FCCN level 1 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
3 components of stroke volume Correct Answers preload =
blood volume
afterload = resistance (how clamped or dilated the vessels are)
contractility = Squeeze of the heart
4 phases of AKI Correct Answers - onset
- oliguric
- diuretic = indicates return of tubular function
- recovery
ACE inhibitors Correct Answers - initial dose can drop BP
dramatically
- subsequent double dosing shold not drop the BP significantly
-- BP is not a good parameter for finding effective dose for HF
patient
acute kidney injury Correct Answers - decreased kidney
function within 48 hrs
- UO < 0.5 ml/kg/hr for 6 to 12 hrs
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Correct Answers - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
,ADH pathway Correct Answers - hypothalamus senses low
blood volumed and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) Correct Answers - cardiac
hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
assessment for postrenal failure Correct Answers - oliguric or
anuric
- fluid excess
assessment for prerenal renal failure Correct Answers - oliguria
- fluid deficit (hypotension, tachycardia, dry membranes, weak,
change in LOC)
AV fistula Correct Answers - listen for bruit
- feel for thrill
- requires 2 to 3 months to heal before using
, - lasts longest
- fewest infections
- fewest clotting problems
AV graft Correct Answers - synthetic graft material that
connects artery to vein
- 4 to 8 weeks to heal
- increased risk for clotting and infection
best time for blood transfusion to dialysis pt Correct Answers -
during dialysis
blood Correct Answers - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
blood pressure pitfalls Correct Answers - insensitive sign of
early shock
- must compare to patient baseline
- first BP should always be done manually
*just because you have a BP does not mean the body is being
perfused
calcium channel blockers - dihydropyridines Correct Answers -
potent vasodilators that do not normally effect contractility or
conduction
- nifedipine
- clevidipine
3 components of stroke volume Correct Answers preload =
blood volume
afterload = resistance (how clamped or dilated the vessels are)
contractility = Squeeze of the heart
4 phases of AKI Correct Answers - onset
- oliguric
- diuretic = indicates return of tubular function
- recovery
ACE inhibitors Correct Answers - initial dose can drop BP
dramatically
- subsequent double dosing shold not drop the BP significantly
-- BP is not a good parameter for finding effective dose for HF
patient
acute kidney injury Correct Answers - decreased kidney
function within 48 hrs
- UO < 0.5 ml/kg/hr for 6 to 12 hrs
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Correct Answers - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
,ADH pathway Correct Answers - hypothalamus senses low
blood volumed and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) Correct Answers - cardiac
hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
assessment for postrenal failure Correct Answers - oliguric or
anuric
- fluid excess
assessment for prerenal renal failure Correct Answers - oliguria
- fluid deficit (hypotension, tachycardia, dry membranes, weak,
change in LOC)
AV fistula Correct Answers - listen for bruit
- feel for thrill
- requires 2 to 3 months to heal before using
, - lasts longest
- fewest infections
- fewest clotting problems
AV graft Correct Answers - synthetic graft material that
connects artery to vein
- 4 to 8 weeks to heal
- increased risk for clotting and infection
best time for blood transfusion to dialysis pt Correct Answers -
during dialysis
blood Correct Answers - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
blood pressure pitfalls Correct Answers - insensitive sign of
early shock
- must compare to patient baseline
- first BP should always be done manually
*just because you have a BP does not mean the body is being
perfused
calcium channel blockers - dihydropyridines Correct Answers -
potent vasodilators that do not normally effect contractility or
conduction
- nifedipine
- clevidipine
