COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
B. Presence of others when the injury occurred.
It is essential to establish as precisely as possible the circumstances and mechanism of injury and any
pre-existing ophthalmic abnormality. - (ANSWER)What is NOT Important when documenting the history
of an ocular injury?
A. How the injury occurred
B. Presence of others when the injury occurred
C. The time the Injury occurred
D. Treatment received since the Injury occurred
A. retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhages, and a rupture of the choroid are present.
Similar abnormalities, as well as hemorrhagic chernosis, softening and possible collapse of the eye, and
vitreous hemorrhage, occur in sclera laceration, which should be particularly suspected if there is deep
eyelid laceration. Initially, the effects of a blow to the eye can be disastrous because perforations of the
globe, with prolapse of the intraccular contents, vitreous
hemorrhage, retinal detachment and the rupture of the choroid may occur as an Immediate
complication. - (ANSWER)Globe rupture following blunt force Injury should always be suspected when
A. retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhages, and a rupture of the choroid are present.
B. diplopia Is a major symptom.
C. lid ecctrymosis is a major finding.
D. proptosls Is present
C. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
An acute blockage leads to Immediate catastrophic loss of vision In the involved eye. Refer to pages
1913-199, Source B. Retinal vein occlusion is a common and easily diagnosed retinal vascular disorder
with potentially blinding complications. Central retinal artery occlusion Is the most urgent in terms of
time. If this artery remains occluded for 1 hour or more, the involved eye will go totally blind. -
(ANSWER)Sudden loss of vision in one eye MOST likely indicates
A. amblyopia.
B. cataract
,COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
C. central retinal artery occlusion.
D. retinitis pigmentosa.
C. Conjunctivitis
All major eye problems In family members are relevant. The family history is pertinent for ocular
disorders, such as strabismus, amblyopia, glaucoma, or cataracts, and retinal problems. The presence or
absence of such familial diseases such as myopia, strabismus, and glaucoma should be asked about -
(ANSWER)Which one of the following ocular conditions will LEAST likely present in a patient's family
history?
A. iteratoconus
B. Nystagmus
C. Conjunctivitis
D. Retinitls pigmentosa
D. retinal detachment.
Neovascularlization is the major sign of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Proliferative diabetic
retinopathy can lead to either progressive traction retinal detachment or, if a retinal tear is produced,
rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Neovascularizalion can contract to form a fibrovascular mass that
can pull on tee retina and lead to retinal detachment. - (ANSWER)Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
resulting in neovascularization can contract to form a fibrovascular mass that can pull on the retina and
lead to
A. conjunctivitis.
B. keratoconus.
C. retinoschisis.
D. retinal detachment.
D. Urinary incontinence. - (ANSWER)When evaluating a patient for cataract surgery, which of the
following systemic illnesses is LEAST important?
A. Cardiac problems
B. Diabetes
,COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
C. Hypertension
D. Urinary incontinence
B. direct response stimulated eye and the consensual response In the other eye.
The consensual response to light Is the reaction seen simultaneously in the non-illuminated eye. The
consensual response Is the normal simultaneous constriction of the opposite non-illumlnated pupil. The
normal direct light response causes constriction of the pupil on that side. - (ANSWER)The purpose of the
swinging flashlight test is to compare the
A. consensual response stimulated eye and the direct response in the other eye.
B. direct response stimulated eye and the consensual response In the other eye.
C. direct response and the near response in the same eye.
D. direct response at 20 feet (6 meters) in the same eye.
A. Phaspholine Iodide.
Decreased cholinesterase activity allows naturally released acetylcholine to stay longer in the synaptic
space and continue parasympathetic action. - (ANSWER)Latrogenic or self-induced pupil constriction can
be caused by which drug?
A. Phaspholine Iodide
B. Cyclopentolate
C. Scopolamine
D. Thnoloi
A. 3 - 5 mm.
Pupil size in adults is about 3 mm. The
normal pupillary diameter is about 3 - 4 mm. The diameter of a normal adult pupil Is between 3 - 5 mm.
- (ANSWER)In ordinary room light, the diameter of the normal adult pupil is
A. 3 - 5 mm.
, COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
B. 6 - 9 mm.
C. 10 - 13 mm.
D. 14-17 mm
C. anisocoria.
Ten percent of the population has anisocoria (difference In pupil size). - (ANSWER)A difference In pupil
size is referred to as
A. Adie's Syndrome.
B. Marcus Gunn pupil.
C. anisocoria.
D. hippus.
D. optic nerve disease.
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) Is generally a sign of optic nerve disease. Optic nerve disease
produces a significant RAPD. - (ANSWER)The presence of an afferent pupitiary defect may be caused by
A. damage to the iris sphincter muscle.
B. symmetric damage to the afferent visual system.
C. asymmetric cataracts.
D. optic nerve disease.
C. spherical RGP or soft lenses.
Corneal astigmatism can be corrected by both rigid and soft with lenses. Rigid lenses overcome corneal
astigmatism. Including irregular astigmatism by modifying their anterior surface of the eye into a truly
spherical shape. - (ANSWER)Corneal astigmatism is BEST corrected by
A. extended wear spherical soft contact lenses.
B. hydrogel spherical soft contact lenses.
B. Presence of others when the injury occurred.
It is essential to establish as precisely as possible the circumstances and mechanism of injury and any
pre-existing ophthalmic abnormality. - (ANSWER)What is NOT Important when documenting the history
of an ocular injury?
