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Beta blockers

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2024/2025 Written for academic year
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St Georges
Course
Introduction to Pharmacodynamics (PHA402)
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These notes cover autonomic nervous system physiology, β-adrenergic GPCRs, and the pharmacology of beta-blockers, including receptor selectivity, mechanisms in hypertension, and key side effects, supported by diagrams and colour-coded highlights.

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Beta blockers




learning objectives


·
difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic ANS


mechanism of action of Beta blockers ->
> beta-1 and beta-2 adrenoreceptors

list cardiovascular conditions this drug can treat


↳ how the condition include adverse
they treat >
-
drug effects

·
Explain why adverse effect happen using mechanism of action




ANS




What are beta blockers ?




· GPCR


·
broadly alpha and beta adrenoreceptors

· beta blocker block beta adrenoreceptors they look similar

X
> can be non-selective
-
and also have antagonism on alpha adrenoreceptors




then activated
·
by catecholamine like adrenaline > -
beta adrenoreceptor stimulate adenyly-cyclase

ATP-> CAMP

-
heart muscle contraction smooth muscle relaxation glycogenolysis (glylogen -
> glucose)
, ,




Selectivity of beta-blockers




main ·
Beta1-mainly cardial


>
-
cardio selective drugs - e .

.
g bisoprolol

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Uploaded on
February 5, 2026
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Fu liang ng
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Browse related subjects

Subjects

  • beta blockers
  • autonomic nervous system
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic
  • beta receptors
  • hypertension
  • ischaemic heart attack
  • heart failure
  • mechanism of action
  • propanol
  • adverse eff
  • selective and non selective

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