BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. tenderness: You are assessing a patient with joint pain and are trying to decide whether it is inflammatory or
noninflammatory in nature. Which one of the following symptoms is consistent with an inflammatory process?
A) Tenderness
B) Cool temperature
C) Ecchymosis
D) Nodules
2. lupus: You are assessing a patient with dittuse joint pains and want to make sure that only the joints are the
problem, and that the pain is not related to other diseases. Which of the following is a systemic cause of joint pain?
A) Gout
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Lupus
D) Spondylosis
3. lyme disease: A 19-year-old college sophomore comes to the clinic for evaluation of joint pains. The student
has been back from spring break for 2 weeks; during her holiday, she went camping. She notes that she had a red
spot, shaped like a target, but then it started spreading, and then the joint pains started. She used insect repellant but
was in an area known to have ticks. She has never been sick and takes no medications routinely; she has never been
sexually active. What is the most likely cause of her joint pain?
4. foot arched: An 85-year-old retired housewife comes with her daughter to establish care. Her daughter is
concerned because her mother has started to fall more. As part of her physical examination, you ask her to walk across
the examination room. Which of the following is not part of the stance phase of gait?
A) Foot arched
B) Heel strike
C) Mid-stance
D) Push-ott
5. straight leg-raise: A 32-year-old warehouse worker presents for evaluation of low back pain. He notes a
sudden onset of pain after lifting a set of boxes that were heavier than usual. He also states that he has numbness and
tingling in the left leg. He wants to know if he needs to be ott of work. What test should you perform to assess for a
herniated disc?
6. mechanical low back pain: A 33-year-old construction worker comes for evaluation and treatment of
acute onset of low back pain. He notes that the pain is an aching located in the lumbosacral area. It has been present
intermittently for several years; there is no known trauma or injury. He points to the left lower back. The pain does not
radiate and there is no numbness or tingling in the legs or incontinence. He was moving furniture for a friend over the
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
weekend. On physical examination, you note muscle spasm, with normal deep tendon reflexes and muscle strength.
What is the most likely cause of this patient's low back pain?
7. Cervical sprain: A 50-year-old realtor comes to your oflce for evaluation of neck pain. She was in a motor
vehicle collision 2 days ago and was assessed by the emergency medical technicians on site, but she didn't think that
she needed to go to the emergency room at that time. Now, she has severe pain and stittness in her neck. On physical
examination, you note pain and spasm over the paraspinous muscles on the left side of the neck, and pain when you
make the patient do active range of motion of the cervical spine. What is the most likely cause of this neck pain?
8. Fibromyalgia: A 28-year-old graduate student comes to your clinic for evaluation of pain "all over." With further
questioning, she is able to relate that the pain is worse in the neck, shoulders, hands, low back, and knees. She denies
swelling in her joints; she states that the pain is worse in the morning; there is no limitation in her range of motion.
On physical examination, she has several points on the muscles of the neck, shoulders, and back that are tender to
palpation; muscle strength and range of motion are normal. Which of the following is likely the cause of her pain?
9. Rotator cuff tendinitis: A 68-year-old retired banker comes to your clinic for evaluation of left shoulder
pain. He swims for 30 minutes daily, early in the morning. He notes a sharp, catching pain and a sensation of something
grating when he tries overhead movements of his arm. On physical examination, you note tenderness just below the
tip of the acromion in the area of the tendon insertions. The drop arm test is negative, and there is no limitation with
shoulder shrug. The patient is not holding his arm close to his side, and there is no tenderness to palpation in the
bicipital groove when the arm is at the patient's side, flexed to 90 degrees, and then supinated against resistance.
Based on this description, what is the most likely cause of his shoulder pain?
10. tendons: A high school soccer player "blew out his knee" when the opposing goalie's head and shoulder struck
his flexed knee while the goalie was diving for the ball. All of the following structures were involved in some way in his
injury, but which of the following is actually an extra-articular structure?
