DBMS EXAM 1 (CH.1 - 4) QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
SQL (What does it stand for? What is it?) - Answers -Structured Query Language
(SQL), a database processing language, to query database data
The Internet (origin info) - Answers -the global computer network of networks—was
created as the ARPANET in 1969 and then grew and was used to connect all the LANs
(and other types of networks).
data - Answers -recorded facts and numbers.
POS system - Answers -Businesses use point of sale (POS) systems to record every
purchase in a database, to monitor inventory, and, if you have a sales promotion card
from the store (the one you use to get those special prices for "card holders only"), to
keep track of everything you buy for marketing purposes. All the data POS systems
gather is stored in, of course, a database.
client-server architecture - Answers -A network design in which client computers use a
centrally administered server to share data, data storage space, and devices.
USERS use DIVICES on which they have CLIENT applications to access SERVICES.
These services are processed by SERVERS, which hold the DATABASES with the data
needed (for the client apps).
relational database - Answers -A database that represents data as a collection of tables
in which all data relationships are represented by common values in related tables
a table - Answers -An arrangement of data made up of horizontal rows and vertical
columns.
row (def and alternative name) - Answers -Each row of a table has data about a
particular occurrence, or instance of the thing of interest
also called records
columns (def and alternative name) - Answers -Each column of a table stores a
characteristic common to all rows
Columns are also known as fields
Each row in a table is uniquely identified by a ______ - Answers -primary key
,what is used to create the relationships between the tables in databases? - Answers -
the value of primary keys
surrogate key - Answers -A system-assigned primary key, generally numeric and auto-
incremented.
If the numbers used in primary key columns such as StudentNumber and ClassNumber
are automatically generated and assigned in the database itself
composite key - Answers -Two or more fields that collectively define the primary key by
unique combinations of their values.
When more than one column in a table must be combined to form the primary key
foreign key - Answers -A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in
another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
information - Answers -■ Knowledge derived from data
■ Data presented in a meaningful context
■ Data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing, or other
similar operations
customer relationship management (CRM) system - Answers -an information system
that manages customer contacts from initial solicitation through acceptance, purchase,
continuing purchase, support, and so forth.
An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system - Answers -an information system that
touches every department in a manufacturing company. It includes sales, inventory,
production planning, purchasing, and other business functions
e-commerce database application - Answers -Databases are a key component of e-
commerce order entry, billing, shipping, and customer support. Surprisingly, however,
the largest databases at an e-commerce site are not order-processing databases. The
largest databases are those that track customer browser behavior
Explain digital dashboards and data mining applications - Answers -These applications
use the data generated by order processing and other operational systems to produce
information to help manage the enterprise. Such applications do not generate new data,
but instead summarize existing data to provide insights to management.
Digital dashboards (function) - Answers -Digital dashboards and other reporting
systems assess past and current performance.
Data mining applications (function) - Answers -predict future performance.
database system - Answers -is typically defined to consist of four components:
, - users
- the database application
- the database management system (DBMS)
- the database
+ SQL (in the textbook)
database management system (DBMS) - Answers -a computer program used to
create, process, and administer the database. The DBMS receives requests encoded in
SQL and translates those requests into actions on the database. The DBMS is a large,
complicated program that is licensed from a software vendor; companies almost never
write their own DBMS programs.
database application - Answers -is a set of one or more computer programs that serves
as an intermediary between the user and the DBMS. Application programs read or
modify database data by sending SQL statements to the DBMS. Application programs
also present data to users in the format of forms and reports. Application programs can
be acquired from software vendors, and they are also frequently written in-house. The
knowledge you gain from this text will help you write database applications.
Users - Answers -the final component of a database system, employ a database
application to keep track of things. They use forms to read, enter, and query data, and
they produce reports to convey information.
basic functions of application programs - Answers -- Create and process forms
- Process user queries
- Create and process reports
- Execute application logic
- Control the application itself
This SQL statement is a _____ statement, which asks _________ to obtain specific
data from a database - Answers -query; the DBMS;
Index - Answers -Because this is a large database, searching through the table to find,
for example, all employees in the accounting department would take a long time. To
improve performance, we can create an index (akin to the index at the back of a book)
for DepartmentName to show which employees are in which departments. Such an
index is an example of a supporting structure that is created and maintained by a
DBMS.
