knee-chest position
c. Have oxygen equipment available
d. Have suction equipment available - -answer- : b
Dylan is a 3 year old boy who was found unattended in his parent's garage. Next
to Dylan was an opened bottle of anti-freeze. His initial blood gas is: pH 7.15,
pCO2 40, pO2 102, and HCO3 12. Dylan is in:
a. Compensated metabolic acidosis
b. Compensated metabolic alkalosis
c. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
d. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis - -answer- : d
What two glands are either absent or deficient in Di George Syndrome? (must
have both) - -answer- : parathyroid, thymus
, The nurse, when planning care, recalls that chest percussion and postural
drainage for a toddler with cystic fibrosis are best done:
a. After suctioning
b. Before aerosol therapy with bronchodilators
c. one hour before meals
d. immediately after meals - -answer- : c
A 2 year old boy is brought to the ER with low grade fever, frequent dry, barky
cough, and runny nose. His chest x-ray report notes a "steeple sign" of the
trachea. The nursing interventions the nurse should anticipate are:
a. Humidified oxygen and steroid administration
b. Antibiotic administration and oxygen
c. Chest physiotherapy and suction
d. Antipyretics and surgery - -answer- : a
A physician prescribes an IV solution of 5% dextrose and ½ normal saline (NS) with
40 meq of potassium chloride (KCl) added for a child with hypotonic dehydration.
The nurse performs which priority assessment before administering this IV
solution?
a. Checks that the child is producing urine
b. Takes a temperature
c. Takes a blood pressure
d. Presence of edema - -answer- : a
exam consists of frequently tested questions and
answers solved 100%)
A 12-month-old child has been diagnosed with an atrial septal defect (ASD). The
mother of the patient asks the nurse why her child does not have bluish skin if the
blood from the right atrium and left atrium are "mixing" secondary to the opening
in the septum. The nurse explains that the child does not have cyanosis because
a. The child is compensating well
b. Blood from the right atrium shunts to the left atrium
c. The blood does not "mix" with an ASD
d. Blood from the left atrium shunts to the right atrium - -answer- : d
The nurse teaches a 5 year old child with asthma how to use an inhaler. What is
the most appropriate way to evaluate her understanding?
a. Asking questions about the inhaler
b. Explaining how the inhaler will be used at home
c. Have the child tell the nurse what she learned
d. Have the child show the nurse how to use the inhaler - -answer- : d
,When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should know which of
the following?
a. Child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours
b. Principal area of involvement is the joints
c. Aspirin is contraindicated
d. Therapeutic management includes administration of immunoglobulins and
aspirin - -answer- : d
A four year old girl is brought to the emergency room. She has a "froglike"
croaking sound on inspiration, a high fever, is agitated, and is drooling. She insists
on sitting upright. The nurse should do which of the following?
a. Examine her oral pharynx and notify the physician.
b. Make her lie down and rest quietly
c. Auscultate her lungs and make preparations to place her in a mist tent
d. Notify the physician immediately and be prepared to assist with a
tracheostomy or intubation - -answer- : d
The nurse is caring for a newborn with congenital heart disease. Which of the
following statements is most true regarding feeding?
a. The infant needs to be fed large amounts over a long period of time
b. Infants with heart disease require fewer calories
,c. Mothers should be discouraged from breastfeeding as it causes increased
fatigue in the infant and they become more cyanotic
d. Gavage or ng tube feedings may be necessary to provide increased calories and
rest - -answer- : d
A child with Tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely ill with an increase in cyanosis,
tachycardia, and tachypnea, is having a "tet spell". To relieve the cardiac load, the
nurse will do which of the following?
a. Place the child in Trendelenburg position
b. Place the child in knee-chest position
c. Have oxygen equipment available
d. Have suction equipment available - -answer- : b
Dylan is a 3 year old boy who was found unattended in his parent's garage. Next
to Dylan was an opened bottle of anti-freeze. His initial blood gas is: pH 7.15,
pCO2 40, pO2 102, and HCO3 12. Dylan is in:
a. Compensated metabolic acidosis
b. Compensated metabolic alkalosis
c. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
d. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis - -answer- : d
What two glands are either absent or deficient in Di George Syndrome? (must
have both) - -answer- : parathyroid, thymus
, The nurse, when planning care, recalls that chest percussion and postural
drainage for a toddler with cystic fibrosis are best done:
a. After suctioning
b. Before aerosol therapy with bronchodilators
c. one hour before meals
d. immediately after meals - -answer- : c
A 2 year old boy is brought to the ER with low grade fever, frequent dry, barky
cough, and runny nose. His chest x-ray report notes a "steeple sign" of the
trachea. The nursing interventions the nurse should anticipate are:
a. Humidified oxygen and steroid administration
b. Antibiotic administration and oxygen
c. Chest physiotherapy and suction
d. Antipyretics and surgery - -answer- : a
A physician prescribes an IV solution of 5% dextrose and ½ normal saline (NS) with
40 meq of potassium chloride (KCl) added for a child with hypotonic dehydration.
The nurse performs which priority assessment before administering this IV
solution?
a. Checks that the child is producing urine
b. Takes a temperature
c. Takes a blood pressure
d. Presence of edema - -answer- : a