A) Synovium
B) Joint capsule
C) Juxta-articular bone
D) Tendons
11. Extra-articular: Ray works a physical job and notes pain when he attempts to lift his arm over his head. When
you move the shoulder passively, he has full range of motion without pain and there is no gross swelling or tenderness.
What type of joint disease does this most likely represent?
12. Cartilaginous: Mark is a contractor who recently injured his back. He was told he had a "bulging disc" to
account for the burning pain down his right leg and slight foot drop. The vertebral bodies of the spine involve which
type of joint?
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
13. Temporomandibular joint: Which of the following synovial joints would be an example of a condylar
joint?
A) Hip
B) Interphalangeal joints of the hand
C) Temporomandibular joint
D) Intervertebral joint
14. Pain that is bilateral: A 58-year-old man comes to your oflce complaining of bilateral back pain that now
awakens him at night. This has been steadily increasing for the past 2 months. Which one of the following is the most
reassuring in this patient with back pain?
A) Age over 50
B) Pain at night
C) Pain lasting more than 1 month or not responding to therapy
D) Pain that is bilateral
15. Cauda equina: Marion presents to your oflce with back pain associated with constipation and urinary
retention. Which of the following is most likely?
16. pain: Louise, a 60-year-old, complains of left knee pain associated with tenderness throughout, redness, and
warmth over the joint. Which of the following is least helpful in determining if a joint problem is inflammatory?
A) Tenderness
B) Pain
C) Warmth
D) Redness
17. Articular joint pain: Pain, swelling, loss of both active and passive motion, locking, and deformity would
be consistent with which of the following?
A) Articular joint pain
B) Bursitis
C) Muscular injury
D) Nerve damage
18. Gonococcal arthritis: You are working in a college health clinic and seeing a young woman with a red,
painful, swollen DIP joint on the left index finger. There are also a few papules, pustules, and vesicles on reddened
bases, located on the distal extremities. This would be consistent with with what?
19. Delayed menarche: An obese 55-year-old woman went through menarche at age 16 and menopause
2 years ago. She is concerned because an aunt had severe osteoporosis. Which of the following is a risk factor for
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
osteoporosis?
A) Obesity
B) Late menopause
C) Having an aunt with osteoporosis
D) Delayed menarche
20. Rheumatoid arthritis: A 38-year-old woman comes to you and has multiple small joints involved with
pain, swelling, and stittness. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Gout
D) Trauma
21. Temporomandibular joint syndrome: Mrs. Fletcher comes to your oflce with unilateral pain
during chewing, which is chronic. She does not have facial tenderness or tenderness of the scalp. What is the most
likely cause of her pain?
22. 2-3 weeks: A man's wife is upset because when she hugs him with her hands on his left shoulder blade, "it
feels creepy." This came on gradually after a recent severe left-sided rotator cutt tear. How long does it usually take to
develop muscular atrophy with increased prominence of the scapular spine following a rotator cutt tear?
23. Acromioclavicular joint involvement: Phil comes to your oflce with left "shoulder pain." You find
that the pain is markedly worse when his left arm is drawn across his chest (adduction). What would you suspect?
24. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow): Two weeks ago, Mary started a job which requires carrying
40-pound buckets. She presents with elbow pain worse on the right. On examination, it hurts her elbows to dorsiflex
her hands against resistance when her palms face the floor. What condition does she have?
25. scaphoid fx: A high school football player injured his wrist in a game. He is tender between the two tendons
at the base of the thumb. Which of the following should be considered?
26. median nerve: Mrs. Fletcher complains of numbness of her right hand. On examination, sensation of the
volar aspect of the web of the thumb and index finger and the pulp of the middle finger are normal. The pulp of the
index finger has decreased sensation. Which of the following is attected?
27. Trochanteric bursitis: A 50-year-old woman presents with "left hip pain" of several weeks duration. There
is marked tenderness when you press over her proximal lateral thigh. What do you think she has?
28. Torn medial meniscus: Sarah presents with left lateral knee pain and has some locking in full extension.
There is tenderness over the medial joint line. When the knee is extended with the foot externally rotated and some
valgus stress is applied, a click is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
1. tenderness: You are assessing a patient with joint pain and are trying to decide whether it is inflammatory or
noninflammatory in nature. Which one of the following symptoms is consistent with an inflammatory process?
