AMD 245 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS | 2026 | WITH FULL
SOLUTIONS
Functions of the elements of design - Answers -The elements of design are the basic
perceivable units of a form
- Used to describe product, environment, and body
Perceived primarily through the senses of sight and touch
Can describe the 5ps
Used together to create brand identity and influence brand image
- E.G. Blue box from tiffany. A brands signature color
Identify the difference between layout and surface structure and how it contributes to
elements of design (e.g. layout pleats or surface stripes adding dominant vertical lines) -
Answers -LAYOUT Results from three- dimensional, physical manipulation of the
finished materials of the 5ps.
- Lines, Shapes, Textures created through the production process of the
product/apparel.
- Cutting and Sewing
- Also found in retail environments
- Architecture, furnishings
SURFACE Surface Structures - are created during the making of the materials
themselves
- E.G. Knitted Stripes, Animal Print Motif, Brocade weave, surface lines, surface shapes
and colors
Texture, color, shapes, and lines incorporated into the surface of the materials.
Shapes and lines from the surface of apparel
- Fabric prints, plaids, stripes, dyes
- Knit or woven structure
- Embossed or polished leather
Includes surfaces of retail environment
- Fabric, class, brick, wood, metal, etc.
Identify how surface and layout interact in a garment (e.g., emphasizing layout with
color blocked surface) - Answers -Surface interacts with a garment by Texture, color,
shapes, and lines incorporated into the surface of the materials. Shapes and lines from
the surface of apparel. Fabric prints, plaids, stripes, dyes. Knit or woven structure.
Embossed or polished leather
Layout interacts with a garment by Layout lines. Seams, darts, pleats, gathers. Layout
shapes. Sleeves, bodices, skirts, pockets, collars, cuffs, yokes, gussets
Hue - Answers -- Name of the base color on the color wheel
- Color wheel organizes colors in terms of hue
- Artists or pranf standard color wheel includes 12 hues
- Munsell and ostwald system divide colors onto more base hues
, Value - Answers -- lightness or darkness of the hue
- Its closeness to the darkness of black or the lightness of white
Value: tints, shades and tones
- Tints are light blue hues from adding white
- Shades are dark values hues from adding black
- Tones are medium value hues from adding gray
intensity - Answers -- purity, brightness or saturation of a color
- Pure pigment colors on the wheel are most intense or saturated
- Intensity lowered by mixing the pure hue with
1. Gray of the same value
2. The complementary color
Warm and cool colors - Answers -- Hues can be divided into warm colors and cool
colors
- Warm colors advance or appear closer
- Cool colors recede or seem farther away
Identify color relationships/color schemes, warm and cool colors - Answers -- Hues can
be divided into warm colors and cool colors
- Warm colors advance or appear closer
- Cool colors recede or seem farther away
The attention getting nature of warm colors make them a good choice for product
presentation signage
Undertones- warm or cool cast influenced by small amounts of color mixed together
- Yellow cast= warm
- Blue cast= cool
- When selecting dyes for print fabric you want similar undertones to provide a better
sense of
Blending
Optical color effects (optical color mixing and simultaneous contrast)Know differences in
"primary colors" used for light, inks/printing, pigment/dyes (RGB; CMYK; RYB) -
Answers -Optical color effects -Interactions between colors during the process of
perception can alter perceived colors.
CMYK is a four color system used for print work (ink) such as ads, catalogs, etc.
C = cyan
M = Magenta
Y = yellow
K = black
216 Browser safe colors
RGB system used for web work such as e-commerce sites to ensure same color no
matter the browser
R = Red
G = Green
SOLUTIONS
Functions of the elements of design - Answers -The elements of design are the basic
perceivable units of a form
- Used to describe product, environment, and body
Perceived primarily through the senses of sight and touch
Can describe the 5ps
Used together to create brand identity and influence brand image
- E.G. Blue box from tiffany. A brands signature color
Identify the difference between layout and surface structure and how it contributes to
elements of design (e.g. layout pleats or surface stripes adding dominant vertical lines) -
Answers -LAYOUT Results from three- dimensional, physical manipulation of the
finished materials of the 5ps.
- Lines, Shapes, Textures created through the production process of the
product/apparel.
- Cutting and Sewing
- Also found in retail environments
- Architecture, furnishings
SURFACE Surface Structures - are created during the making of the materials
themselves
- E.G. Knitted Stripes, Animal Print Motif, Brocade weave, surface lines, surface shapes
and colors
Texture, color, shapes, and lines incorporated into the surface of the materials.
Shapes and lines from the surface of apparel
- Fabric prints, plaids, stripes, dyes
- Knit or woven structure
- Embossed or polished leather
Includes surfaces of retail environment
- Fabric, class, brick, wood, metal, etc.
Identify how surface and layout interact in a garment (e.g., emphasizing layout with
color blocked surface) - Answers -Surface interacts with a garment by Texture, color,
shapes, and lines incorporated into the surface of the materials. Shapes and lines from
the surface of apparel. Fabric prints, plaids, stripes, dyes. Knit or woven structure.
Embossed or polished leather
Layout interacts with a garment by Layout lines. Seams, darts, pleats, gathers. Layout
shapes. Sleeves, bodices, skirts, pockets, collars, cuffs, yokes, gussets
Hue - Answers -- Name of the base color on the color wheel
- Color wheel organizes colors in terms of hue
- Artists or pranf standard color wheel includes 12 hues
- Munsell and ostwald system divide colors onto more base hues
, Value - Answers -- lightness or darkness of the hue
- Its closeness to the darkness of black or the lightness of white
Value: tints, shades and tones
- Tints are light blue hues from adding white
- Shades are dark values hues from adding black
- Tones are medium value hues from adding gray
intensity - Answers -- purity, brightness or saturation of a color
- Pure pigment colors on the wheel are most intense or saturated
- Intensity lowered by mixing the pure hue with
1. Gray of the same value
2. The complementary color
Warm and cool colors - Answers -- Hues can be divided into warm colors and cool
colors
- Warm colors advance or appear closer
- Cool colors recede or seem farther away
Identify color relationships/color schemes, warm and cool colors - Answers -- Hues can
be divided into warm colors and cool colors
- Warm colors advance or appear closer
- Cool colors recede or seem farther away
The attention getting nature of warm colors make them a good choice for product
presentation signage
Undertones- warm or cool cast influenced by small amounts of color mixed together
- Yellow cast= warm
- Blue cast= cool
- When selecting dyes for print fabric you want similar undertones to provide a better
sense of
Blending
Optical color effects (optical color mixing and simultaneous contrast)Know differences in
"primary colors" used for light, inks/printing, pigment/dyes (RGB; CMYK; RYB) -
Answers -Optical color effects -Interactions between colors during the process of
perception can alter perceived colors.
CMYK is a four color system used for print work (ink) such as ads, catalogs, etc.
C = cyan
M = Magenta
Y = yellow
K = black
216 Browser safe colors
RGB system used for web work such as e-commerce sites to ensure same color no
matter the browser
R = Red
G = Green
