EKG INTERPRETATION HCA ACTUAL PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ Electrical rhythm should cause what. Answer: contractions of the
heart
◉ Dysrhythmias. Answer: abnormal rhythms of electrical system
- caused by electrolyte imbalances, CAD, respiratory problems, drug
toxicity, or aging
◉ Lead Placement. Answer: White is on right, black is on the left
Clouds over grass
Smoke over fire
Brown in the middle
◉ Automaticity. Answer: the ability of the heart to create electrical
impulses
◉ Excitability. Answer: the ability of the heart to respond to
electrical impulse from pacemaker cells and depolarize
,◉ Conductivity. Answer: the ability of the heart to send electrical
impulse from cell to cell
◉ Contractility. Answer: the ability of the heart to respond
mechanically
◉ Polarization. Answer: negative inside cell at resting state
◉ Depolarization. Answer: movement of sodium that causes inside
of cell to be more positive
◉ Repolarization. Answer: slower movement of ions as they return
to polarized state
◉ Conduction System. Answer: Know pathway of blood
Know SA node and AV node
SA node to AV node= p wave
QRS complex- down to ventricle
◉ SA (Sinoatrial) Node. Answer: Normal pacemaker of heart
, Impulses at a rate of 60 to 100/minute
Shows up as P wave- SA to AV
P wave represents atrial depolarization
◉ AV (Atrioventricular) Junction. Answer: Shows up as PR segment-
one end of P wave to the other
Back-up system
Rate of 40-60/minute
◉ Bundle of His. Answer: Left and right bundle branches
◉ Purkinje fibers. Answer: Conduction through the
ventricles/ventricular muscle contraction
QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization
◉ P Wave. Answer: atrial depolarization; comes from SA node
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ Electrical rhythm should cause what. Answer: contractions of the
heart
◉ Dysrhythmias. Answer: abnormal rhythms of electrical system
- caused by electrolyte imbalances, CAD, respiratory problems, drug
toxicity, or aging
◉ Lead Placement. Answer: White is on right, black is on the left
Clouds over grass
Smoke over fire
Brown in the middle
◉ Automaticity. Answer: the ability of the heart to create electrical
impulses
◉ Excitability. Answer: the ability of the heart to respond to
electrical impulse from pacemaker cells and depolarize
,◉ Conductivity. Answer: the ability of the heart to send electrical
impulse from cell to cell
◉ Contractility. Answer: the ability of the heart to respond
mechanically
◉ Polarization. Answer: negative inside cell at resting state
◉ Depolarization. Answer: movement of sodium that causes inside
of cell to be more positive
◉ Repolarization. Answer: slower movement of ions as they return
to polarized state
◉ Conduction System. Answer: Know pathway of blood
Know SA node and AV node
SA node to AV node= p wave
QRS complex- down to ventricle
◉ SA (Sinoatrial) Node. Answer: Normal pacemaker of heart
, Impulses at a rate of 60 to 100/minute
Shows up as P wave- SA to AV
P wave represents atrial depolarization
◉ AV (Atrioventricular) Junction. Answer: Shows up as PR segment-
one end of P wave to the other
Back-up system
Rate of 40-60/minute
◉ Bundle of His. Answer: Left and right bundle branches
◉ Purkinje fibers. Answer: Conduction through the
ventricles/ventricular muscle contraction
QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization
◉ P Wave. Answer: atrial depolarization; comes from SA node