A) Tenderness
B) Cool temperature
C) Ecchymosis
D) Nodules
2. lupus: You are assessing a patient with dittuse joint pains and want to make sure that only the joints are the
problem, and that the pain is not related to other diseases. Which of the following is a systemic cause of joint pain?
A) Gout
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Lupus
D) Spondylosis
3. lyme disease: A 19-year-old college sophomore comes to the clinic for evaluation of joint pains. The student
has been back from spring break for 2 weeks; during her holiday, she went camping. She notes that she had a red
spot, shaped like a target, but then it started spreading, and then the joint pains started. She used insect repellant but
was in an area known to have ticks. She has never been sick and takes no medications routinely; she has never been
sexually active. What is the most likely cause of her joint pain?
4. foot arched: An 85-year-old retired housewife comes with her daughter to establish care. Her daughter is
concerned because her mother has started to fall more. As part of her physical examination, you ask her to walk across
the examination room. Which of the following is not part of the stance phase of gait?
A) Foot arched
B) Heel strike
C) Mid-stance
D) Push-ott
5. straight leg-raise: A 32-year-old warehouse worker presents for evaluation of low back pain. He notes a
sudden onset of pain after lifting a set of boxes that were heavier than usual. He also states that he has numbness and
tingling in the left leg. He wants to know if he needs to be ott of work. What test should you perform to assess for a
herniated disc?
6. mechanical low back pain: A 33-year-old construction worker comes for evaluation and treatment of
acute onset of low back pain. He notes that the pain is an aching located in the lumbosacral area. It has been present
intermittently for several years; there is no known trauma or injury. He points to the left lower back. The pain does not
radiate and there is no numbness or tingling in the legs or incontinence. He was moving furniture for a friend over the
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
weekend. On physical examination, you note muscle spasm, with normal deep tendon reflexes and muscle strength.
What is the most likely cause of this patient's low back pain?
7. Cervical sprain: A 50-year-old realtor comes to your oflce for evaluation of neck pain. She was in a motor
vehicle collision 2 days ago and was assessed by the emergency medical technicians on site, but she didn't think that
she needed to go to the emergency room at that time. Now, she has severe pain and stittness in her neck. On physical
examination, you note pain and spasm over the paraspinous muscles on the left side of the neck, and pain when you
make the patient do active range of motion of the cervical spine. What is the most likely cause of this neck pain?
8. Fibromyalgia: A 28-year-old graduate student comes to your clinic for evaluation of pain "all over." With further
questioning, she is able to relate that the pain is worse in the neck, shoulders, hands, low back, and knees. She denies
swelling in her joints; she states that the pain is worse in the morning; there is no limitation in her range of motion.
On physical examination, she has several points on the muscles of the neck, shoulders, and back that are tender to
palpation; muscle strength and range of motion are normal. Which of the following is likely the cause of her pain?
9. Rotator cuff tendinitis: A 68-year-old retired banker comes to your clinic for evaluation of left shoulder
pain. He swims for 30 minutes daily, early in the morning. He notes a sharp, catching pain and a sensation of something
grating when he tries overhead movements of his arm. On physical examination, you note tenderness just below the
tip of the acromion in the area of the tendon insertions. The drop arm test is negative, and there is no limitation with
shoulder shrug. The patient is not holding his arm close to his side, and there is no tenderness to palpation in the
bicipital groove when the arm is at the patient's side, flexed to 90 degrees, and then supinated against resistance.
Based on this description, what is the most likely cause of his shoulder pain?
10. tendons: A high school soccer player "blew out his knee" when the opposing goalie's head and shoulder struck
his flexed knee while the goalie was diving for the ball. All of the following structures were involved in some way in his
injury, but which of the following is actually an extra-articular structure?
A) Synovium
B) Joint capsule
C) Juxta-articular bone
D) Tendons
11. Extra-articular: Ray works a physical job and notes pain when he attempts to lift his arm over his head. When
you move the shoulder passively, he has full range of motion without pain and there is no gross swelling or tenderness.
