Acute Kidney Injury Test Questions and Answers Rated A
How is AKI characterized? - -AKI is disorders, toxemia of pregnancy, malignant
characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function hepertension, and Systemic lupus
demonstrated by a rise in serum creatinine and erythematososus.
or a reduction in urine output.
What are the causes of Post renal of AKI? -
50% of AKI is associated with what condition? - -Post renal causes involve mechanical
-Oliguria (<400 ml/day) obstruction in the outflow of urine. Examples
include: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder
cancer, calculi formation, neruromuscular
What is the most common cause of Acute Kidney disorders, prostate cancer, spinal cord disease,
Injury? - -Acute tubular necrosis strictures, and trauma.
What is the cause of Acute tubular necrosis? - What does RIFLE stand for? - -R: Risk
-Ischemia, nephrotoxins, and sepsis I: injury
F: Failure
L: Loss
What are the 3 pathophysiologic states of E: End stage kidney disease
azotmeia? - -Prerenal, intrarenal, and post
renal
What happens to the GFR during the oliguric
phase? - -there is a reduction
What are the prerenal causes of AKI? - -
Prerenal causes of AKI are factors external to the
kidneys. Which include: hypovolemia, decreased What is the onset of the oliguric phase? - -
cardiac output, decreased peripheral vascular Onset is 1-7 days of the causative agent
resistance, and decreased renovascular blood
flow.
What is the duration of the oliguric phase? -
-10-14 days , maybe months
What affect do prerenal factors have on the
kidneys? - -They reduce systemic
circulation causing a reduction in renal blood What happens during the oliguric phase to the
flow, and lead to a decreased glomerular Urine Na and the urine specific gravity if the
perfusion and filtration of the kidneys. cause of AKI is prerenal? - -There will be a
decrease in the urine Na and a increase in the
urine specific gravity (>1.025)
What are the intrarenal causes of AKI? - -
Intrarenal causes of AKI include conditions that
cause direct damage to the kidney tissue , What happens during the oliguric phase to the
resulting in impaired nephron function. Examples Urine Na and the urine specific gravity if the
of intrarenal causes include: Nephrotoxic injury, cause of AKI is Inrarenal? - -There is a
interstitial nephritis, and prolonged renal increase in the urine Na and the specific gravity
ischemia, acute glomerulonephritis, thrombotic is fixed at 1.010
1/3
How is AKI characterized? - -AKI is disorders, toxemia of pregnancy, malignant
characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function hepertension, and Systemic lupus
demonstrated by a rise in serum creatinine and erythematososus.
or a reduction in urine output.
What are the causes of Post renal of AKI? -
50% of AKI is associated with what condition? - -Post renal causes involve mechanical
-Oliguria (<400 ml/day) obstruction in the outflow of urine. Examples
include: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder
cancer, calculi formation, neruromuscular
What is the most common cause of Acute Kidney disorders, prostate cancer, spinal cord disease,
Injury? - -Acute tubular necrosis strictures, and trauma.
What is the cause of Acute tubular necrosis? - What does RIFLE stand for? - -R: Risk
-Ischemia, nephrotoxins, and sepsis I: injury
F: Failure
L: Loss
What are the 3 pathophysiologic states of E: End stage kidney disease
azotmeia? - -Prerenal, intrarenal, and post
renal
What happens to the GFR during the oliguric
phase? - -there is a reduction
What are the prerenal causes of AKI? - -
Prerenal causes of AKI are factors external to the
kidneys. Which include: hypovolemia, decreased What is the onset of the oliguric phase? - -
cardiac output, decreased peripheral vascular Onset is 1-7 days of the causative agent
resistance, and decreased renovascular blood
flow.
What is the duration of the oliguric phase? -
-10-14 days , maybe months
What affect do prerenal factors have on the
kidneys? - -They reduce systemic
circulation causing a reduction in renal blood What happens during the oliguric phase to the
flow, and lead to a decreased glomerular Urine Na and the urine specific gravity if the
perfusion and filtration of the kidneys. cause of AKI is prerenal? - -There will be a
decrease in the urine Na and a increase in the
urine specific gravity (>1.025)
What are the intrarenal causes of AKI? - -
Intrarenal causes of AKI include conditions that
cause direct damage to the kidney tissue , What happens during the oliguric phase to the
resulting in impaired nephron function. Examples Urine Na and the urine specific gravity if the
of intrarenal causes include: Nephrotoxic injury, cause of AKI is Inrarenal? - -There is a
interstitial nephritis, and prolonged renal increase in the urine Na and the specific gravity
ischemia, acute glomerulonephritis, thrombotic is fixed at 1.010
1/3
