BIO 256 UPDATED EXAM TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔ Carbohydrate digestion begins in the __________ with the enzyme __________. -
✔✔mouth, salivary amylase
✔✔The bolus of food moves down the esophagus by a motility process called
__________. - ✔✔peristalsis
✔✔Motility is accomplished in the large intestines by which processes? -
✔✔haustrations
mass movements
✔✔Most nutrient absorption occurs in the __________. - ✔✔small intestine
✔✔Digestion of proteins begins in the __________ by the action of __________. -
✔✔stomach, proteases
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a basic process of the gastrointestinal tract?
-digestion
-synthesis
-motility
-secretion - ✔✔synthesis
✔✔Which organ of the GI absorbs water and ions? - ✔✔the colon
✔✔Which organ produces the majority of digestive enzymes - ✔✔the pancreas
✔✔The secretion of bile, the metabolic processing of nutrients, the removal of aged red
blood cells, and the synthesis of plasma proteins are among the functions of which of
the following organs?
-the pancreas
-the esophagus
-the liver
-the stomach - ✔✔the liver
✔✔Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur? - ✔✔duodenum
✔✔In what form are all carbohydrates absorbed? - ✔✔monosaccharides
✔✔In general, how does increased sympathetic activity alter GI activity? - ✔✔reduced
GI activity
, ✔✔Involuntary muscle contraction that propels contents longitudinally down the length
of the GI tract is called __________. - ✔✔peristalsis
✔✔During which phase in the control of the digestive system would bicarbonate and
bile be stimulated? - ✔✔intestinal phase
✔✔Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter released by which fibers? - ✔✔sympathetic
postganglionic fibers
✔✔Enteric interneurons that are inhibitory to smooth muscle use which of the following
neurotransmitters? - ✔✔VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)
✔✔Which of the following intestinal hormones stimulates the release of bile from the
gall bladder? - ✔✔CCK (cholecystokinin)
✔✔Which of the following GI hormones promotes a pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate
ions? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔Salivation is controlled almost entirely by the nervous system. Which of the following
stimuli would inhibit salivation?
-a lemon
-fear
-the thought of food
-nausea - ✔✔fear
✔✔HCl secretions convert pepsinogen to the active hormone pepsin. What cells in the
gastric pits produce pepsinogen? - ✔✔cheif
✔✔In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What
cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions? - ✔✔acinar cells
✔✔An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) secretion in the duodenum would stimulate
which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following?
-bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
-intrinsic factor
-digestive enzymes
-bile - ✔✔bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
✔✔What is secreted into the GI in all phases of digestion to protect the lining of the GI?
- ✔✔bicarbonate
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔ Carbohydrate digestion begins in the __________ with the enzyme __________. -
✔✔mouth, salivary amylase
✔✔The bolus of food moves down the esophagus by a motility process called
__________. - ✔✔peristalsis
✔✔Motility is accomplished in the large intestines by which processes? -
✔✔haustrations
mass movements
✔✔Most nutrient absorption occurs in the __________. - ✔✔small intestine
✔✔Digestion of proteins begins in the __________ by the action of __________. -
✔✔stomach, proteases
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a basic process of the gastrointestinal tract?
-digestion
-synthesis
-motility
-secretion - ✔✔synthesis
✔✔Which organ of the GI absorbs water and ions? - ✔✔the colon
✔✔Which organ produces the majority of digestive enzymes - ✔✔the pancreas
✔✔The secretion of bile, the metabolic processing of nutrients, the removal of aged red
blood cells, and the synthesis of plasma proteins are among the functions of which of
the following organs?
-the pancreas
-the esophagus
-the liver
-the stomach - ✔✔the liver
✔✔Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur? - ✔✔duodenum
✔✔In what form are all carbohydrates absorbed? - ✔✔monosaccharides
✔✔In general, how does increased sympathetic activity alter GI activity? - ✔✔reduced
GI activity
, ✔✔Involuntary muscle contraction that propels contents longitudinally down the length
of the GI tract is called __________. - ✔✔peristalsis
✔✔During which phase in the control of the digestive system would bicarbonate and
bile be stimulated? - ✔✔intestinal phase
✔✔Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter released by which fibers? - ✔✔sympathetic
postganglionic fibers
✔✔Enteric interneurons that are inhibitory to smooth muscle use which of the following
neurotransmitters? - ✔✔VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)
✔✔Which of the following intestinal hormones stimulates the release of bile from the
gall bladder? - ✔✔CCK (cholecystokinin)
✔✔Which of the following GI hormones promotes a pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate
ions? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔Salivation is controlled almost entirely by the nervous system. Which of the following
stimuli would inhibit salivation?
-a lemon
-fear
-the thought of food
-nausea - ✔✔fear
✔✔HCl secretions convert pepsinogen to the active hormone pepsin. What cells in the
gastric pits produce pepsinogen? - ✔✔cheif
✔✔In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What
cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions? - ✔✔acinar cells
✔✔An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) secretion in the duodenum would stimulate
which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl? - ✔✔secretin
✔✔The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following?
-bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
-intrinsic factor
-digestive enzymes
-bile - ✔✔bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus
✔✔What is secreted into the GI in all phases of digestion to protect the lining of the GI?
- ✔✔bicarbonate