A. How the injury occurred
B. Presence of others when the injury occurred
C. The time the Injury occurred
D. Treatment received since the Injury occurred
A. retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhages, and a rupture of the choroid are present.
Similar abnormalities, as well as hemorrhagic chernosis, softening and possible collapse of the eye, and
vitreous hemorrhage, occur in sclera laceration, which should be particularly suspected if there is deep
eyelid laceration. Initially, the effects of a blow to the eye can be disastrous because perforations of the
globe, with prolapse of the intraccular contents, vitreous
hemorrhage, retinal detachment and the rupture of the choroid may occur as an Immediate
complication. - (ANSWER)Globe rupture following blunt force Injury should always be suspected when
A. retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhages, and a rupture of the choroid are present.
B. diplopia Is a major symptom.
C. lid ecctrymosis is a major finding.
D. proptosls Is present
C. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
An acute blockage leads to Immediate catastrophic loss of vision In the involved eye. Refer to pages
1913-199, Source B. Retinal vein occlusion is a common and easily diagnosed retinal vascular disorder
with potentially blinding complications. Central retinal artery occlusion Is the most urgent in terms of
time. If this artery remains occluded for 1 hour or more, the involved eye will go totally blind. -
(ANSWER)Sudden loss of vision in one eye MOST likely indicates
A. amblyopia.
B. cataract
,COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
C. central retinal artery occlusion.
D. retinitis pigmentosa.
C. Conjunctivitis
All major eye problems In family members are relevant. The family history is pertinent for ocular
disorders, such as strabismus, amblyopia, glaucoma, or cataracts, and retinal problems. The presence or
absence of such familial diseases such as myopia, strabismus, and glaucoma should be asked about -
(ANSWER)Which one of the following ocular conditions will LEAST likely present in a patient's family
history?
A. iteratoconus
B. Nystagmus
C. Conjunctivitis
D. Retinitls pigmentosa
D. retinal detachment.
Neovascularlization is the major sign of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Proliferative diabetic
retinopathy can lead to either progressive traction retinal detachment or, if a retinal tear is produced,
rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Neovascularizalion can contract to form a fibrovascular mass that
can pull on tee retina and lead to retinal detachment. - (ANSWER)Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
resulting in neovascularization can contract to form a fibrovascular mass that can pull on the retina and
lead to
A. conjunctivitis.
B. keratoconus.
C. retinoschisis.
D. retinal detachment.
D. Urinary incontinence. - (ANSWER)When evaluating a patient for cataract surgery, which of the
following systemic illnesses is LEAST important?
A. Cardiac problems
B. Diabetes
,COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
C. Hypertension
D. Urinary incontinence
B. direct response stimulated eye and the consensual response In the other eye.
The consensual response to light Is the reaction seen simultaneously in the non-illuminated eye. The
consensual response Is the normal simultaneous constriction of the opposite non-illumlnated pupil. The
normal direct light response causes constriction of the pupil on that side. - (ANSWER)The purpose of the
swinging flashlight test is to compare the
A. consensual response stimulated eye and the direct response in the other eye.
B. direct response stimulated eye and the consensual response In the other eye.
C. direct response and the near response in the same eye.
D. direct response at 20 feet (6 meters) in the same eye.
A. Phaspholine Iodide.
Decreased cholinesterase activity allows naturally released acetylcholine to stay longer in the synaptic
space and continue parasympathetic action. - (ANSWER)Latrogenic or self-induced pupil constriction can
be caused by which drug?
A. Phaspholine Iodide
B. Cyclopentolate
C. Scopolamine
D. Thnoloi
A. 3 - 5 mm.
Pupil size in adults is about 3 mm. The
normal pupillary diameter is about 3 - 4 mm. The diameter of a normal adult pupil Is between 3 - 5 mm.
- (ANSWER)In ordinary room light, the diameter of the normal adult pupil is
A. 3 - 5 mm.
, COT study guide (GRO) Questions With Complete Solutions
B. 6 - 9 mm.
C. 10 - 13 mm.
D. 14-17 mm
C. anisocoria.
Ten percent of the population has anisocoria (difference In pupil size). - (ANSWER)A difference In pupil
size is referred to as
A. Adie's Syndrome.
B. Marcus Gunn pupil.
C. anisocoria.
D. hippus.
D. optic nerve disease.
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) Is generally a sign of optic nerve disease. Optic nerve disease
produces a significant RAPD. - (ANSWER)The presence of an afferent pupitiary defect may be caused by
A. damage to the iris sphincter muscle.
B. symmetric damage to the afferent visual system.
C. asymmetric cataracts.
D. optic nerve disease.
C. spherical RGP or soft lenses.
Corneal astigmatism can be corrected by both rigid and soft with lenses. Rigid lenses overcome corneal
astigmatism. Including irregular astigmatism by modifying their anterior surface of the eye into a truly
spherical shape. - (ANSWER)Corneal astigmatism is BEST corrected by
A. extended wear spherical soft contact lenses.
B. hydrogel spherical soft contact lenses.