Functions of a DBMS - Answers -- Create database
- Create tables
- Create supporting structures (e.g., indexes)
- Modify (insert, update, or delete) database data
- Read database data
- Maintain database structures - -- Enforce rules
SQL (What does it stand for? What is it?) - Answers -Structured Query Language
(SQL), a database processing language, to query database data
The Internet (origin info) - Answers -the global computer network of networks—was
created as the ARPANET in 1969 and then grew and was used to connect all the LANs
(and other types of networks).
data - Answers -recorded facts and numbers.
POS system - Answers -Businesses use point of sale (POS) systems to record every
purchase in a database, to monitor inventory, and, if you have a sales promotion card
from the store (the one you use to get those special prices for "card holders only"), to
keep track of everything you buy for marketing purposes. All the data POS systems
gather is stored in, of course, a database.
client-server architecture - Answers -A network design in which client computers use a
centrally administered server to share data, data storage space, and devices.
USERS use DIVICES on which they have CLIENT applications to access SERVICES.
These services are processed by SERVERS, which hold the DATABASES with the data
needed (for the client apps).
relational database - Answers -A database that represents data as a collection of tables
in which all data relationships are represented by common values in related tables
a table - Answers -An arrangement of data made up of horizontal rows and vertical
columns.
row (def and alternative name) - Answers -Each row of a table has data about a
particular occurrence, or instance of the thing of interest
also called records
columns (def and alternative name) - Answers -Each column of a table stores a
characteristic common to all rows
Columns are also known as fields
Each row in a table is uniquely identified by a ______ - Answers -primary key
,what is used to create the relationships between the tables in databases? - Answers -
the value of primary keys
surrogate key - Answers -A system-assigned primary key, generally numeric and auto-
incremented.
If the numbers used in primary key columns such as StudentNumber and ClassNumber
are automatically generated and assigned in the database itself
composite key - Answers -Two or more fields that collectively define the primary key by
unique combinations of their values.
When more than one column in a table must be combined to form the primary key
foreign key - Answers -A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in
another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
information - Answers -■ Knowledge derived from data
■ Data presented in a meaningful context
■ Data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing, or other
similar operations
customer relationship management (CRM) system - Answers -an information system
that manages customer contacts from initial solicitation through acceptance, purchase,
continuing purchase, support, and so forth.
An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system - Answers -an information system that
touches every department in a manufacturing company. It includes sales, inventory,
production planning, purchasing, and other business functions
e-commerce database application - Answers -Databases are a key component of e-
commerce order entry, billing, shipping, and customer support. Surprisingly, however,
the largest databases at an e-commerce site are not order-processing databases. The
largest databases are those that track customer browser behavior
Explain digital dashboards and data mining applications - Answers -These applications
use the data generated by order processing and other operational systems to produce
information to help manage the enterprise. Such applications do not generate new data,
but instead summarize existing data to provide insights to management.
Digital dashboards (function) - Answers -Digital dashboards and other reporting
systems assess past and current performance.
Data mining applications (function) - Answers -predict future performance.
database system - Answers -is typically defined to consist of four components:
, - users
- the database application
- the database management system (DBMS)
- the database
+ SQL (in the textbook)
database management system (DBMS) - Answers -a computer program used to
create, process, and administer the database. The DBMS receives requests encoded in
SQL and translates those requests into actions on the database. The DBMS is a large,
complicated program that is licensed from a software vendor; companies almost never
write their own DBMS programs.
database application - Answers -is a set of one or more computer programs that serves
as an intermediary between the user and the DBMS. Application programs read or
modify database data by sending SQL statements to the DBMS. Application programs
also present data to users in the format of forms and reports. Application programs can
be acquired from software vendors, and they are also frequently written in-house. The
knowledge you gain from this text will help you write database applications.
Users - Answers -the final component of a database system, employ a database
application to keep track of things. They use forms to read, enter, and query data, and
they produce reports to convey information.
basic functions of application programs - Answers -- Create and process forms
- Process user queries
- Create and process reports
- Execute application logic
- Control the application itself
This SQL statement is a _____ statement, which asks _________ to obtain specific
data from a database - Answers -query; the DBMS;
Index - Answers -Because this is a large database, searching through the table to find,
for example, all employees in the accounting department would take a long time. To
improve performance, we can create an index (akin to the index at the back of a book)
for DepartmentName to show which employees are in which departments. Such an
index is an example of a supporting structure that is created and maintained by a
DBMS.
Functions of a DBMS - Answers -- Create database
- Create tables
- Create supporting structures (e.g., indexes)
- Modify (insert, update, or delete) database data
- Read database data
- Maintain database structures - -- Enforce rules
