Antibacterials

learning outcome




· define antibacterials


· How do they fight bacteria



·
M . O .
A
of antibacterials



·
examples of antibacterial drugs



Antibacterials > -
substances that kill bacteria or stop their growth (bacteriostatic




How do they fight bacteria !




Target biological processes that are different between bacteria and host




Antibacterial drug classes




1. cell wall Synthesis inhibitors




·
Beta lactams - > bind to penicillin binding proteins and inhibit transpeptidase activity




have beta lactam
· a
ring

· bacteria have developed resistance >
- bacterias synthesise beta lactamase -> breaks beta lactam
ring

· overcome resistance :




·
develop beta lactamase inhibitors >
- and
give that with antibiotics e .

.
g clavulanic acid


·
change the
ring and make it resistant to the
enzyme-> e .


g
.
beta lactamase resistant penicillins , carbapenems ,
monobactam


·
Examples : penicillin , cephalosporins , carbapenems ,
monobactams




· non-Beta lactams- > inhibit other steps in the
cynthesis of peptidoglycans




Bind to of the
·
peptide motif peptidoglycan precursor


· PBP can't do
transglycosylation and transpeptidation needed to synthesise peptidoglycan
·
example vancomycin