Pharmacology ATI Review With
Correct Questions And Verified
Answers
Nursing Implications by Oral Route of Administration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-avoid
grapefruit juice
-in general, administer on an empty stomach (1 hr before meals, 2 hr after meals)
-use liquid form to facilitate swallowing whenever possible
Nursing Implications by Drop Instillation Route of Administration - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-side-lying
-place client supine with head positioned to allow medication to enter appropriate nasal passage
-instruct client to breathe through mouth, stay in supine position, and blowing nose for 5 min after drop
insertion
-dropped into center of conjunctival sac
-close eye to improve distribution of medication
needle sizes: subcutaneous - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<3/8 to 5/8, 25 to 27 gauge
(abdomen, upper hips/love handles, lateral upper arms)
needle sizes: Intramuscular - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<22 to 25 gauge, 1 to 1.5 inches
((ventrogluteal, deltoid, vastus lateralis (pediatrics))
needle sizes: Intravenous - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<surgical: 18 gauge
trauma: 16 gauge
actions to verify trough level - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<blod specimen obtained
immediately prior to the next dose of medication
,6 patient rights - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<patient, medication, dose, time, route,
documentation
(product, price, time, place for right person)
preventing med errors: assessment - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<ensure knowledge of
medication. use appropriate resources: drug handbooks, physicians desk reference, professional
journals
preventing med erros: implementation - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<avoid distractions during
medication preparation (poor lighting, noise, interruptions)
Safe IV Administration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-potassium chloride can cause serious
adverse reactions; should be delivered with an electronic infusion pump for dose control
-scissors or electric shaver for hair removal
maintaining patency of IV access - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- do not stop continuous
infusion or or allow blood to back up into the catheter, clots can form
-flush intermittent IV catheters with appropriate solution after every med admin or every 8 to 12 hours
infiltration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<stop infusion and remove catheter
extravasation (infiltration of vesicant/tissue-damaging medication) - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<stop infusion and notify provider
hematoma - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<ecchymosis at site
-apply pressure after IV catheter removal
phebitis/thrombophebitis - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<edema, throbbing, burning, pain at
the site
- assess for palpable, hard mass above insertion site is a clinical manifestation of thrombophlebitis
, FDA risk to fetus medication categories:
(A is best, X is worst) - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Category A: There is no evidence of risk to
fetus during pregnancy based on adequate and well-controlled studies.
Category B: There is no evidence of risk to animal fetuses based on studies, but there are no adequate
and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Category C: Adverse effects have been demonstrated on animal fetuses. There are no adequate and
well-controlled studies in pregnant women, but use of the medication during pregnancy may be
warranted based on the potential benefits.
D: adverse effects demonstrated on data from investigational or marketing experience
X: adverse effects demonstrated on animal and human fetuses
Glucocorticoids - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<background
- produced in adrenal cortex
-cortisol produce to regulate glucose in responce to stress
Exemplar
Prednisone
AE: increase dose causes Cushing's syndrome
Cushing's syndrome: fluid retention, HTN, weight gain, fat redistribution and truncal obesity, moon face,
buffalo hump, susceptibility to infection, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, menstrual irregularities, thin
fragile skin, hirsutism
-concurrent use of glucocorticoids decrease anticoagulant effects of warfarin (warfarin is preg X med)
Addison's Disease - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- hyperpigmentation
- hypoglycemia
- low blood pressure
potassium normal range 3.5 to 5.5 mEq/L millimoles
hyperkalemia - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- can lower blood pressure
- causes:
kidney disease and failure
Correct Questions And Verified
Answers
Nursing Implications by Oral Route of Administration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-avoid
grapefruit juice
-in general, administer on an empty stomach (1 hr before meals, 2 hr after meals)
-use liquid form to facilitate swallowing whenever possible
Nursing Implications by Drop Instillation Route of Administration - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-side-lying
-place client supine with head positioned to allow medication to enter appropriate nasal passage
-instruct client to breathe through mouth, stay in supine position, and blowing nose for 5 min after drop
insertion
-dropped into center of conjunctival sac
-close eye to improve distribution of medication
needle sizes: subcutaneous - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<3/8 to 5/8, 25 to 27 gauge
(abdomen, upper hips/love handles, lateral upper arms)
needle sizes: Intramuscular - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<22 to 25 gauge, 1 to 1.5 inches
((ventrogluteal, deltoid, vastus lateralis (pediatrics))
needle sizes: Intravenous - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<surgical: 18 gauge
trauma: 16 gauge
actions to verify trough level - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<blod specimen obtained
immediately prior to the next dose of medication
,6 patient rights - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<patient, medication, dose, time, route,
documentation
(product, price, time, place for right person)
preventing med errors: assessment - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<ensure knowledge of
medication. use appropriate resources: drug handbooks, physicians desk reference, professional
journals
preventing med erros: implementation - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<avoid distractions during
medication preparation (poor lighting, noise, interruptions)
Safe IV Administration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<-potassium chloride can cause serious
adverse reactions; should be delivered with an electronic infusion pump for dose control
-scissors or electric shaver for hair removal
maintaining patency of IV access - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- do not stop continuous
infusion or or allow blood to back up into the catheter, clots can form
-flush intermittent IV catheters with appropriate solution after every med admin or every 8 to 12 hours
infiltration - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<stop infusion and remove catheter
extravasation (infiltration of vesicant/tissue-damaging medication) - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<stop infusion and notify provider
hematoma - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<ecchymosis at site
-apply pressure after IV catheter removal
phebitis/thrombophebitis - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<edema, throbbing, burning, pain at
the site
- assess for palpable, hard mass above insertion site is a clinical manifestation of thrombophlebitis
, FDA risk to fetus medication categories:
(A is best, X is worst) - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Category A: There is no evidence of risk to
fetus during pregnancy based on adequate and well-controlled studies.
Category B: There is no evidence of risk to animal fetuses based on studies, but there are no adequate
and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Category C: Adverse effects have been demonstrated on animal fetuses. There are no adequate and
well-controlled studies in pregnant women, but use of the medication during pregnancy may be
warranted based on the potential benefits.
D: adverse effects demonstrated on data from investigational or marketing experience
X: adverse effects demonstrated on animal and human fetuses
Glucocorticoids - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<background
- produced in adrenal cortex
-cortisol produce to regulate glucose in responce to stress
Exemplar
Prednisone
AE: increase dose causes Cushing's syndrome
Cushing's syndrome: fluid retention, HTN, weight gain, fat redistribution and truncal obesity, moon face,
buffalo hump, susceptibility to infection, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, menstrual irregularities, thin
fragile skin, hirsutism
-concurrent use of glucocorticoids decrease anticoagulant effects of warfarin (warfarin is preg X med)
Addison's Disease - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- hyperpigmentation
- hypoglycemia
- low blood pressure
potassium normal range 3.5 to 5.5 mEq/L millimoles
hyperkalemia - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- can lower blood pressure
- causes:
kidney disease and failure
