communication - Answers each act of transmitting information
process of communication - Answers sending and receiving information
theory - Answers statement that seeks to explain or predict relationships
model - Answers visual representation of theorized relationships
transmission model (Shannon & Weaver 1949) - Answers linear process; sender, message, channel,
receiver, effect; noise can disrupt process
transmission model (Lasswell 1948) - Answers linear process; who, what, channel, whom, effect; only
successful if message successfully reachers and is correctly interpreted
David Berlo's SMCR communication model - Answers sender, message, channel, receiver, and coding;
views communication as a transfer of information and as one-way
reception and audience theories - Answers focus on receiver, understanding, and making meaning out
of interpretations
Stuart Hall's theory of encoding and decoding - Answers production, circulation, use, reproduction
dominant decoding - Answers decoding matches encoding
negotiated decoding - Answers shares some traits with dominant meaning; unique based on
receiver's experiences
oppositional decoding - Answers fundamentally different from dominant meaning
interpersonal communication - Answers verbal and nonverbal interaction between two or more
interdependent people
qualities of interpersonal communication - Answers occurs among interdependent individuals,
inevitably relational, exists on a continuum, result of choices you make, inevitable, irreversible
relational developmental model - Answers contact, involvement, intimacy, deterioration, repair,
dissolution
interpersonal commitment phase - Answers commit yourself to one another in a private way
social bonding phase - Answers commitment is made public
social penetration theory - Answers a theory that predicts that as relationships develop,
communication increases in breadth and depth, and increase of self-disclosing
social exchange theory - Answers proposes that relationships people choose to create and maintain
are the ones that maximize our rewards and minimize our costs
rewards - Answers elements that are perceived as having positive value
costs - Answers elements that are perceived as having negative value
outcome - Answers perceived rewards minus the costs of the relationship
comparison level - Answers the threshold above which a current relationship seems satisfactory
comparison level of alternatives - Answers the best outcome available in other relationships
theory of relational dialectics - Answers all couples struggle with how to cope with ongoing interplay
between contrary or opposing needs or desires; includes autonomy vs. connection, openness vs.
closedness, novelty vs. predictability
autonomy vs. connection - Answers need to become independent versus need to be associated to
others; basic need of affection
openness vs. closedness - Answers need for self-disclosure conflicts with the need for privacy
novelty vs. predictability - Answers need routine for security of behavior conflicts with novelty
wearing off and things seeming monotonous
language - Answers system of symbols that people use to transfer meaning among
semantics - Answers study of words and their meaning
syntax - Answers study of word order and how they are strung together
language use - Answers inherently social and is a tool for some objective
speech acts - Answers utterances that have a performance function in conversation
pragmatics - Answers study of how the context or social setting plays a role in the use and
interpretation of the language
literal language - Answers use and understanding of words occur in a very fundamental and basic way
without added meaning from the context
implicature - Answers focuses on how people are able to transfer meaning that is greater than what
they are literally saying
speaker's perspective - Answers utterances that are indirect require pragmatics to understand that
the meaning is greater than the literal interpretation