What type of joint disease does this most likely represent?
12. Cartilaginous: Mark is a contractor who recently injured his back. He was told he had a "bulging disc" to
account for the burning pain down his right leg and slight foot drop. The vertebral bodies of the spine involve which
type of joint?
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
13. Temporomandibular joint: Which of the following synovial joints would be an example of a condylar
joint?
A) Hip
B) Interphalangeal joints of the hand
C) Temporomandibular joint
D) Intervertebral joint
14. Pain that is bilateral: A 58-year-old man comes to your oflce complaining of bilateral back pain that now
awakens him at night. This has been steadily increasing for the past 2 months. Which one of the following is the most
reassuring in this patient with back pain?
A) Age over 50
B) Pain at night
C) Pain lasting more than 1 month or not responding to therapy
D) Pain that is bilateral
15. Cauda equina: Marion presents to your oflce with back pain associated with constipation and urinary
retention. Which of the following is most likely?
16. pain: Louise, a 60-year-old, complains of left knee pain associated with tenderness throughout, redness, and
warmth over the joint. Which of the following is least helpful in determining if a joint problem is inflammatory?
A) Tenderness
B) Pain
C) Warmth
D) Redness
17. Articular joint pain: Pain, swelling, loss of both active and passive motion, locking, and deformity would
be consistent with which of the following?
A) Articular joint pain
B) Bursitis
C) Muscular injury
D) Nerve damage
18. Gonococcal arthritis: You are working in a college health clinic and seeing a young woman with a red,
painful, swollen DIP joint on the left index finger. There are also a few papules, pustules, and vesicles on reddened
bases, located on the distal extremities. This would be consistent with with what?
19. Delayed menarche: An obese 55-year-old woman went through menarche at age 16 and menopause
2 years ago. She is concerned because an aunt had severe osteoporosis. Which of the following is a risk factor for
, BATES TEST BANK EXAM COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
osteoporosis?
A) Obesity
B) Late menopause
C) Having an aunt with osteoporosis
D) Delayed menarche
20. Rheumatoid arthritis: A 38-year-old woman comes to you and has multiple small joints involved with
pain, swelling, and stittness. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Septic arthritis
C) Gout
D) Trauma
21. Temporomandibular joint syndrome: Mrs. Fletcher comes to your oflce with unilateral pain
during chewing, which is chronic. She does not have facial tenderness or tenderness of the scalp. What is the most
likely cause of her pain?
22. 2-3 weeks: A man's wife is upset because when she hugs him with her hands on his left shoulder blade, "it
feels creepy." This came on gradually after a recent severe left-sided rotator cutt tear. How long does it usually take to
develop muscular atrophy with increased prominence of the scapular spine following a rotator cutt tear?
23. Acromioclavicular joint involvement: Phil comes to your oflce with left "shoulder pain." You find
that the pain is markedly worse when his left arm is drawn across his chest (adduction). What would you suspect?
24. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow): Two weeks ago, Mary started a job which requires carrying
40-pound buckets. She presents with elbow pain worse on the right. On examination, it hurts her elbows to dorsiflex
her hands against resistance when her palms face the floor. What condition does she have?
25. scaphoid fx: A high school football player injured his wrist in a game. He is tender between the two tendons
at the base of the thumb. Which of the following should be considered?
26. median nerve: Mrs. Fletcher complains of numbness of her right hand. On examination, sensation of the
volar aspect of the web of the thumb and index finger and the pulp of the middle finger are normal. The pulp of the
index finger has decreased sensation. Which of the following is attected?
27. Trochanteric bursitis: A 50-year-old woman presents with "left hip pain" of several weeks duration. There
is marked tenderness when you press over her proximal lateral thigh. What do you think she has?
28. Torn medial meniscus: Sarah presents with left lateral knee pain and has some locking in full extension.
There is tenderness over the medial joint line. When the knee is extended with the foot externally rotated and some
valgus stress is applied, a click is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
